專八翻譯練習.doc

專八翻譯練習：文學翻譯一起練What had he been afraid of, I asked myself? That, suddenly alone, he would discover that he bored himself, or that there was, quite simply, no self there to meet? But having taken the plunge, he is now on the brink of adventure; he is about to be launched into his own inner space to the astronaut. His every perception will e to him with a new freshness and, for a time, seem startlingly original. “他一直在害怕什么呢？”，我問自已。 怕突然一個人呆著會發(fā)現(xiàn)自已厭煩自己，或者怕會失去自我？但是有了這次償試，他便要開始探險了。他就要發(fā)射到自已內(nèi)心的宇宙之中。他的所見所感對他來說將會是全新的，一度會新穎的讓人驚奇。The Rewards of Living a Solitary Life The other day an acquaintance of mine, a gregarious and charming man, told me he had found himself unexpectedly alone in New York for an hour or two between appointments. He went to the Whitney 真的不掉線嗎？、？and spent the empty time looking at things in solitary bliss. For him it proved to be a shock nearly as great as falling in love to discover that he could enjoy himself so much alone. 獨自生活的報償 前些日子，我的一個熟人，一位熱愛交際并很受歡迎的男士告訴我，他在紐約的兩個約會之間偶然有一兩個小時的空閑，他便去了惠特尼博物館，四處瀏覽著展品，無比幸福的度過了那些時光。發(fā)現(xiàn)自已獨自一人，也能如此的幸福，他感覺像墜入愛河那般震驚。專八寫作范文Neighbors are the people who live near us. In your opinion, what are the qualities of a good neighbor? Use specific details and examples in your answer.If you have a good neighbor, you are a lucky person. You have someone who cares about your needs and your property, who is helpful in thelittle day-to-day situations that e up, and who is supportive in times of crisis.A good neighbor is someone who, for instance, understands that your children may occasionally run across his lawn, even though you tell them not to. Hell realize that children can be careless 真的不掉線嗎？、？about things like that, and he wont make a big fuss about it unless it bees a regular thing. In the same vein, he knows that youll understand if some of the trash from his trash cans blows across into your yard. IN other words, he is sensitive to the unintentional things that can happen. He doesnt make a big deal about them.A good neighbor is also respectful of your property. For example, she asks your permission before doing anything that interferes with whats yours. This means she wouldnt plant a huge tree in between your houses without asking how you feel about it. If she wanted to put up a fence, she would let you know first. She might work with you to decide where it should be placed. Maybe the two of you would even split the cost.A good neighbor would lend you some milk if you ran out . Shed give you a ride to work if your car was broken, and let your children stay at her house in the evening if you got stuck working overtime. You would do the same for her. Both of you would help make the others life easier.when something really awful happens to you, like a death in the 真的不掉線嗎？、？family, a good neighbor will volunteer to help in any way he can. This could mean something small, like making some casseroles to put in your freezer to feed vesting relatives, Or it could mean something big, like helping you get through the sadness of the funeral.I think only someone who has experienced a bad neighbor can really appreciate a good one! A good neighbor can be a good friend. He or she can make all the difference in the world to your life.專八模擬試題（翻譯篇10）2010-09-10 來源:未知 【大 中 小】 投稿 分享到人人劃詞已開啟來美國求學的中國學生與其他亞裔學生一樣，大多非?？炭嗲趭^，周末也往往會抽出一天甚至兩天的時間去實驗室加班，因而比起美國學生來，成果出得較多。我的導師是亞裔人，嗜煙好酒，脾氣暴躁。但他十分欣賞亞裔學生勤奮與扎實的基礎知識，也特別了解亞裔學生的心理。因此，在他實驗室所招的學生中，除有一名來自德國外，其余5位均是亞裔學生。他干脆在實驗室的門上貼一醒目招牌：“本室助研必須每周工作7天，真的不掉線嗎？、？早10時至晚12時，工作時間必須全力以赴?！边@位導師的嚴格及苛刻是全校有名的，在我所呆的3年半中，共有14位學生被招進他的實驗室，最后博士畢業(yè)的只剩下5人。1990年夏天，我不顧別人勸阻，硬著頭皮接受了導師的資助，從此開始了艱難的求學旅程。 參考譯文 :Like students from other Asian countries and regions, most Chinese students who e to pursue further education in the United States work on their studies most diligently and assiduously. Even on weekends, they would frequently spend one day, or even two days, to work overtime in their laboratories. Therefore, pared with their American counterparts, they are more academically fruitful. My supervisor (advisor / tutor) is of Asian origin who is addicted to alcohols and cigarettes, with a sharp (an irritable) temper. Nevertheless, he highly appreciates the industry and the solid foundational knowledge of Asian students and has a particularly 真的不掉線嗎？、？keen insight into the psychology of Asian students. Hence, of all the students recruited by his laboratory, except for one German, the rest five were all from Asia.He even put a striking notice on the door of his lab, which read, All the research assistants of this laboratory are required to work 7 days a week, from 10 AM to 12 PM. Nothing but work during the working hours. This supervisor is reputed on the entire campus for his severity and harshness. In the course of the 3 and half years that I stayed there, a total of 14 students were recruited into his laboratory and only 5 of them stayed on until they graduated with their Ph.D. degrees. In the summer of 1990, ignoring the remonstrations (admonishments / dissuasions) from others, I accepted my supervisors sponsorship and embarked on the difficult journey of academic pursuit (undertaking further studies in the United States). 專八范文-控制影視暴力的意義題目 真的不掉線嗎？、？The government should control the amount of violence in films and on television in order to decrease the violent crimes in society. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this issue? 參考范文 It is widely acknowledged that the amount of violence in films and on TV is one of the direct causes that lead to our high crime rate in our society. The voice of demanding the government to control violent scenes in media has been much louder than before. Personally, I totally agree with this voice, for it is the most effective way to reduce violent crimes in the real world. First and foremost, violence on TV or in films is often portrayed as extreme as possible in order to attract audiences. This will definitely set a bad example for those immature audiences, who, lacking correct parental guidance, are most likely to copy the violent behaviours and mit real violent crimes. Next, media, such as TV or film, is considered as the correct information source regulated by the government. It should be reporting and reflecting true phenomena in the society. Violence, as one of the facts in the real world, certainly has to be reported. 真的不掉線嗎？、？However, excessive violence is offering misleading information to the public, which will exert detrimental influence to the society. For example, teenagers will regard those killers and murderers in the films and on TV as role models and copy their behaviours. It is recently reported in the news that a seventeen-year-old killed all his family members, one sister and two parents out of hatred and jealousy. In the real world, we are often reminded of the harm and hurt that violence in fictional world has brought us. In a word, our society is preoccupied by the violent scenes and plots at present. What the government has to do immediately is to take effective measures to control the amount of violence in media. Only in this way, can our society enjoy high level of security and peace. 英語寫作精講精練：一個公式三個原則一個公式我們都知道英語與漢語在表達順序上存在很大的差異，因此，這里我們先引出一個英語表達順序的公式來。請記?。河⒄Z的表達語序基本上遵真的不掉線嗎？、？循以下這個順序：6-1-2-3-4-5-66(when)1(who)2(what)3(whom)4(how)5(where)6(when)說明：6的位置很靈活，可以放前，也可以放后。示例：I ate an apple.I ate an apple with a fork.I ate an apple with a fork in the kitchen.I ate an apple with a fork in the kitchen this morning.以上四個句子從1-2-3模式一直到1-2-3-4-5-6模式，請大家逐個翻譯一下，仔細對比英語順序與漢語順序的差異。結論：英語和漢語在表達的最核心內(nèi)容上是一致的：即一個句子的1-2-3是相同的；但是，在有了4-5-6后，漢語表達方式與英語這個自然表達順序產(chǎn)生了巨大的詞序差異：漢語次信息先出現(xiàn)；英語主信息先出現(xiàn)再如：我喜歡那個女孩子我喜歡那個穿紅衣服的女孩子我喜歡那個穿紅衣服的不喜歡我的女孩子這三個句子的核心內(nèi)容都是：I like that girl.(與：“我喜歡那個女孩子”詞序一致，但是，在添加了其它部分后，表達順序全變樣了！)真的不掉線嗎？、？再如：我打死一只蒼蠅我用手打死一只蒼蠅我用手打了三次打死一只蒼蠅我用手打了三次并在我助理的幫助下打死了一只蒼蠅這四個句子的核心內(nèi)容都是：I killed a fly.(與“我打死一只蒼蠅”詞序一致，但是，在添加了其它部分后，表達順序全變樣了！)逗號原則在一個句子的前面如果有內(nèi)容，那么，請記?。?.不到3個單詞時，可以用逗號與后面句子分隔開來，也可以不用逗號分隔，具體情況根據(jù)說話人自己確定的停頓語氣長短來確定。示例1：At last he stopped playing the piano.示例2：Sadly he picked up the broken glass and went into the room.2.達到或超過3個單詞時，必須用逗號與后面句子分隔開來。示例1：In the end, I could not bear it.示例2：To my surprise, he bought me a ticket!1個句子1個main verb(即：2)原則理論上講：一個句子只應該有一個為主的動詞(即2)。但是，實際運用的過程中，我們會發(fā)現(xiàn)一個句子中有多個動詞，此時就需要：標記清楚這些動詞彼此間的邏輯關系！真的不掉線嗎？、？這里的邏輯關系有兩種情況：1.并列(即：將這些動詞視為地位相同；一般方式為使用and連接)2.從屬(即：犧牲某個或某些動詞，將其處理成符合從屬關系的方式，從而確保為主的動詞；一般方式為使用動詞三大非謂語形式：動詞的ing形式、動詞的過去分詞形式、動詞的不定式形式)1.并列關系示例示例1：I sat down beside her said nothing.分析：sat與said之間沒有標記邏輯關系，錯誤！可以添加and，形成并列關系，即：I sat down beside her and said nothing.示例2：I entered the room saw mother sit there wait for me e back.分析：這里有5個動詞，都沒有標記邏輯關系，錯誤！通過分析，我們看到：entered和saw可以并列，因為它們擁有共同的1(I)；sit和wait可以并列，因為它們擁有共同的1(mother)，但這兩組動詞之間就不能再并列了，因為無法這么做。這就意味著：這句話里的動詞有的可以并列，而有的不可以。示例3：I opened the bag took out some paper and a pen, sat down started take notes. 分析：opened，took out，sat down，started這四個動詞擁有共同的1(I)，而且都是1直接行使或發(fā)出的動作，所以，可以采取并列關系；真的不掉線嗎？、？但take因為有個過渡層，因此并列處理不合適。2.從屬關系示例示例1：I sat down beside her said nothing.分析：動詞關系混亂，假如想確保said，則需要犧牲后面，如：I sat down beside her, saying nothing.假如確保后面，則犧牲前面：Sitting down beside her, I said nothing.示例2：To quit smoking, I eat candies.一個句子一個句號原則理論上講，一個句子一個句號，但是，實際中會有幾個甚至多個句子擺放在一起共享一個句號。此時應該怎么辦呢？答案很簡單：標記清楚這些句子間的邏輯關系。有兩種：1.并列關系示例示例1：I sat down beside her. I said nothing.變?yōu)椋篒 sat down beside her and I said nothing.示例2：He asked me a question. I answered him.變?yōu)椋篐e asked me a question and I answered him.2.從屬關系1)運用各類從句，形成主從符合句，包括：真的不掉線嗎？、？狀語從句賓語從句定語從句主語從句同位語從句2)運用非謂語動詞類進行從屬方式的處理，包括：動詞的ing形式動詞的過去分詞形式動詞不定式形式從屬關系示例(以狀語從句為例)示例1：When he asked me a question, I answered him.示例2：I was so angry that I beat him up!示例3：If you ask me why, I will answer because!示例4：Since you are not feeling well, just lie down and take a good rest.示例5：Although I have tried my best, I cant win her heart. 示例6：Wherever I am, I will be thinking of you.示例7：I went out very early in the morning so that I could avoid the rush hour traffic. 非謂語動詞方式處理示例示例1：I sat beside her. I felt very nervous.可變?yōu)椋篠itting beside her, I felt very nervous.或者：I sat beside her, feeling very nervous.真的不掉線嗎？、？示例2：I want to quit smoking. I eat candies. 可變?yōu)椋篢o quit smoking, I eat candies.示例3：A young man was tired of sleeping on the floor. He saved up for years to buy a real bed.可以變?yōu)椋篢ired of sleeping on the floor, a young man saved up for years to buy a real bed.示例4：Jimmy was dressed up as Father Christmas. He was acpanied by a guard of honor of six pretty girls. He set off down the main street of the city. He rode a baby elephant. The elephant was called Jumbo. 可以變?yōu)椋篋ressed up as Father Christmas and acpanied by a guard of honor of six pretty girls, Jimmy set off down the main street of the city, riding a baby elephant called Jumbo.定語從句方式處理定語從句當然是屬于“從屬”的行列，所以，是處理為從屬方式的手段之一。請看下面的例子：This is the only book.I read the book during the holiday. 兩句的重合點在the book上面；將第二句中的the book抽出來，放到真的不掉線嗎？、？第一句book后面，其它內(nèi)容向后甩。這樣，我們就會看到the only book后面馬上又在重復the book。為了避免重復，我們?nèi)サ魌he book，而換用另外一個詞去替換，這個詞就是指物的which或that。因為這里的book有only在修飾，所以，最終我們選用that；又因為that在定語從句中作賓語，所以，可以省略。下面兩句的合并遵循同樣的原則：She is the girl.The girls father is my boss. She is the girl whose father is my boss.幾個句型：, but句型(表轉(zhuǎn)折關系), for句型(表原因關系), so句型(表結果關系)(,/;/.) however,句型(表更強烈的轉(zhuǎn)折關系)(,/;/.) therefore,句型(更強烈的結果關系)(,/;/.) meanwhile,句型(表時間關系)(,/;/.) consequently,句型(表結果關系)(,/;/.) admittedly,句型(表讓步關系)這些基本知識構成了：1)簡單句擴展到復雜句2)復雜句拆分為簡單句由“分到合”，由“合到分”的“基石”。 真的不掉線嗎？、？A.accept - v. to agree to receive接受 accident - n. something that happens by chance or mistake; an unplanned event事故 accuse - v. to say a person is responsible for an act or crime; to make a statementagainst someone指責 activist - n. one who seeks change through action 激進分子 administration - n. the executive part of a government, usually headed by apresident or prime minister政府 admit - v. to accept (admitted to the United Nations); to express ones guilt orresponsibility (He admitted that what he did was wrong.)承認 adult - n. a grown person成人 advise - v. to help with ination, knowledge or ideas in making a decision建議 affect - v. to produce an effect on; to influence (A lack of sleep affected the singersperance.)影響 agency - n. an organization that is part of a larger group (an agency of the UnitedNations)機構 aggression - n. an attack against a person or country; the violation of a countrysborders侵略 agriculture - n. farming農(nóng)業(yè) air force - n. a military organization using airplanes 空軍 album - n. a collection of recorded music 歌集 alcohol - n. a strong, colorless liquid, usually made from grain, used as a drug or inindustrial products酒精 ally - n. a nation or person joined with another for a special purpose 聯(lián)合體 ambassador - n. a nations highest diplomatic representative (to anothergovernment)大使 amend - v. to add to or to change (a proposal or law)修正 ammunition - n. the bullets or shells fired from guns彈藥 anarchy - n. a lack of order; lawlessness無政府狀態(tài) ancestor - n. a family member from the past祖先 ancient - ad. very old; long ago遠古的 anniversary - n. a yearly celebration or observance of an event that happened in thepast 周年 announce - v. to make known publicly; to declare officially宣布 apologize - v. to express regret for a mistake or accident for which one acceptsresponsibility致歉 appeal - v. to take to a higher court, person or group for a decision; to call onsomebody for help上訴；呼吁 真的不掉線嗎？、？appear - v. to show oneself; to e into sight; to seem出現(xiàn) appoint - v. to name; to choose (appoint a judge)任命 approve - v. to agree with; to agree to support贊成 archeology - n. the scientific study of past human life and activities 考古學 argue - v. to offer reasons for or against something; to dispute; to disagree爭論 arms - n. military equipment; weapons兵器 arrest - v. to seize a person for legal action; to take as a prisoner逮捕 artillery - n. big guns炮 assist - v. to help幫助 astronaut - n. a person who travels in space宇航員 astronomy - n. the scientific study of stars and the universe天文學 asylum - n. political protection given by a government to a person from anothercountry政治庇護 atmosphere - n. the gases surrounding any star or pla大氣層 attach - v. to tie together; to connect系上；連接 attack - n. a violent attempt to damage, injure or kill; v. to start a fight襲擊 attempt - v. to work toward something; to try; to make an effort嘗試 attend - v. to be present at出席 automobile - n. a vehicle with wheels used to carry people; a car汽車 average - n. something (a number) representing the middle; ad. mon; normal平均，平常 avoid - v. to stay away from避免 award - n. an honor or prize for an act or service獎勵 Bbalance - v. to make two sides or forces equal 平衡 balloon - n. a device of strong, light material that rises when filled with gas lighterthan air 氣球 ballot - n. a piece of paper used for voting 選票 ban - v. to not permit; to stop; n. an official restriction 禁止 bar - v. to prevent or block禁止，阻礙 barrier - n. anything that blocks or makes an action difficult 障礙 base - n. a military center 軍營; v. to establish as a fact 基于 (Her research was based onexperiments.) battle - n. a fight between opposing armed forces戰(zhàn)斗 beat - v. to hit again and again擊打 betray - v. to turn against; to be false to 背叛 bill - n. a legislative proposal議案 真的不掉線嗎？、？biology - n. the scientific study of life or living things in all their s生物學 blame - v. to accuse; to hold responsible責備 block - v. to stop something from being done; to prevent movement堵塞，阻礙 bomb - n. a device that explodes with great force 炸彈; v. to attack or destroy withbombs 炸彈襲擊 border - n. a dividing line between nations 邊界 boycott - v. to refuse to take part in or deal with聯(lián)合抵制 brief - ad. short; not long簡短的 broadcast - v. to send ination, stories or music by radio or television; n. a radioor television program廣播 brown - ad. having the color like that of coffee 褐色的 budget - n. a spending plan預算 bullet - n. a small piece of metal shot from a gun 子彈 burst - v. to break open suddenly爆裂 business - n. ones work; buying and selling to earn money; trade工作，商業(yè) Ccabi - n. a group of ministers that helps lead a government 內(nèi)閣 camp - n. a place with temporary housing露營 campaign - n. a petition by opposing political candidates seeking support fromvoters; a connected series of military actions during a war活動 cancel - v. to end; to stop取消 cancer - n. a disease in which dangerous cells grow quickly and destroy parts of thebody癌癥 candidate - n. a person who seeks or is nominated for an office or an honor 候選人 capitalism - n. an economic system in which the production of most goods andservices is owned and operated for profit by private citizens or panies 資本主義 capture - v. to make a person or animal a prisoner; to seize or take by force; to getcontrol of 捕獲 case (court) - n. a legal action案例 case (medical) - n. an incident of disease (There was only one case of chicken poxat the school.)病例 cause - v. to make happen; n. the thing or person that produces a result導致 ceasefire - n. a halt in fighting, usually by agreement?；饏f(xié)議 celebrate - v. to honor a person or event with special activities慶祝 ceremony - n. an act or series of acts done in a special way established by tradition儀式 chairman - n. a person leading a meeting or an organized group主席 champion - n. the best; the winner冠軍