高一英語教案下學(xué)期unit15-16.doc

高三英語復(fù)習(xí)教案（8）（SB IUnits 15-16）一、單元考點提示1.單詞A advise, contain, discuss, examineB collect, control, fire, might, roof, wonder2.短語A as much as, at the end of, be rich/low in, burn up, change into, in the future, put on weight/lose weight, scores of, soft drink.B belong to, break out, catch fire, get close to, in that case, look out, lose ones life, on fire, on the 11th floor, put out3.句型結(jié)構(gòu)1. I advise you(not) to do something.2. Youd better(not) do something.3. I suggest(that) you(not) do something.4. Why not do something? / Why dont you do something?5. Find out where the nearest fire exit is as soon as you arrive at your hotel.6. Office workers tried to put out the fire, but it was impossible to control it .7. The smoke from the fire was too thick for them to be able to land on the roof.Z二、考點精析與拓展1. advise; suggestadvise 與suggest 都可作“建議”講，二者用法有同有異。(1)相同點表示建議做某事，advise與suggest都可采用下列三種句型: + 名詞 + 動名詞 + that從句（從句中常用should加動詞原形，should可以省略。）eg. He advised/ suggested an early start.He advised/ suggested (our) starting early.He advised/ suggested that we (should) start early.(注：只要是用從句表示建議該做的事，從句中就可用“should+動詞原形”，should可以省略。)上面的第三句可轉(zhuǎn)化為：It was suggested that we (should) start early.What he suggested was that we(should) start early.His suggestion was that we (should) start early.(2)不同點advise后可以跟人稱代詞作賓語，而suggest后不可以跟人稱代詞作賓語。故可以說：advise sb. to do sth.; advise sb. against (doing) sth.; advise sb. on/ about sth.; suggest(to sb.)that.前三種結(jié)構(gòu)中不可將advise改為suggest，如：他建議我們?nèi)⒂^博物館。正He advised us to go to visit the museum.誤He suggested us to go to visit the museum.誤He suggested us that we go to visit the museum.suggest還有“暗示、表明、說、指出（一個事實）”的意思。此時從句中用陳述語氣，不用虛擬語氣。如：The smile on his face suggested that he was pleased.Having examined carefully, the doctor suggested that the patient was seriously ill.(句中suggest陳述了一個事實，故用陳述語氣。)比較：Having examined carefully, the doctor suggested that the Patient be operated on at once.(句中suggest表示建議該做某事，從句中用should加動詞原形，should在從句中省略。)2. except; besides; except for+名詞/except that+句子用法區(qū)別。except 相當(dāng)于but,表示“除了以外（不包括在內(nèi)）”，常與all, nobody,everything,everybody, nowhere等表示整體概念的詞連用。besides相當(dāng)于apart from，表示“除以外（尚有）”之義。except for./except that .表示“除了”之意，引述一個相反的原因或細節(jié)，因而部分地修正了句中的主要意思。如：Your article is well written except for some grammar mistakes.你的文章寫得好，只是有幾處語法錯誤。3 in future;in the future; for the futurein future意思是“從今以后”。例如：In future,be careful with your pronunciation.今后要注意你的發(fā)音。Such a bad habit must be got rid of in future.今后成長須改掉這樣的壞習(xí)慣。in the furture意思是“將來、今后的日期”，但 不一定就是從今立即開始，而是將來的時間。例如：No one can know what will happen in the future.沒有人知道將來會發(fā)生什么事。My sister wants to be actress in the future.我妹妹將來想當(dāng)演員。for the future的意思是“就未來而論、今后”，作“今后”解時可與in future替換使用。例如：What are your plans for the future when you grow up? 你長大以后對你的未來有什么打算？For the future, well have to depend on ourselves.今后我們得依靠自己。4diet; food兩者都可作“食物”解。diet指的是習(xí)慣上吃的食物或規(guī)定要吃的食物，特指維持健康的定量或定質(zhì)的食物，如病人的療養(yǎng)飲食。food是一般用語。凡能吃喝的具有營養(yǎng)的東西都可稱food.例如：The Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in the world。中國的飲食被認是世界上最健康的飲食。Proper diet and exercise are both important to health.適當(dāng)?shù)娘嬍澈湾憻拰】刀己苤匾e is on a special diet to lose weight.他服用特別飲食以減肥。The doctor put him on a liquid diet after operation.手術(shù)之后醫(yī)生規(guī)定他吃流食。They eat different kinds of food which change into energy.他們吃的各種各樣的食物都轉(zhuǎn)化成能量。His food includes eggs, vegetables, fruit and some soft drinks.他的食物包括雞蛋、蔬菜、水果和一些軟飲料。5. exmination; exam; test; quizexamination通常只指正式的“考試”，如期末考試、入學(xué)考試等。exam是examination的縮寫，常用于口語，多為學(xué)生使用。test為“小考”成“考查”,quiz為“測驗”,特指事先無準(zhǔn)備，隨時進行的測驗，也可指（廣播節(jié)目中的）一般知識測驗、問答比賽、猜謎等。例如：He did very well in the entrance examination. 他在入學(xué)考試中成績很好。Theres going to be a physics test this afternoon.今天下午將進行物理考試。The teacher gave us a five-minute quiz.老師對我們進行了一次五分鐘的小測驗。6as.as.用法小結(jié)（1）.as+形容詞（副詞）原級+as.;not as/so+形容詞（副詞）原級+as.Their factory is as large as ours.他們的工廠和我們的一樣大。I study as hard as you.我和你一樣用功學(xué)習(xí)。He doesnt get up as/ so early as his parents.他不像他父母那樣早起床。（2）倍數(shù) + as + 形容詞（副詞）原級+as.Line AB is 3 times as long as Line CD.=Line AB is twice longer than/3 times the length of Line CD.線段AB是線段CD長的3倍。（3）as + 形容詞 + a/an + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + as; as + 形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + asShe is as good many records as possible.我們需要盡量多的唱片。There is as much sugar in it as eight pieces of sugar.其中的含糖量相當(dāng)于八塊方糖。I havet got as much money as I thought.我沒有原來想象的那么多錢。（5）as much/ many as多達，那么多On Sports Day, during the relay race, you will use most of all, perhaps as much as 650 calories an hour.在運動會上，進行接力賽跑時，你消耗的能量最多，可能每小時多達650卡。As many as 700 different languages are spoken in Africa.非洲有多達700種不同的語言。He didnt catch as many as hed hoped.他沒有捉住預(yù)想的那么多。（6）as.as possible; as. as one can The teacher should write the words on the blackboard as carefully as he can.=The teacher should write the words on the blackboard as carefully as possible.老師在黑板上應(yīng)盡可能仔細地把字寫好。Please be as friendly as possible to your friends.=Please be as friendly as you can.請對你的朋友盡可能友好。（7）as.as + 年代數(shù)字/名詞As early as 1950 I knew him.早在1950 年我就認識他了。He walked as far as the post office.他步行到郵局。（8）as/so far as I knowAs/ So for as I know, he will be away from home for 3 months.就我所知，他將要離家3個月。（9）as soon as就Please let us know as soon as you arrive in Bejing.一到北京，請通知我們一聲。（10）as well as 和；也；還有He gave me money as well as advice.他除了給我忠告外，還給我錢。He studies French as well as English.他不但學(xué)習(xí)英語，而且學(xué)習(xí)法語。（11）as/so long as 只要；如果You may use that dictionary as long as you take care of it.只要你好好保存，你可以用那本詞典。 7. be out; put outbe out 指“（燈、火）熄滅”，強調(diào)狀態(tài)。 put out 意為“熄滅、撲滅” ，強調(diào)動作。如：Is the fire out ?Office workers tried to put out the fire, but it was impossible to control it.8. catch fire; on firecatch fire 意為“著火”，表示動作。on fire 意為“著火、在燃燒”，表示狀態(tài)。如：Suddenly a pan of oil catches fire.Soon the whole floor was on fire and it was impossible for people on the floors above to escape.9. save; rescuesave意為“救、挽救”，是普通而含義廣泛的常用詞。指通過救援不但使受害者（人、動物或物）能脫離危險或禍患，而且使其在今后能安全地生存下去。有時可與rescue通用。如:He operated on her at once, and Edisons mother was saved.They fight against the enemy to save their country.rescue意為“救、營救、挽救”，多指在直接的危險或禍患中給予迅速而有效的救援，一般指救人。如：Helicopters were sent to rescue them, but it was impossible for them to get close enough.10. cloth; clothes; dresscloth指做衣服等用的“衣料、布”。一般作不可數(shù)名詞。如:I put a piece of wet cloth around my face and lay on the floor for about two hours.注：用于表達特殊用途的布，如“桌布、抹布”等時，cloth用做可數(shù)名詞。如：He washed a table cloth just now.clothes意為“衣服”，總是以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，泛指身上穿的各部分衣著，包括上衣、褲子、內(nèi)衣、背心等。如:Look at these clothes. They are on Mrs Greens clothes line.注意：（1）“一件衣服”不可說 a clothes, 應(yīng)說 an article of clothing;“一套衣服”可說a suit(set) of clothes.(2)clothes 前不可直接用數(shù)詞修飾，如不可說three clothes.(3)clothes 前可用these, those, the, many, few修飾，口語中可用much, little修飾。(4)chothes作主語時，謂語動詞只能用復(fù)數(shù)形式。dress 可用于可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞，用于可數(shù)名詞時，常指婦女、兒童服裝、內(nèi)衣或外衣等公共場合穿的衣服。用于不可數(shù)名詞時，統(tǒng)指“衣服”。該詞可作動詞，意為“給穿衣”。如：What colour is Mrs Greens dress?He could not wash himself or get dressed.II句型1. advise sb. to do sth.建議某人做某事（suggest不這樣用）。I advise you to take the chance.我建議你抓住機會。What do you advise me to do?你建議我怎么辦？I advise you not to lose heart; just keep on.我勸你不要灰心，繼續(xù)干。advise 還可同suggest一樣，后接名詞、代詞、動名詞（短語）和that從句（用虛擬語氣）作賓語。What would you advise?你有什么建議嗎？I advise you an early start我建議你早點出發(fā)。I advise holding a metting to discuss the problem.我建議召開一次會議來討論這個問題。I advise you (should) go to once.我建議你馬上去。2. had better (not) do sth.最好（不要）做某事。用來委婉地提出建議或勸告.had通用于各種人稱和數(shù)的形式.。Youd better give up smoking.It dose no good to your health.你最好把煙戒掉，吸煙對健康沒好處。she had better not come this evening .今晚她最好不要來。3.There is sth.wrong with.,.出問題了，出毛病了。相當(dāng)于sth.is wrong with.Whats wrong with you?你怎么了？There is something wrong with my back.我的背有點毛病。Is there anything wrong with yous radio?你的收音機出毛病了嗎？ Yes.It doesnt work.是的，不響了。4.by the age of/at the age of,by到時為止。表示的是一段時間，句子通常用完成時態(tài)。at在時候。表示的是具體時間點，句子通常用一般時態(tài)。By the age of ten,he had learned to play the piano.10歲的時候，他就學(xué)會了彈鋼琴。He was very clever.and at the age of 15 he went to college.他非常聰明，15歲時上大學(xué)了。By the end of this term,well have learned 2000 English words.到本學(xué)期末，我們將學(xué)會2000個英語單詞。At the end of this term,well hold an English party.在本學(xué)期末，我們將舉行一次英語晚會.5.sothat/suchthat如此以致于/結(jié)果。 adj. adv. so+ adj.+a/an+n.(單數(shù)) +that many/much/few/little+n. a/an+adj.+n.(單數(shù))such+ n.(復(fù)數(shù)) +that n.(不可數(shù)) 例句：This film is so moving that I want to see it again.這電影太動人了，我還想再看一遍。He walked so fast that I couldnt keep up with him.他走得太快，我跟不上。That we all like it very much.這本書很有 This is so interesting a book such an interesting book 意思，我們都很喜歡。 The villagers were such kind people that they all came to help us.村民們都是好心人，都前來給我們幫忙。It is such fine weather that we all want to go out for a walk.天氣這么好，我們都想出去走走。There were so many books in the shop that he didnt know which to buy.書店里書那么多，他都不知道買哪些。三、經(jīng)典名題導(dǎo)解題1 （NMET 2002）Boris has brain. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has _ IQ.A. a high B. a higher C. the higher D. the highest分析：B。higher是形容詞比較級修飾IQ，在此表示“班上沒有人有更高的智商”，因此是泛指，前面加不定冠詞。題2 (上海 1996)I suggest you _by taking this medicine.A. to lose weight B. will lose weight C. lose weight D. are losing weight分析：C。suggest 后是賓語從句，從句主語you與lose之間省略了should.題3 （NMET 1998）Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to _.A. be put up B.give in C. be turned on D. go out分析：put up 舉起、搭起、張貼等；give in 投降、屈服；turn on 開、旋開（電燈、自來水等）。go out 為不及物動詞詞組，指“（燈、火等）熄滅”。答案為D。 gone out When the firemen got there ,the fire had been put out.救火員到時，火已經(jīng)熄滅了（撲滅了）。題4 （NMET 2000春）John may phone tonight. I dont want to go out _ he phones.A. as long as B. in order C.in case D. so that分析：C。as long as只要；in order that為了;in c