學(xué)人教版選修8Unit2Clone Period3Learning about language課件（64張） (1).ppt

2018學(xué)年度人教版選修8unit2cloning period3learningaboutlanguage discoveringusefulwordsandexpressions 1completethesentencesusingsuitablewordsfromthetext thefirstletterofeachwordhasbeengiven 1 inmanyaspectsnaturalclones suchasidenticaltwins donotd greatlyfromman madeones 2 hewasc downwhentheprocedurehehadusedtoproduceamammalcloneendedinfailure 3 dustwilla inadesertedhouse 4 hermemoryissoexcellentthatshecouldrememberthee names iffer ast ccumulate xact 5 shewasnota pleasedatthecorrectionshemadetoherwork 6 greydecidedtomovetothecountrysideandhiswifemadenoo toit 7 accordingtotheconstitution itiscompulsoryforacitizentou militaryservice 8 themediahasam responsibilitytoreportnewstruthfully ltogether bjections ndertake oral 2replacetheunderlinedpartswithwordsthathavethesamemeaning rewritethesentencewhennecessary 1 comparedwithherfamily andespeciallyhernephew herniecedaisyisveryhonestaboutheropinions straightforward 2 thedecisionsoftheconservativefactoryleadersthathadbeenmadewithoutanyreasoncausedangeramongtheworkers thearbitrarydecisionsofthefactoryleaderscausedangeramongtheworkers arbitrary 3 istheoperahouseinthebusinessareaofbeijing 4 theproducerofthemediaprogrammedisagreedwithjenniferjoininginthechorus commercial madeanobjectionto 5 beforeyoucanmakealoaf youneedtogetsomeflour 6 youowetheladyanapology iwillnotallowyoutoleaveunlessyouapologizeforwhatyouhavedone obtain willforbid 3completethepassageusingthecorrectformofthewordsbelow complicatedfateattaincastaccumulatereformcarrier asfreddythefroggrewolder heonlyhadoneambitionleftto tocontinuehiscareerforever todothishethoughtthathewouldhavetoclonehimself thedoctorexplainedthatthiswasa procedurethatheshouldconsidercarefully shortlyafterfreddydidsomeresearch hediscoveredthe ofdollythesheep itseemedasif attain complicated fate aclonewasa ofmoreweaknessesthanitsoriginal freddywas downandlookedforsomewayto thecloningproceduretoavoidthisproblem sadlythisseemedimpossible sofreddymadeuphismindtoenjoyhissingingandto asmanyhappyexperiencesashecouldsothatwhenheretiredhewouldbeabletolookbackonhislifewithsatisfaction carrier accumulate cast reform beboundto注定 有義務(wù)做明天天氣一定會(huì)變好 theweatherisboundtogetbettertomorrow 我覺(jué)得有必要對(duì)你說(shuō) 你酒喝得太多了 ifeelboundtotellyouthatyouaredrinkingtoomuch explanation 語(yǔ)法講解 1 同位語(yǔ)theappositive同位語(yǔ)是句子成分的一種 它位于名詞 代詞后面 說(shuō)明它們的性質(zhì)和情況 它可以由名詞 代詞 名詞性短語(yǔ)或從句充當(dāng) 同位語(yǔ)的表現(xiàn)形式有以下幾種 1 名詞tom ourmonitor isahandsomeboy 2 代詞imyselfwilldotheexperiment 3 數(shù)詞sheistheoldestamongthemsix 4 從句hetoldmethenewsthattheplanehadexploded 他告訴我飛機(jī)爆炸的消息 5 由suchas thatis引導(dǎo)somesubjects suchasmathsandphysics areverydifficulttolearn 某些學(xué)科 例如數(shù)學(xué)和物理 是很難學(xué)的 6 由of引導(dǎo)thecityofbeijinghasbeengreatlychangedsince2000 自從2000年以來(lái) 北京市發(fā)生了很大的變化 7 由or引導(dǎo)thefreezingtemperature orfreezingpoint isthetemperatureatwhichwaterfreezesunderordinarypressure 結(jié)冰溫度即冰點(diǎn) 是水在常壓下結(jié)冰時(shí)的溫度 一 指出下例句子劃線部分是什么句子成份 thereisgoingtobeachinesefilmtonight 2 sheistoleaveforshanghaitomorrow 3 herwishistobecomeateacher 練習(xí) 一 表語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 表語(yǔ) 4 he mybrother managedtofinishtheworkintime 5 tomcametoaskmeforadvice 6 wefounditimportanttolearnenglish 7 doyouhaveanythingelsetowash 同位語(yǔ) 狀語(yǔ) 形式賓語(yǔ) 定語(yǔ) 8 tobehonest yourwritingisn tsogood 9 wouldyoupleasetellmeyourname 10 theynoticedamanentertheroom 間接賓語(yǔ) 直接賓語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 插入語(yǔ) myperformanceinthedrivingtestdidn treachtherequiredstandard ifailed a intheendb afterallc inotherwordsd atthesametime2 meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment iwillalwaystreasure nmet2002 a thatb onec itd what 二 單項(xiàng)填空 c b 2 同位語(yǔ)從句theappositiveclause 1 同位語(yǔ)從句的定義在復(fù)合句中用作同位語(yǔ)的從句稱為同位語(yǔ)從句 同位語(yǔ)從句是名詞性從句的一種 它在句中起同位語(yǔ)的作用 它一般放在fact news idea truth hope problem information belief thought doubt promise question等名詞的后面 對(duì)前面的名詞作進(jìn)一步的解釋 說(shuō)明前面名詞的具體含義 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的詞有連詞that 連接副詞how when where whether what等 e g thehopethathemayrecoverisnotgoneyet theproblemwhetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasbeensolved ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback 同位語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)被別的詞把它和名詞隔開(kāi) 注意 thestorygoesthatwilliamtellkilledthekingwithanarrow wordcamethattheirteamhadwon 同位語(yǔ)從句的表現(xiàn)形式 由that引導(dǎo)thefactthatyouhaven tenoughtimetodotheworkissimplyunbelievable thehopethathemaycomehereisnotgoneyet thenewsthathehasbeenelectedpresidentoftheunitedstatesistrue thetruththatheavyobjectsandlightobjectsfallatthesamespeedisknowntoall theproblemthatshelaterdevelopedaseriouslungdiseasebotheredscientists 由whether引導(dǎo)thequestionwhetherweneedmoretimetodotheworkhasnotbeendiscussed 由when引導(dǎo)ihavenoideawhentheywillgo 有時(shí)可用namely 即 thatistosay 也就是說(shuō) inotherwords 換句話說(shuō) thatis 那就是 forexample等引出同位語(yǔ) 說(shuō)明其前面的名詞或代詞 有時(shí)同位語(yǔ)直接跟在名詞或代詞的后面 hetoldusthegoodnews namely themuseumisopentoall thereisonlyonewayofimprovingyourenglish thatis topracticemore altogetherdollyhadlivedforsixyears halfthelengthofthelifeoftheoriginalsheep 同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別 同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句在使用中常?；煜?我們可以從以下幾個(gè)方面區(qū)別它們 同位語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明的名詞大都是抽象名詞 定語(yǔ)從句所修飾 限定的名詞或代詞有抽象的也有不抽象的 weexpressthehopethattheywillcometovisitchinaagain 同位語(yǔ)從句 thosewhowanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere 定語(yǔ)從句 同位語(yǔ)從句所說(shuō)明的名詞與從句沒(méi)有邏輯關(guān)系 定語(yǔ)從句所限定的名詞是從句邏輯上的主語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ) 表語(yǔ) 定語(yǔ) 狀語(yǔ)等 thenewsthattheywonthematchistrue 同位語(yǔ)從句 news和從句沒(méi)有邏輯關(guān)系 thenewsthatyoutoldusyesterdayistrue 定語(yǔ)從句 news是told的邏輯賓語(yǔ) theorderwhenweshouldgobackhasn treachedus 同位語(yǔ)從句 order和從句沒(méi)有邏輯關(guān)系 thedaywhennewchinawasfoundedwillneverbeforgotten 定語(yǔ)從句 day是founded的邏輯狀語(yǔ) 同位語(yǔ)從句主要由連接詞that引導(dǎo) 有時(shí)也可用when where who whether等引導(dǎo) 定語(yǔ)從句由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo) thenheraisedthequestionwheretheyweretogetthemachineneeded 同 doyouknowtheplacewherehewasborn 定 同位語(yǔ)從句與先行詞一般可變成一個(gè)完整句子 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用be的不同形式 heheardthenewsthattheirteamhadwon 此句可以變?yōu)橐粋€(gè)表語(yǔ)從句 thenewswasthattheirteamhadwon 從引導(dǎo)詞來(lái)看 引導(dǎo)詞that在同位語(yǔ)從句中是連詞 只起連接作用 無(wú)具體詞義 that不可省略 that在定語(yǔ)從句中是關(guān)系代詞 它在從句中充當(dāng)一定成分 主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ) 有具體詞義 作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)還可以省略 例如 a thefactory wevisitedyesterdayisachemicalone b thenews hewillleaveforshanghaiistrue that that 定語(yǔ)從句 同位語(yǔ)從句 1 twofifthsofallgirlsinamericaareonadiet thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot thefactthattwofifthsofallgirlsinamericaareonadietworriestheirparentsandteachersalot 把下面兩個(gè)句子連成一個(gè)含同位語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句 2 thequeenofenglandwasonafour dayvisitinchina weheardthenewslastnight weheardthenewslastnightthatthequeenofenglandwasonafour dayvisitinchina 3 teenagersshouldn tspendtoomuchtimeonline manychineseparentsholdtheview manychineseparentsholdtheviewthatteenagersshouldn tspendtoomuchtimeonline 4 timetravelispossible wehavenoscientificprooffortheidea wehavenoscientificprooffortheideathattimetravelispossible 5 studentsshouldbegivenmorefreetime thesuggestioniswelcomedbymanypeople thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetimeiswelcomedbymanypeople 1 wedon tthinkyoutwohavemetbefore 我們想你們兩位以前沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)面 賓語(yǔ)從句 2 itiscertainthatjohnwilldowellinhisexam 約翰肯定會(huì)考好 主語(yǔ)從句 翻譯句子 并說(shuō)明這個(gè)名詞性從句的作用 3 whethertheyarecomingornotdon tmattertoomuch 他們來(lái)不來(lái)無(wú)關(guān)緊要 主語(yǔ)從句 4 nowiswhenweneedhimmost 現(xiàn)在是我們最需要他的時(shí)候 表語(yǔ)從句 5 ihavenoideahowshegotthroughtheforest 我不知道她是如何穿過(guò)那個(gè)森林的 同位語(yǔ)從句 6 thefactthattheywontheprizemadeushappy 他們獲獎(jiǎng)的事實(shí)令我們高興 同位語(yǔ)從句 1 ican tdecide bookishouldbuy 2 chinaisnolonger itusedtobe 3 iamveryinterestedin heimprovedhisenglishinsuchashorttime 4 weneedismoremoney 5 thetruth theearthturnsaroundthesunisknowntous 6 and wewillmeethasnotbeendecidedyet which what how what 用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接代詞或連接副詞填空 that when where 1 thenews 她通過(guò)了高考 isexciting 2 mikemadeapromise 他將幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ) thatshehaspassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination thathewouldhelpmewithmyenglish 用名詞性從句完成下列句子 thefactthatgreatbritainismadeupthreecountriesisknowntous 2 thecontinentthatconsistsoftwocountriesisdevelopingveryfast 同位語(yǔ)從句 定語(yǔ)從句 指出劃線部分是什么從句 3 thenewsthattheplanewilltakeoffontimemakeseverybodyhappy 4 thenewsthatisspreadingaroundthecountryisthataheavystormiscoming 5 thesuggestionthatweshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering 同位語(yǔ)從句 定語(yǔ)從句 表語(yǔ)從句 同位語(yǔ)從句 oneofthemheldtheview thebooksaidwasright a whatthatb thatwhatc thatd whether2 thereason hehastogois hismotherisillinbed a why whyb why becausec why thatd that because 單項(xiàng)選擇 b c 3 theyreceivedorders theworkbedonerightaway a whichb thatc d when4 ihavenoidea a howtodob whenshallwestartoutforthetripc whathashappenedtomywifed howmuchhavetheyearned b c 5 ithink certainthatshewilldowellinherexam a thatb thisisc itd what s6 thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar awayvillage a untilb thatc whend where c c 7 he sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation hewaslikelytolosecontrolovertheplane a whereb whichc whatd why8 that stheonlything hecandonow a whichb allc thatd what a c 9 informationhasbeenputforward moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities a whileb thatc whend as10 alongwiththeletterwashispromise hewouldvisitmethiscomingchristmas a whichb thatc whatd whether b b 11 hiscentralideais thelosersdonotwritehistory a xb becausec thatd whether12 tomorrowistom sbirthday haveyougotanyidea thepartyistobeheld a whatb whichc thatd where c d 13 thereisaruleinourschool nooneispermittedtosmoke a whereb whichc thatd what14 hedidn tknowwhichroom a theylivedb theylivedinc didtheylived didtheylivein c b 15 weshouldstickto istrue a whichb thatc anythingwhichd whatever16 youwillfindnomistake i vewritten a whatb inwhatc withwhatd that b d 1 thefact heusedtobeathiefisknowntoall 2 weweresurprisedbythefact shetoldus 3 thenextthing mustbedoneistomakeaplan that 同 that which 定 that 定 填入適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞 并判斷是定語(yǔ)從句還是同位語(yǔ)從句 4 wordcame ourarmyhadwonthebattle 5 thepresidenthasgivenanordereveryoneinthecountryshouldprepareforawar mightlastforseveralyears 6 we vejustheardawarningontheradio ahurricaneislikelytocome that 同 that 同 that 同 7 thereisnodoubt hehastoldalie 8 youhavenoidea anxiousiwas 9 thecoatisintheplace youleftit 10 thenarosethequestionabout weweretogetthemachinesneeded where 定 where 定 that 同 how 同 1 thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars roadconditionsneed 2009年山西 a that tobeimprovedb which tobeimprovedc where improvingd when improving a 解析 that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明 新問(wèn)題 的內(nèi)容 need后既可接動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式 也可接動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式作賓語(yǔ) 高考鏈接 答案b 這是一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從句 解釋promise的具體內(nèi)容 要用that引導(dǎo) 2 alongwiththeletterwashispromise hewouldvisitmethiscomingchristmas 2010春季上海 a whichb th