商業(yè)銀行的經(jīng)營評價(jià)英文版.ppt

第二章商業(yè)銀行經(jīng)營評價(jià) 第二章商業(yè)銀行經(jīng)營評價(jià) BalanceSheetIncomeStatementRelationshipbetweenBalanceSheetandIncomeStatementReturnonEquityModel股份制商業(yè)銀行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評級體系 04年2月22日 PerformanceCharacteristicsofDifferent sizedBanks BalanceSheet Itisastatementoffinancialpositionlistingassetsowned liabilitiesowed andowner sequityasofaspecificdate Assets Liabilities Equity Balancesheetfiguresarecalculatedataparticularpointintimeandthusrepresentstockvalues ChinaBigFourBanks 12 31 2002 v s AllUSBanks 12 31 2002 PNCBank 12 31 2000 TA 63bn v s CommunityNationalBank 12 31 00 TA 0 1bn BankAssets Loans Loansarethemajorassetinmostbanks portfoliosandgeneratethegreatestamountofincomebeforeexpensesandtaxes Theyalsoexhibitthehighestdefaultriskandarerelativelyilliquid Loans Categories RealestateloansCommercialloansLoanstoindividualsAgriculturalloansOtherloansindomesticofficesLoansandleasesinforeignofficesThreeadjustmentsLeases Unearnedincome Lossallowance PNCandCNB Loanportfolio 2000 BankAssets Investmentsecurities Investmentsecuritiesareheldtoearninterest helpmeetliquidityneedsspeculateoninterestratemovementsserveaspartofabank sdealerfunctions Theadministrationandtransactioncostsareextremelylow BankAssets Investmentsecurities Short terminvestmentsInterest bearingbankbalances depositsduefromotherbanks federalfundssoldsecuritiespurchasedunderagreementtoresell RPs TreasurybillsmunicipaltaxwarrantsLong terminvestment notesandbondsTreasurysecuritiesObligationsoffederalagenciesMortgage backed foreign andcorporate BankAssets Noninterestcashandduefrombanks Itconsistsofvaultcash depositsheldatFederalReserveBanksdepositsheldatotherfinancialinstitutionscashitemsintheprocessofcollectionTheseassetsareheldtomeetcustomerwithdrawalneedsmeetlegalreserverequirementsassistincheckclearingandwiretransferseffectthepurchaseandsaleofTreasurysecurities BankAssets Otherassets Otherassetsareresidualassetsofrelativelysmallmagnitudessuchasbankersacceptancespremisesandequipmentotherrealestateownedandothersmalleramounts BankLiabilities Thecharacteristicsofvariousdebtinstrumentsdifferintermsofcheck writingcapabilitiesinterestpaidmaturitywhethertheycarryFDICinsurancewhethertheycanbetradedinthesecondarymarket Bankliabilities Deposits DemanddepositstransactionsaccountsthatpaynointerestNegotiableordersofwithdrawal NOWs andautomatictransfersfromsavings ATS accountspayinterestsetbyeachbankwithoutfederalrestrictionsMoneymarketdepositaccounts MMDAs paymarketrates butacustomerislimitedtonomorethansixchecksorautomatictransferseachmonth Bankliabilities Deposits Twogeneraltimedepositscategoriesexist Timedepositsinexcessof 100 000 labeledjumbocertificatesofdeposit CDs SmallCDs consideredcoredepositswhichtendtobestabledepositsthataretypicallynotwithdrawnovershortperiodsoftime DepositsheldinforeignofficesbalancesissuedbyabanksubsidiarylocatedoutsidetheU S Coredoposits Coredepositsarestabledepositsthatarenothighlyinterestrate sensitive Coredepositsaremoresensitivetothefeescharged servicesrendered andlocationofthebank Coredepositsinclude demanddeposits NOWaccounts MMDAs andsmalltimedeposits Borrowings volatilefunds Large orvolatile borrowingsareliabilitiesthatarehighlyrate sensitive Normallyissuedinuninsureddenominations Theirabilitytoborrowissensitivetothemarketsperceptionoftheirassetquality Volatileliabilitiesornetnon coreliabilitiesinclude largeCDs over100 000 depositsinforeignofficesfederalfundspurchasedrepurchaseagreementsotherborrowingswithmaturitieslessthanoneyear Capital Subordinatednotesanddebentures Notesandbondswithmaturitiesinexcessofoneyear Long termuninsureddebt Mostmeetrequirementsasbankcapitalforregulatorypurposes Unlikedeposits thedebtisnotfederallyinsuredandclaimsofbondholdersaresubordinatedtoclaimsofdepositors Capital Stockholders equity Ownershipinterestinthebank CommonandpreferredstockarelistedatparSurplusaccountrepresentstheamountofproceedsreceivedbythebankinexcessofparwhenitissuedthestock IncomeStatement Itisafinancialstatementshowingasummaryofafirm sfinancialoperationsforaspecificperiod includingnetprofitorlossfortheperiodinquestion Abank sincomestatementreflectsthefinancialnatureofbanking asinterestonloansandinvestmentscomprisesthebulkofrevenue Netinterestincomemadeupapproximately77percentofnetrevenueatabankin1981 butonlyabout58percentoftotalnetrevenueattheendof2001 TheIncomestatement Interestincome II Interestexpense IE NetinterestIncome NII Noninterestincome OI Noninterestexpense OE Loan lossprovisions PLL Operatingincomebeforesecuritiestransactionsandtaxes Realizedgainsorlosses Pretaxnetoperatingincome Taxes Netincome burden Interestincome thesumofinterestandfeesearnedonallofabank sassets Interestincomeincludesinterestfrom LoansDepositsheldatotherinstitutionsMunicipalandtaxablesecuritiesInvestmentandtradingaccountsecurities Interestexpense thesumofinterestpaidonallinterest bearingliabilities Itincludesinterestpaidtotransactionsaccounts NOW ATS andMMDA timeandsavingsdepositsshort termnon coreliabilitieslong termdebtInterestincomelessinterestexpenseisnetinterestincome NII Noninterestincome TrustorfiduciaryincomereflectswhatabankearnsfromoperatingatrustdepartmentFeesanddepositservicechargesreflectchargesoncheckingaccountactivity safe depositboxes andmanyothertransactions TradingrevenuesreflectcommissionsandprofitsorgainsfromoperatingatradingaccountOtherforeigntransactionsOthernoninterestincome Noninterestexpense Personnelexpense SalariesandfringebenefitspaidtobankemployeesOccupancyexpense RentanddepreciationonequipmentandpremisesOtheroperatingexpenses UtilitiesandDepositinsurancepremiums Loan lossprovisions PLL Representmanagement sestimateofpotentiallostrevenuefrombadloans Itissubtractedfromnetinterestincomeinrecognitionthatsomeofthereportedinterestincomeoverstateswhatwillactuallybereceivedwhensomeoftheloansgointodefault Charge offsindicateloansthatabankformallyrecognizesasuncollectableandcharges offagainstthelossreserve Loan lossprovisions PLL Thereserve smaximumsizeisdeterminedbytax Provisionsforloanlosses ReserveforLoanLosses Recoveries Chargeoffs TaxLaw Incomestatement PNC CNB 2000 Interestincome II 72 92 Interestexpense IE 38 27 NetinterestIncome NII Noninterestincome OI 27 8 Noninterestexpense OE 35 46 Loan lossprovisions PLL 2 1 1 7 Operatingincomebeforesecuritiestransactionsandtaxes Realizedgainsorlosses0 3 0 Pretaxnetoperatingincome Taxes8 5 8 6 Netincome16 3 16 0 Realizedsecuritiesgains orlosses Theyarisewhenabanksellssecuritiesfromitsinvestmentportfolioatpricesabove orbelow theinitialoramortizedcosttothebank Generally securitieschangeinvalueasinterestrateschange butthegainsorlossesareunrealized meaningthatthebankhasnotsoldthesecuritiestocapturethechangeinvalue Relationshipbetweenbalancesheetandincomestatement Thecompositionofassetsandliabilitiesandtherelationshipsbetweendifferentinterestratesdeterminenetinterestincome Themixofdepositsbetweenconsumerandcommercialcustomersaffectstheservicesprovidedandthusthemagnitudeofnoninterestincomeandnoninterestexpense Theownershipofnonbanksubsidiariesincreasesfeeincomebutoftenraisesnoninterestexpense Relationshipbetweenbalancesheetandincomestatement Expensesandloanlossesdirectlyeffectthebalancesheet Thegreaterthesizeofloanportfolio thegreaterisoperatingoverheadandPLL Consumerloansareusuallysmallerandhencemoreexpensive non interest perdollarofloans Returnonequity ROE NI TE thebasicmeasureofstockholders returns ROEiscomposedoftwoparts ReturnonAssets ROA NI TA representsthereturnstotheassetsthebankhasinvestedin EquityMultiplier EM TA TE thedegreeoffinancialleverageemployedbythebank Returnonassets ROA NI TA canbedecomposedintotwoparts Assetutilization AU incomegeneration Expenseratio ER expensecontrol ROA AU ER TR TA TE TA TR totalrevenueortotaloperatingincome Int inc non int inc SG L TE totalexpenses Int exp non int exp PLL Taxes INCOME ReturntotheBankROA NI TA EXPENSES Rate Composition mix Volume Interest Overhead Prov forLL Taxes FeesandServCharge Trust Other Rate Composition mix Volume Interest NonInterest SalariesandBenefits Occupancy Other BankPerformanceModel ReturnstoShareholdersROE NI TE DegreeofLeverageEM 1 TA TE Assetutilization AU TR TA theabilitytogenerateincome InterestIncome TAAssetyields rate Interestincomeasset i amountofasset i Compositionofassets mix amountasset i TAVolumeofEarningAssetsEarningassets TANoninterestincome TAFeesandServiceChargesSecuritiesGains Losses Otherincome Expenseratio ER Exp TA theabilitytocontrolexpenses Interestexpense TACostperliability rate Int exp liab j amt liab j Compositionofliabilities amt ofliab j TAVolumeofdebtandequityNon interestexpenses TASalariesandemployeebenefits TAOccupancyexpenses TAOtheroperatingexpense TAProvisionsforloanlosses TATaxes TA Otheraggregateprofitabilitymeasures NetinterestmarginNIM NII earningassets EA SpreadSpread intinc EA intexp intbear Liab EarningsbaseEB EA TABurden TA Noninterestexp Noninterestincome TAEfficiencyratioNonint Exp Netint Inc Nonint Inc Financialratios PNC 2000 股份制商業(yè)銀行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評級體系 駱駝氏體系CAMELS資本 Capital 20 資產(chǎn) Asset 20 管理 Management 25 盈利 Earnings 20 流動性 Liquidity 15 敏感性 Sensitivity 0 資本 Capital C signalstheabilitytomaintaincapitalcommensuratewiththenatureandextentofalltypesofriskandtheabilityofmanagementtoidentify measure monitor andcontroltheserisks 資本 Capital 定量指標(biāo) 60分 資本充足率 30分 10 核心資本充足率 30分 6 定性因素 40分 資本的構(gòu)成和質(zhì)量 6分 銀行整體財(cái)務(wù)狀況及其對資本的影響 8分 資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量及其對資本的影響 8分 銀行增加資本的能力 8分 銀行對資本的管理情況 10分 資產(chǎn) Asset A reflectstheamountofexistingcreditriskassociatedwiththeloanandinvestmentportfolioaswellasoffbalancesheetactivities 資產(chǎn) Asset 定量指標(biāo) 60分 不良貸款率 15分 5 以下估計(jì)貸款損失率 10分 3 以下最大單一客戶 集團(tuán)客戶授信比率 10分 6 15 撥備覆蓋率 20分 100 非信貸資產(chǎn)損失率 5分 2 以下 資產(chǎn) Asset 續(xù) 定性因素 40分 不良資產(chǎn)變動趨勢及其影響 5分 貸款行業(yè)集中度及其影響 5分 信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的程序 制度及其有效性 10分 貸款風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分類制度的健全性和有效性 10分 保證貸款和抵 質(zhì) 押貸款及其管理狀況 5分 非信貸資產(chǎn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理狀況 5分 管理 Management M reflectstheadequacyoftheboardofdirectorsandseniormanagementsystemsandprocedurestoidentify measure monitor andcontrolrisks 管理 Management 銀行公司治理狀況 公司治理的合理性和有效性 50分 基本結(jié)構(gòu) 10分 三會 獨(dú)立董事 外部監(jiān)事決策機(jī)制 10分 股東 董事會執(zhí)行機(jī)制 10分 高管素質(zhì) 團(tuán)隊(duì)精神監(jiān)督機(jī)制 10分 獨(dú)立董事 監(jiān)事激勵約束機(jī)制及問責(zé) 10分 掛鉤內(nèi)部控制狀況 50分 內(nèi)部控制環(huán)境與內(nèi)部控制文化 10分 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)識別與評估 10分 控制行為與職責(zé)分工 10分 信息交流與溝通 10分 監(jiān)督與糾正 10分 盈利 Earnings E reflectsnotonlythequantityandtrendinearnings butalsothefactorsthatmayaffectthesustainabilityorqualityofearnings 盈利 Earnings 定量指標(biāo) 60分 資產(chǎn)利潤率 15分 1 資本利潤率 15分 20 利息回收率 15分 95 資產(chǎn)費(fèi)用率 15分 0 75 以下 2 為0定性因素 40分 銀行的成本費(fèi)用和收入狀況以及盈利水平和趨勢 15分 銀行盈利的質(zhì)量 以及銀行盈利對業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展與資產(chǎn)損失準(zhǔn)備提取的影響 15分 財(cái)務(wù)預(yù)決算體系 財(cái)務(wù)管理的健全性和有效性 10分 流動性 Liquidity L reflectstheadequacyo