外研版高考英語必修一語法精析探究 學(xué)案：Module 3 Period Three.docVIP

period threegrammar & writing單元語法過去分詞作定語和用于一般過去時的時間狀語.用所給動詞的正確形式填空1we ate great meals cooked(cook) by experts!2we saw abandoned(abandon) farms which were built more than a hundred years ago.3for many years，trained(train) camels carried food and other supplies，and returned with wool and other products.4recently i had(have) my first ride on a long-distance train.5one night，at about midnight，i watched(watch) the night sky for about an hour.6a long time ago，australians needed(need) a way to travel to the middle of the country.7the afghans and their camels did(do) this until the 1920s.8in 1925，they passed(pass) a law which allowed people to shoot the animals if they were a problem.翻譯句子1上周末，簡吃了一頓她外婆做的美餐。last weekend，jane ate a nice meal (which was) cooked by her grandmother.2前天我們舉行了一場籃球賽。we held a basketball match the day before yesterday.3前幾天，robert去北京出差了。robert went to beijing on business the other day.4瑪麗過去常常一周來拜訪我一次。mary used to pay a visit to/visit me once a week.5當(dāng)我還是個小男孩時，我常去那個公園玩。when i was a boy，i often went to play in that park.一、過去分詞作定語過去分詞有兩個顯著的特點，即：從時間上講，表示動作已經(jīng)完成；從語態(tài)上講，表示被動的概念。但是，如果是不及物動詞的過去分詞形式，則只表示時間上的過去，而沒有被動意義。1過去分詞作定語的位置(1)單個過去分詞及由過去分詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞作定語時，通常置于被修飾詞之前，但修飾代詞時，需要置于被修飾詞之后。如：a retired worker一位退休的工人the given question給定的問題qualified teachers合格的教師everybody invited所有被邀請的人注意：leave的過去分詞left表示“剩余的，剩下的”時，置于被修飾詞之后。如：i have only one coin left.我只剩下一枚硬幣了。(2)過去分詞短語作定語要后置，放在被修飾詞之后。如：the languages used in germany在德國使用的語言the book written in simple english用淺顯的英語寫成的書2過去分詞作定語，相當(dāng)于一個定語從句，但它比定語從句更簡短。過去分詞短語作后置定語時，如果和中心詞之間有逗號，則可以將其轉(zhuǎn)換成非限制性定語從句；若無逗號，則可以將其轉(zhuǎn)換成限制性定語從句。i want to take away the book shown to me yesterday.i want to take away the book which was shown to me yesterday.我想帶走(你)昨天給我看的那本書。the olympic games，first held in 776 bc，did not include women competitors until 1912.the olympic games，which were first held in 776 bc，did not include women competitors until 1912.于公元前776年首次舉辦的奧運會直到1912年才允許女運動員參賽。3表示情感的動詞的過去分詞有些表示情感或心理狀態(tài)的過去分詞已經(jīng)完全形容詞化，常見的這類過去分詞有：disappointed(失望的)，moved(感動的)，interested(感興趣的)，surprised(感到驚訝的)，shocked(震驚的，震撼的)，puzzled(迷惑不解的)，frightened(受驚嚇的)等。如：a frightened girl一個受驚嚇的女孩。4不及物動詞的過去分詞一些不及物動詞也有過去分詞形式，由于不及物動詞不可以直接跟賓語，所以不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語時只表示動作的完成，而沒有被動意義。如：newly-arrived passengers剛到的旅客fallen leaves落葉5過去分詞常和形容詞、副詞或名詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合形容詞作定語the newly-built hotel was burnt in the fire.新建的賓館在火災(zāi)中被燒掉了。二、用于一般過去時的時間狀語1一般過去時表示在過去一段時間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作時，常與always，usually，often，sometimes，never等時間狀語連用。when i was a child，i often played football in the street.當(dāng)我是個孩子時，我經(jīng)常在街上踢足球。i always got up late，and never had enough time for breakfast.我總是起床很晚，從來沒有足夠的時間吃早飯。2一般過去時表示在過去某一具體的時間里所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)時，常用的時間狀語有a moment ago，just now，yesterday，last week，an hour ago，the other day，in 1982，last year，in the tang dynasty等。where did you go yesterday?你昨天去哪里了？3一般過去時也可與today，this week，in the old days，during.，when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，recently，until.，“since時間點”等時間狀語連用。they recently moved to a new house.最近他們搬進(jìn)了新居。during his middle school years，he often went for the competition.他在中學(xué)時代經(jīng)常參加競賽。i saw him today.我今天見過他。.單句語法填空1the publication of great expectations，which was(be) both widely reviewed and highly praised，strengthened dickens status as a leading novelist.(2017江蘇)2i was driving(drive) down to london when i suddenly found that i was on the wrong road.(2017天津)3did(do) you call that company to see how they think of our product yesterday?yes.they are happy with it.(2017北京)4jack was working(work) in the lab when the power cut occurred.(2016北京)5to return to the problem of water pollution，id like you to look at a study conducted(conduct) in australia in 2012.(2016浙江)6it was raining lightly when i arrived(arrive) in yangshuo just before dawn.(2015全國)7did you enjoy the party?yes.we were treated(treat) well by our hosts.(2015北京)8is peter coming?no，he changed(change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute.(2015重慶)9i wasnt able to hide my eagerness when i asked(ask)，“what do you wish me to do now？”(2015湖南)10the real reason why prices were(be)，and still are，too high is complex，and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.(2015江蘇).單句改錯(每小題僅有1處錯誤)1before getting into the car，i thought i had learned the instructors orders，but once i started the car，my mind blank.(2017全國，短文改錯)2about one month after this photo was taken，i entered my second year of high school and a new member of the school music club.(2017全國，短文改錯)3we up early in the morning.dad cleaned the house，and then went shopping.(2016四川，短文改錯)4while they ，my father would lift my sister and me up to sit on the top of the fridge.(2016浙江，短文改錯)5when i was a child，i hoped to live in the city.i i would be happy there.(2015全國，短文改錯)6as i you last time，i made three new friends here.(2015四川，短文改錯)7this morning she barking even before 5 oclock.(2014遼寧，短文改錯)8nearly five years ，and with the help of our father，my sister and i planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果) in our back garden.(2014新課標(biāo)全國，短文改錯)9i was only four when she away.(2013新課標(biāo)全國，短文改錯)10do you want to know why we last week？(2013浙江，短文改錯).單句語法填空1dont put the waste on the ground.oh，im very sorry.i didnt see(not，see) the dustbin there.2robert gave(give) me his address the other day，but im afraid i have lost it.3mr smith came(come) to see you just now.4we often went(go) out for a walk after supper when we lived in the countryside.5the fire broke(break) out during the night.完成句子6上次提到的那本書已經(jīng)賣光了。the book referred to last time has been sold out.7上周進(jìn)行的調(diào)查結(jié)果如下。the results of the survey conducted last week are as follows.8美國是個高度發(fā)達(dá)的國家。america is a highly-developed country.9她臉上帶著困惑的表情在傾聽。she listened with a puzzled expression on her face.10污染的空氣對我們的健康有害。the polluted air is bad for our health.語法填空(2017山西晉中名校高一上聯(lián)考)my friend had a chance to make a trip 11.to hong kong last year.he had dreamed about 12.visiting(visit) it since his boyhood and it was the first time that he 13.had been(be) there.the following was 14.what he had seen.arriving there，he 15.was attracted(attract) by its beautiful scenery and tall buildings.it is said that hong kong has the most skyscrapers in the world.wherever he went，he saw many smiling faces there.people in hong kong were kind，generous，easygoing and ready 16.to help(help) others.much to his surprise，he saw that people there always kept order in public places.though crowds of people 17.were waiting(wait) for the next train at the subway station，they were talking in such a low voice as not to disturb one another.chinese and english are their official languages.english is 18.widely(wide) used in governments，markets，service centers and other fields.19staying(stay) there for only a week was a good experience for him,20.which he will never forget.單元寫作writing about ones experiences以旅游為題材的書面表達(dá)是比較常見的一類寫作形式，游記類的寫作屬于記敘文的范疇。游記就是將自己在游覽過程中的所見所聞和所想記錄下來，重在介紹風(fēng)光景點、名勝古跡、風(fēng)土人情等，抒發(fā)自己參觀游覽的體驗感受。寫這類記敘文應(yīng)注意：1游記類的記敘文主要是按照時間順序把旅游的過程介紹給別人。對于旅游的過程和感受，可以交叉進(jìn)行，也可以在文章的最后寫旅游感受。表達(dá)旅游感受可用感嘆句。2要用過渡詞或時間狀語把旅游過程的要點連接起來。3要融入真情實感。要把自己的思想感情融進(jìn)文章里，做到既有所見所聞，又有所思所感，這樣可以豐富文章內(nèi)涵，深化寫作主題，使文章更具感染力。4文章時態(tài)主要用一般過去時態(tài)，但描述景色、旅游地概況或發(fā)表議論時可用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。人稱用第一人稱。1last week，i paid a visit to mount emei in sichuan province with my family.2during the national day holidays，i went to beijing for five days with my classmates and my teachers.3there were so many animals in the sea museum，and some of them looked very lovely，for example，penguins，seals and more.4then，we visited the palace museum and the summer palace，which were both good places to take pictures.5even though my travel seems really short，my memory of the pleasant trip will last long.6summer travel made me grow a lot of knowledge and understand a lot of history，legend and folklore(民俗)7traveling to beidaihe is always a dream in my heart，so ill treat it as a chance for me to broaden my horizons.8i could not but admit that it was a most pleasant and unforgettable travel.假如你叫李華，暑假去了西雙版納旅游。請你給你的美國朋友helen寫一封100詞左右的信，告訴她西雙版納的風(fēng)土人情。1西雙版納位于云南省南部，東南與老撾相連，西南與緬甸接壤，總面積為19 582平方公里，人口113萬。2氣候終年溫暖濕潤。3西雙版納環(huán)境優(yōu)美，既是植物王國又是動物王國，并被譽為“藥材之鄉(xiāng)”。4以潑水節(jié)的形式慶祝新年。注意：開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：老撾laos；緬甸burma；濕潤humid；藥材之鄉(xiāng)a herb garden；潑水splash water寫作要求是根據(jù)提示寫一篇游記，介紹西雙版納。寫作時應(yīng)注意下面三點：1確定文體：這是一篇游記，屬于記敘文的范疇。2主體時態(tài)：文章應(yīng)以一般過去時為主，介紹西雙版納概況時可用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。3主體人稱：文章應(yīng)該以第一人稱為主。聯(lián)想詞匯1位于lie in2占地面積cover an area of3有人口have a population of4盛產(chǎn)be rich in5被稱作be called句式升級1西雙版納位于云南省南部，東南與老撾相連，西南與緬甸接壤。xishuangbanna lies in the south of yunnan province with laos to the southeast and burma to the southwest.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))xishuangbanna lies in the south of yunnan province，which is connected with laos to the southeast and burma to the southwest.(非限制性定語從句)located in the south of yunnan province，xishuangbanna is connected with laos to the southeast and burma to the southwest.(過去分詞短語作狀語)2它總面積為19 582平方公里，人口113萬。it covers an area of 19,582 square kilometers and has a population of 1,130,000.(并列句)it covers an area of 19,582 square kilometers with a population of 1,130,000.(with)covering an area of 19,582 square kilometers，it has a population of 1,130,000.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)3西雙版納環(huán)境優(yōu)美，既是植物王國又是動物王國，并被譽為“藥材之鄉(xiāng)”。xishuangbanna is rich in animals as well as plants and is also called “a herb garden”(as well as；并列句)xishuangbanna is not only rich in plants and animals，but it is also famous as “a herb garden”not only.but (also).4人們以潑水節(jié)的形式慶祝新年。people here splash water on each other to celebrate the new year.(不定式短語作目的狀語)people here celebrate the new year by splashing water on each other.(“bydoing”短語作方式狀語)dear helen，this summer i went on a tenday tour to xishuangbanna.xishuangbanna is one of the most beautiful places in china.it lies in the south of yunnan province with laos to the southeast and burma to the southwest.covering an area of 19,582 square kilometers，it has a population of 1,130,000.the environment here is friendly.its warm and humid all year long.xishuangbanna is rich in animals as well as plants and is also called “a herb garden”what impressed me most was that people here splash water on each other.i was told that they do this to celebrate the new year.by the way，i bought some souvenirs and im going to give one to you as a gift.im looking forward to seeing you.best wishes.yours，li hua.閱讀理解a(2018甘肅嘉峪關(guān)一中高一上期中)active new zealandadventure tours in new zealand and south americawebsite：phoneestinations：south pacific，new zealand，south america，argentina，chile，peru，ecuador，costa ricaactivities：bicycling，mountain，road，crosscountry/touring，seakayaking，hiking & trekking(遠(yuǎn)足)，backpacking，exploring，day hiking，family，scubadiving(帶水肺潛水)，rainforest，wildlife，walkingadventure lifeexceptional travel in latin america and antarcticawebsite：phoneestinations：antarctica，south america，argentina，chile，peru，ecuador，bolivia，central america，belize，costa rica，panamaactivities：kayaking，rafting，seakayaking，hiking & trekking，backpacking，exploring，day hiking，multisport，cultural，archaeological(考古的)，historical，scuba & snorkeling，nature，rainforest，wildlife，ecofocused，culturefocused，expedition cruisingadventure spirit/travel networkadventure tour operatortravel agencywebsite：phoneestinations：asia，europe，south pacific，antarctica，africa，south america，north americaactivities：bicycling，paddlesport，snowsport，hiking & trekking，caving，family，multisport，cultural，beach & watersport，scuba & snorkeling，nature，photography，safari，geotourism，fishing & fishing lodges，sailing & cruise，other，expedition cruising，space，educational，walking，horseback/dude ranch(牧場)，selfdrive，around the world tours.1which of the following are not country names?abolivia & chilebargentina & costa ricacperu & new zealanddsafari & scuba答案d解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三則廣告activities中的“scuba & snorkeling.safari”可知safari & scuba是活動名稱而不是國家名稱，故選d。2if jackson wants to travel around the world，he can call .18003446118none of the above答案a解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三則廣告中的“website：phone可知如果jackson想環(huán)球旅游，他可以撥打電3which of the following statements is true according to the three advertisements?aboth travel network and adventure life can take you to africa.bif you want to enjoy beach & watersport，you can callcactive new zealand can provide you adventure tours in new zealand and antarctica.dif you are interested in history，you can click for more information.答案d解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)adventure life中的“website：”及“activities：.archaeological(考古的)，historical，scuba & snorkeling”可知如果你對歷史感興趣，可以點擊獲得更多信息。故選d。4this text is most probably taken from the column of .aeducation btravelchistory dphotography答案b解析文章出處題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知這三則廣告談的是有關(guān)旅行的事情，故最有可能來自“旅行欄目”，故選b。b(2017重慶一中高一上月考)that cold january night，i was growing sick of my life in san francisco.there i was，walking home at one in the morning after a tiring practice at the theatre.with opening night only a week ago，i was still learning my lines.i was having trouble dealing with my parttime job at the bank and my acting at night at the same time.as i walked，i thought seriously about giving up both acting and san francisco.city life had become too much for me.as i walked down empty streets under tall buildings，i felt very small and cold.i began running，both to keep warm and to keep away from any possible robbers(搶劫犯)very few people were still out except a few sadlooking homeless people under blankets.about a block from my apartment，i heard a sound behind me.i turned quickly，half expecting to see someone with a knife or a gun.the street was empty.all i saw was a shining streetlight.still，the noise had made me nervous，so i started to run faster.not until i reached my apartment building and unlocked the door did i realize what the noise had been.it had been my wallet falling to the sidewalk.suddenly i wasnt cold or tired anymore.i ran out of the door and back to where id heard the noise.although i searched the sidewalk anxiously for fifteen minutes，my wallet was nowhere to be found.just as i was about to give up the search，i heard the garbage truck(垃圾車) pull up to the sidewalk next to me.when a voice called from the inside，“alisa camacho” i thought i was dreaming.how could this man know my name？the door opened，and out jumped a small redhaired man with an amused look in his eyes.“is this what youre looking for？” he asked，holding up a small square shape.it was nearly 3 am by the time i got into bed.i wouldnt get much sleep that night，but i had gotten my wallet back.i also had gotten back some enjoyment of city life.i realized that the city couldnt be a bad place as long as people were willing to help each other.語篇解讀文章講述的是作者在一天的工作之后，對這個城市，對生活，對工作都失去了興趣。后來因為得到了別人的幫助而找回丟失的錢包，又重新燃起了對這個城市的喜愛之情。5how did the writer feel when she was walking home after work?acold and sick.bfortunate and helpful.csatisfied and cheerful.ddisappointed and helpless.答案d解析推理判斷題。由第一段中作者所用的一些詞比如：cold，sick of(對厭惡)，tiring及trouble等以及“i thought seriously about giving up both acting and san francisco.city life had become too much for me.”可以推斷作者凌晨才結(jié)束排練，在回家路上感到對生活的無助和失望。故選d項。6on her way home the writer .alost her wallet unknowinglybwas stopped by a garbage truck drivercwas robbed of her wallet by an armed mandfound some homeless people following her答案a解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句可知，作者回到家之后才發(fā)現(xiàn)錢包丟了。故a項正確。7in the fifth paragraph，why did the writer say she was dreaming?asomeone offered to take her back home.ba redhaired man came to see her.cshe heard someone call her name.dher wallet was found in a garbage truck.答案c解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“how could this man know my name？”可知，作者認(rèn)為這里沒有人知道她的名字，因此當(dāng)聽到別人叫她的名字時，她覺得自己在做夢，故選c項。8from the text，we can infer that the writer .awould stop working at nightbwould stay on in san franciscocwould make friends with cleanersdwould give up her job at the bank答案b解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句可知，作者認(rèn)為這個城市其實還是有可愛之處的，并沒有以前認(rèn)為的那么糟糕。由此可推知，她將會繼續(xù)待在這個城市。故選b項。.語法填空(2018河南鄭州一中高一上段考)the socalled americanization phenomenon seems to be more a result of the recent globalization (全球化) in our world.if we find various american products worldwide，it is also increasingly common 9.to find(find) asian products in the united states.10going(go) to any country in asia nowadays，we will see many of the american icons everywhere.a few years 11.ago when i was in vietnam，i was 12.completely(complete) surprised at the number of advertisements about products from multinational companies，many of them american.it is unforgettable for me to see the huge coca cola billboard shown on 13.an unnamed long and narrow street.since i moved to america，i 14.have discovered (discover) many asian products in america，from movies to foods.either in san francisco 15.or in seattle，we can go to the cinema and enjoy the 16.attractive( attract) american movie kung fu panda，and take home spring rolls from one of the many chinese restaurants in town.i know that many people would like 17.to reduce(reduce) the globalization process in the world because they think they are losing their own culture，but it is very difficult to stop this process.we can only try to be wise and choose 18.what is better for us to have or to buy.短文改錯(2018遼寧六校協(xié)作體高一上期中)there was a time when my sist