譯林版高中英語選修8課件：Unit 3 Period Four Grammar and usage.ppt

unit3theworldofcoloursandlight grammarandusageinversion 在疑問句中用倒裝 didyougotovisitthelouvre whatdoyouknowaboutvangogh conclusion thepredicateorpartofit whenweuseinversion weput beforethesubject partaliminggottolondonandwroteane mailtohisparents readwhathewroteandunder linetheinversionsincludedinthetext 1 auntreallyenjoyedfranceandsodidi 2 hardlyhadweleftthedormitorythenextmorningwhenwerealizedwehadforgottenourmapintheroom 3 hadyoucomewithus ithinkyouwouldhaveenjoyedeuropetoo 4 isthereanythingspecialthaticanbringyou 倒裝句分為兩種 部分倒裝和全部倒裝部分倒裝將謂語的一部分提到主語之前全部倒裝將謂語的全部提到主語之前 部分倒裝 1 句首狀語為否定副詞或半否定副詞的句子這類詞或短語主要有 not no never neither nor few little seldom rarely hardly scarcely nosooner notonly innoway atnotime 等hedidnotlikethepainting neitherdidi neitheramiimpressedbythepaintingsnordoilikethem neverinmylifehaveiseensuchwonderfulpictures notaworddidhesayabouthisvisittotheartmuseum atnotimeduringthetourwasibored seldomdoeshepaintnow hardlyhadigottoamsterdamwhenitbegantosnow 如果上述否定副詞出現(xiàn)在強調(diào)句型中的前半部分 不用倒裝 itwasnotuntilhewentabroadthatheknowthetruthofthefact 如果hardly scarcely后面接的是any ever atall時 意義類似almostno not never 幾乎不 從不 則無須倒裝 hardlyanypeoplehavingbeeninvitedwentthere 部分倒裝 practice hardly theairportwhentheplanetookoff a ihadarrivedatb hadiarrivedc hadireachedd ihadgotto haveyoueverseenanythinglikethatbefore no anythinglikethatbefore a ineverhaveseenb neverihaveseenc neverhaveiseend ihaveseen sheisnotfondofcooking i a soamb noramc neitherd nordo 部分倒裝 2 only 狀語放在句首 要部分倒裝 onlyonsuchatripcanyoulearnasmuchabouteuropeanartists 介詞短語 onlybythismeansisitpossibletoexplainit 介詞短語 onlythendidirealizetheimportanceofmath 副詞 onlywhenthewarwasoverin1918washeable 從句 togethappilybacktowork 部分倒裝 practice onlyinthisway makeprogressinyourenglish a youb canyouc youbeabletod willyouableto onlywhenthemeetingwasover gobacktomeethisfriend a hecouldb hewasabletoc washeabletod wasabletohe 部分倒裝 3 so 也 或so such that結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)的短語放在句首soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim limingenjoyedthemuseum sodidhisgrand motherandaunt socrowdedwastheartgallerythaticouldhardlymoveabout tosuchlengthdidshegoinrehearsalthatthetwoactorswalkedout 部分倒裝 practice ilikesportsand mybrother a sodoesb soisc socand solikes thedoctortoldcharlietobreathedeeplyand a sodidcharlieb charliedidsoc charliedoessod didcharlieso soloudly that hearherclearly a didshespeak couldeveryoneb didshespeak everyonecouldc shespoke couldeveryoned shespoke everyonecould 部分倒裝 4 notonly 分句 butalso 分句 句型中的前一分句要部分倒裝 notonlydoesjohnlovechinese heisalsogoodatspeakingit notonlythemotherbutalsothechildrenaresick notonly butalso 連接主語時 不倒裝 practice himselfwrong buthisfriendswerewrong a notwasonlyheb notonlyhec notonlywashed notonlywas 部分倒裝 5 notuntil放在句首 從句不倒裝 主句倒裝 notuntillastweekdidtheyfindthelostbike 簡單句 notuntilmysonhadenteredtheuniversitydidherealizetheimportanceoftime 復(fù)合句 部分倒裝 practice notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury knowwhatheatis a mandidb manc didn tmand didman notuntilibegantowork realizehowmuchtimeihadwasted a didn tib didic ididn td i 部分倒裝 6 在以often well manyatime nowandagain等方式或頻度副詞 短語 開頭的句子中 要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu) manyatimehasjohngivenmegoodadvice oftenhavewemadethattest practice manyatime swimmingalone a theboywentb wenttheboyc didtheboygod didgotheboy tosumup部分倒裝 1 句首狀語為否定副詞或半否定詞副的句子2 only 狀語放在句首3 so 也 或so such that結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)的短語放在句首4 notonly 分句 butalso 分句 句型5 notuntil放在句首6 以often well manyatime nowandagain等方式或頻度副詞 短語 開頭的句子7 虛擬語氣中省略if時 morepractice partbonp41 invertthefollowingsentencesusingthestructureswithnegativewords 1ihaveneverseensuchbeautifulflowersinthecity 2idonothavetimetogotothemuseumtodayandialsodonotwantto 3ihadhardlystartedtolookatthepaintings whentheteachersaiditwastimetoleavethemuseum 4theartistisalwaysdrawing heisseldomseenwithoutanotebookinhishand 1neverhaveiseensuchbeautifulflowersinthecity 2neitherdoihavetimetogotothemuseumtodayandnordoiwantto 3hardlyhadistartedtolookatthepaintingswhentheteachersaiditwastimetoleavethemuseum 4theartistisalwaysdrawing seldomisheseenwithoutanotebookinhishand 全部倒裝 1 therebe結(jié)構(gòu) 另外 在此結(jié)構(gòu)中可以用來代替be動詞的動詞有 exist seem happen appear live rise stand等 therestoodadogbeforehim thereexistdifferentopinionsonthisquestion practice abeautifulpalace thefootofthehill a therestand atb therestands underc standsthere underd therestands at 全部倒裝 2 here there now then come 或be等 主語 結(jié)構(gòu) herecomestheoldlady thencamethehourwehadbeenlookingforwardto therecomesthebus nowcomesyourturn 除了then引導(dǎo)的句子常用過去式 如果表示一種生動的描述時則常用一般現(xiàn)在時 其次 如果主語是人稱代詞 就不用倒裝 如 hereyouare thereshecomes 全部倒裝 practice there andhere a goesthephone shecomesb isthephonegoing isshec doesthephonego doesshecomed thephonegoes comeshe 全部倒裝 3 表示方向的副詞out in up down等置于句首 要用全部倒裝 且主語名詞時incamemrwhite upwentthearrowintotheair awaywenttheboy practice out withastickinhishand a didherushb rushedhec herushedd hedidrush fromthetopofthebuildingwhenthepolicemanpointedthegunathim a jumpeddowntherobberb jumpedtherobberdownc downjumpedtherobberd downtherobberjumped 全部倒裝 4 分詞 代詞such be 主語 結(jié)構(gòu) walkingattheheadofthelinewasourteacher suchwasthestoryhetoldme practice amanofachievements deepthoughts butwithsimplehabits a einsteinwassuchb suchwaseinsteinc einsteinwassod sowaseinstein arethedayswhenteacherswerelookeddownupon a goneb goc togod going 全部倒裝 5 表示地點的介詞短語 如onthewall underthetree infrontofthehouse inthemiddleoftheroom等 放在句首時且主語名詞時 要全部倒裝 onthetopofthehillstandsapinetree infrontoftheclassroomisaplayground practice nearthechurch cottage a wassuchanoldb hadasooldc wassucholdad issoanold 全部倒裝 6 句首為直接引語時 i dliketocomebackandseemonet sgarden saidmyaunt this saidtheartist isthemostbeautifulplaceihaveeverseen 7 當(dāng)主語較長 謂語很短時 為了使句子平衡把某一成分放在句首 主謂全部倒裝 gonearemyfriendsfromthecottonfieldsaway presentattheconferenceweregeneralmanager vice generalmanagersand215directors tosumup 1 therebe exist seem happen appear live rise stand 結(jié)構(gòu) 2 here there now then come be 主語 結(jié)構(gòu) 3 方向副詞out in up down等置于句首且主語名詞時4 分詞 代詞such be 主語 結(jié)構(gòu) 5 表示地點的介詞短語 如onthewall underthetree infrontofthehouse inthemiddleoftheroom等 放在句首時 且主語名詞時6 句首為直接引語時7 句子平衡 全部倒裝 部分提前主謂不倒裝 1 由as however nomatterhow though和be引起的讓步狀語從句主謂不倒裝 只須把形容詞 副詞 分詞 實義動詞提前提到as前 且單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞提到主語前時不帶冠詞 tiredashewas hekeptonrunning tryasimight icouldn tliftthebox childashewas hecouldworkouttheproblem howeverharditry ican tunderstandthequestion closethoughtheunionofsmallparticlesis wehavefoundwaysofbreakingthem betheraineversoheavy iwillgotherenow practice he shonest a asheispoorb poorishec poorasheisd poorasishe 2 表示祝愿的句子中的may倒裝mayourcountrybecomeprosperousandstrong morepractice 1 cometoourcountryastoday a foreignguestswhohaveneverb neversomanyforeignguestshavec neverhavesomanyforeignguestsd theforeignguestsaren tever2 thathecouldnotspeakforalongtime a sofrightenedwasheb sofrightenedhewasc washesofrightenedd frightenedwashe3 manyatime goodadvice a givesmehisb hegivesmec igivehimd doeshegiveme 4 rarely sodifficultachoice a shecouldhavefacedwithb couldhaveshefacedwithc shecouldhavebeenfacedwithd couldshehavebeenfacedwith5 inaphycialchangenonewsubstanceisformed inthecompositionofmater a nordoesanychangetakeplaceb noranychangetakesplacec notanychangetakesplaced eitheranychangetakeplace6 onlyinafewcountries areasonablestandardofliving a thewholeofthepopulationenjoyb thewholeofthepopulationenjoysc doesthewholeofthepopulationenjoyd hasawholeofthepopulationenjoy 7 seldom tocomeovertohaveachatwithhiminthosedays a haveihavetimeb didihavetimec ihavetimed ihavegottime8 tomorrowwillbesunday a soitwillb sowillitc eitheritwilld eitherwillit9 little thatthedistrictwasveryrichinresources a wesuspectectedb wedidsuspectc didwesuspectd dowesuspect 10 theteacherisnottoohappywiththestudent and ishisfather a notb nei