八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力解題技巧.doc..doc

八年級(jí)聽(tīng)力部分解題技巧一、如何提高聽(tīng)力理解能力和做好聽(tīng)力題？1.學(xué)會(huì)預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)測(cè)是在做聽(tīng)力理解之前根據(jù)各種暗示,如所給答案選項(xiàng),段落或?qū)υ挊?biāo)題等已有知識(shí)，對(duì)即將聽(tīng)到的段落或?qū)υ拑?nèi)容進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)。(1)從答案選項(xiàng)中預(yù)測(cè)Q: What does Tom do?A. Hes a truck driver. B. Hes a ship captain. C. Hes a pilot.錄音原文：W：Tom flew to Anchorage last night，then took some passengers from there to Dollars .M: Yeah, but he couldnt land because the airport in Dollars was snowed in.從選項(xiàng)看，問(wèn)題應(yīng)是關(guān)于職業(yè)方面的，再?gòu)膄lew，passengers，airport這些信息詞中可知道Tom的職業(yè)。(2)從說(shuō)話人口氣預(yù)測(cè)在A，B兩人的對(duì)話中，如果B是附和或贊成，往往說(shuō)“Yes”，“I agree”，“Sure”，“I think so”等。但如A用否定句，B表同意時(shí)則用“No”，“Neither / Nor”等。2.做簡(jiǎn)要筆記聽(tīng)錄音時(shí)快速，準(zhǔn)確，簡(jiǎn)要地記下有關(guān)信息(包括數(shù)字，人名，地名，關(guān)鍵詞)，前提是不要影響跟聽(tīng)速度，采用自己習(xí)慣的符號(hào)。例：How much will the man pay for the tickets？ A.$18 B. $24 C. $30原文：W：Tickets for the movie are $ 6 for adults, half price for children. M: All right, Id like three tickets for adults and two tickets for children, please. 筆記可簡(jiǎn)化為：$ 6 A (代表adult)，C，3A+2C 或6 A(3)+ half Chil(2)3.聽(tīng)清數(shù)據(jù)，簡(jiǎn)要記下，加以運(yùn)算。在獲取時(shí)間信息時(shí)，不要誤把會(huì)話中提到的時(shí)間簡(jiǎn)單確定為問(wèn)題的答案。聽(tīng)力考查時(shí)間時(shí)往往要進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的時(shí)間換算。At what time does the train to Leeds leave?A. 3:00 B. 3:15 C. 5:00錄音原文：W：Excuse me，could you tell me when the next train to Manchester is？M：Sure. Well，its 3 now. The next train to Manchester leaves in 2 hours, but you can take the train to Leeds which leaves in 15 minutes, and then get off at Manchester on the way. 對(duì)話中提到了三個(gè)時(shí)間Its 3 now, in 2 hours , in 15 minutes.現(xiàn)在是3點(diǎn)，開(kāi)往Manchester的火車(chē)要兩小時(shí)后才開(kāi)，即The train to Manchester leaves in 2 hours。若簡(jiǎn)單機(jī)械地把3點(diǎn)和2點(diǎn)相加，會(huì)得出火車(chē)5點(diǎn)才開(kāi)的錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)C。數(shù)字類(lèi)問(wèn)題分兩種：辨別類(lèi)和計(jì)算類(lèi)(1)要注意區(qū)分-teen和-ty及four和five的發(fā)音；辨別多位數(shù)，如電話號(hào)碼，門(mén)牌等(2) 計(jì)算時(shí)間，錢(qián)款，距離，年齡,人或物的數(shù)量等；聽(tīng)出數(shù)字間的關(guān)系，更要聽(tīng)清問(wèn)題，因?yàn)閷?duì)運(yùn)算方法的要求通常寓于問(wèn)題中；注意more，less，as much(many)as，another，double, to，past，quarter；記住時(shí)間是60進(jìn)制如出現(xiàn)幾個(gè)數(shù)字，應(yīng)注意鑒別問(wèn)的是那一個(gè)。例：At what time does the office open ? A.At 8:15 B. At 8: 30 C. At 7:45聽(tīng)力原文：M：I wonder why the office is still not open. W: But its not yet eight. In fact, its only a quarter to eight.常見(jiàn)的數(shù)字類(lèi)型的表達(dá)：(1) 關(guān)于年份的讀法有下列幾種情形：a. 一般情況下,將表示年份的四個(gè)數(shù)字按前后分為兩組,每一組的數(shù)字都按基數(shù)詞來(lái)讀.例如：1865年讀作 eighteen sixty-five 1998年讀作 nineteen ninety-eightb. 如果前兩個(gè)數(shù)字為非“零”數(shù)字,后兩位數(shù)分別為“零”,則先讀出前兩位數(shù),然后將后面的兩個(gè)“零”讀為 hundred.例如：1900年讀作 nineteen hundred 1800年讀作 eighteen hundredc. 第三個(gè)數(shù)字為“零”（其他數(shù)字不是“零”）的年份的讀法應(yīng)當(dāng)將該“零”讀為Ou.例如： 1809年讀作 eighteen O nined. 關(guān)于千年的一些讀法. 2000年讀作 two thousand 2008年讀作 two thousand and eight 2015年讀作 two thousand and fifteen (或者twenty fifteen)(2) 日期的表達(dá)法1988年5月1日 寫(xiě)作：May 1st, 1988 讀作: 也可寫(xiě)作1st May, 1988 讀作: 一月（Jan.） 二月（Feb.） 三月(Mar.) 四月(Apr.) 五月(May) 六月(Jun.) 七月(Jul.) 八月(Aug.) 九月(Sep.) 十月(Oct.) 十一月（Nov.） 十二月(Dec.) 1st. =first 2nd=second 3rd= third 4th=fourth 5th=fifth 6th.=sixth 7th=seventh 8th= eighth 9th=ninth 10th=tenth 21st 22nd 23rd 24th 25th .31st(3) 鐘點(diǎn)時(shí)間的讀法： 7:00讀作 8:15讀作9:30讀作 10:03讀作9:45讀作 10:55 讀作 半小時(shí) half an hour 一個(gè)半小時(shí) one hour and a half(4) 電話號(hào)碼的讀法讀電話號(hào)碼時(shí)，每個(gè)數(shù)字一一讀出，“o”英式讀ou；美式則讀zero。英國(guó)人在讀兩個(gè)相同數(shù)字時(shí)，通常讀成double，例如：3456638讀作：threefourfive，doublesixthreeeight3074922讀作：threeohseven，fourninedoubletwo而美式則讀成：threezeroseven，fourninetwotwo (5) 門(mén)牌號(hào) 門(mén)牌號(hào)遇三位數(shù)分別讀出各數(shù)字，遇四位數(shù)時(shí)則分成兩半來(lái)讀。例如： Room 302讀作：Room three Oh twothree zero two3491 King Street讀作：thirty-four ninety-one King Street4.抓住關(guān)鍵，對(duì)癥下藥聽(tīng)力考試常出現(xiàn)以Where提問(wèn)的問(wèn)句，考生要通過(guò)對(duì)話的具體情節(jié)和背景判斷對(duì)話發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，特定場(chǎng)景的用語(yǔ)和關(guān)鍵詞是基本固定的，考生要對(duì)此多了解，熟悉明白。在遇到Where does the conversation take place？/ Where does sb. work？/ Whats his job？之類(lèi)的問(wèn)題時(shí)，就會(huì)派上用場(chǎng)。如：restaurant： menu，bill，order，tip，hamburger，beer，souphotel： luggage，single room，double room，room number，check in(out)hospital： take medicine，temperature，pill，headache，fever, examinepost office： mail，deliver，stamp，envelope，parcelairport： flight，take off，land，luggagerailway station： round trip，single trip，sleeping carstore： on sale，size，wear，color，style, price，change , bargain，fitschool： professor，exam，course，term, dining hall，playgroundlibrary： librarian，renew，date，shelf, magazine, seat對(duì)于簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話，要根據(jù)問(wèn)題的類(lèi)型，從第二個(gè)講話者的答語(yǔ)中來(lái)捕捉關(guān)鍵詞如：Whats the man going to do? A. Run to the airport. B. Wait for another bus. C. Hurry to get the next bus.根據(jù)選項(xiàng)看，對(duì)話似乎與bus有關(guān)，主要信息捕捉范圍是在“Hurry”或“Run”和“Wait”之間。聽(tīng)音范圍明顯縮小。錄音原文 M：Excuse me，can you tell me when the next bus leave for the airport？W：It leaves in three minutes. If you run, you might catch it.關(guān)鍵詞“run”和“catch”正好對(duì)上答案C的“Hurry”和“get”。5.果斷選題，學(xué)會(huì)放棄相信第一感覺(jué)，當(dāng)機(jī)立斷，決不能反反復(fù)復(fù)，甚至影響后面的答題切記不可因某個(gè)小題未聽(tīng)懂而患得患失，不可因一題失多題，造成一步跟不上，步步踏空的結(jié)果。注意做題方法。在做聽(tīng)力題時(shí)，一定要做到聽(tīng)前先把聽(tīng)力試卷全部看一遍，尤其是聽(tīng)對(duì)話和聽(tīng)短文這兩種類(lèi)型，以大概掌握主題內(nèi)容，縮小聽(tīng)力范圍；聽(tīng)第一遍時(shí)，不要急于做答，應(yīng)仔細(xì)把全文聽(tīng)完，盡可能弄明白文章在講什么；聽(tīng)第二遍的過(guò)程中，可以適當(dāng)?shù)刈鲆恍┯涗?，如：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、數(shù)字、人物、天氣等等，同時(shí)把可能正確的答案做上記號(hào)，檢驗(yàn)核對(duì)。 總之，聽(tīng)力部分的解題技巧可以總結(jié)如下：1、考生心理素質(zhì)尤為重要，要有自信心，沉著冷靜，靜心收聽(tīng)，注意力要集中。2、 在做題前一定要快速瀏覽一遍題目和選項(xiàng)，以便聽(tīng)時(shí)有所側(cè)重；3、將沒(méi)聽(tīng)清楚的詞或句子放過(guò)去，不要影響了下一道題；4、在測(cè)試過(guò)程中要有積極、主動(dòng)、有意識(shí)、有選擇的去聽(tīng)；5、平時(shí)加強(qiáng)訓(xùn)練。二、聽(tīng)力題型及解答技巧初中英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力測(cè)試一般考查考生對(duì)日期、天氣、人物、特征、地點(diǎn)、圖表以及具體事件的整體理解和反應(yīng)能力。主要題型有：聽(tīng)音辨詞，聽(tīng)句子選擇圖畫(huà)，聽(tīng)句子選擇答語(yǔ)，句子理解，對(duì)話理解、短文理解、聽(tīng)音填詞等。（1）聽(tīng)音辨詞：這類(lèi)試題主要是通過(guò)聽(tīng)單詞或句子對(duì)近音詞、同音詞或近義詞進(jìn)行考查。這要求考生一定要聽(tīng)清楚發(fā)音相近或易混淆的音素，如：sheep與ship，house與horse，除聽(tīng)清楚發(fā)音外，還得聽(tīng)懂句意，根據(jù)句意來(lái)選擇符合句意的同音詞。如： The earth goes around the _. (c) a、son b、some c、sun My English teacher has a little _. (a) a、son b、some c、sun（2）聽(tīng)句子選擇圖畫(huà)：做這類(lèi)試題，要求考生首先將給出的圖畫(huà)看清楚，了解圖畫(huà)的大致意思，這樣在聽(tīng)句子時(shí)才不至于手足無(wú)措。另外在聽(tīng)句子時(shí)，尤其要注意其中的名詞和動(dòng)詞。（3）聽(tīng)句子選擇答語(yǔ)：這類(lèi)試題主要考查考生運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行交際的能力，通過(guò)聽(tīng)句子和對(duì)句子的理解，從所給的選項(xiàng)中選擇出適當(dāng)?shù)拇鹫Z(yǔ)。如：whats the date today？ (a) a、march 12 b、Monday c、9:00在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中要多留意常用的交際用語(yǔ)，這對(duì)做好這類(lèi)試題很有幫助。（4）句子理解：這類(lèi)試題主要是考查考生對(duì)句子的理解程度，要求考生從所給出的答案中選出與所聽(tīng)句子意思相同或相近的選項(xiàng)。在做這類(lèi)試題時(shí)要求考生一定要注意所給句子中表示動(dòng)作、時(shí)間的詞語(yǔ)。（5）對(duì)話理解：這類(lèi)試題主要有三種類(lèi)型：一是聽(tīng)對(duì)話和問(wèn)題選擇適當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢福欢锹?tīng)對(duì)話和問(wèn)題選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膱D畫(huà)；三是根據(jù)所聽(tīng)到的對(duì)話內(nèi)容用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語(yǔ)完成句子。它考查考生對(duì)對(duì)話內(nèi)容和情景的理解。同學(xué)們?cè)谧鲞@類(lèi)試題時(shí)一定要先將選項(xiàng)游覽一遍，看清它們之間的區(qū)別。在聽(tīng)的時(shí)候要注意對(duì)話中的人物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、數(shù)字、原因等，可以做一些簡(jiǎn)單的記錄。有些試題難度較大，只有在全部聽(tīng)完之后才能得出正確答案。（6）短文理解：這類(lèi)試題主要是考查考生對(duì)整篇文章的理解和判斷能力，一般以選擇正確答案或判斷正誤兩種形式出現(xiàn)。聽(tīng)短文要注意聽(tīng)大意，要善于捕捉整體信息，切莫一個(gè)詞一個(gè)詞地聽(tīng)，也不要聽(tīng)一句就翻譯一句，更不必因一個(gè)詞或一個(gè)短語(yǔ)沒(méi)聽(tīng)懂就停步不前。(一)、在聽(tīng)短文之前應(yīng)該將所給的題目及選項(xiàng)流覽一遍，做到對(duì)短文的基本了解，同時(shí)帶著短文后的要求和指令去聽(tīng)。(二)、聽(tīng)的短文通常是結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊的故事，選用大多是圍繞who , when , where , what , how 或why所設(shè)的問(wèn)題。因此，在聽(tīng)的時(shí)候應(yīng)緊緊圍繞選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容作些速記，記下關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)，理清線索，抓好前后聯(lián)系，最后才準(zhǔn)確作出答案。如遇到生詞要根據(jù)上下文去猜或跳過(guò)，等全文聽(tīng)完后再去思考它。千萬(wàn)不能因小失大，影響整篇文章的理解和分析。 （7）聽(tīng)音填詞：這類(lèi)試題主要有兩種考查形式：一是根據(jù)所聽(tīng)的句子填寫(xiě)句中的空白；二是根據(jù)所聽(tīng)的短文用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語(yǔ)填空。聽(tīng)寫(xiě)時(shí)要注意前后提示，有的被聽(tīng)寫(xiě)的詞可能就出現(xiàn)在短文中，這時(shí)可快速做一個(gè)符號(hào)，以便擠出時(shí)間聽(tīng)寫(xiě)其它空白。聽(tīng)寫(xiě)完后，還應(yīng)檢查一下，看用詞是否有誤、大小寫(xiě)、單復(fù)數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)等有無(wú)錯(cuò)誤。 請(qǐng)看以下例題：（1）聽(tīng)短文，選擇正確的答案：（ ）1、Mike got up at about _one cloudy morning. A.7:15 B.6:45 C.6:15 D.7:45 （ ）2、He put his books into the bag after he_. A. left the house B. saw his friend C. got to school D. washed his face （ ）3、He left home_. A. without breakfast B. after a quick breakfast C. with his brother D. with his sister （ ）4、On his way, he met his best friend,_. A. Jim B. Tom C. Bob D. John （ ）5、Both of them _ that morning. A. went to school late B. played on way to school C. were late for class D. forgot that they had no class 錄音原文： It was a cloudy morning. Mike woke up and suddenly found it was already 6:45.Its very late, he thought. He got up quickly, jumped out of the bed, washed his face, put his books into the bag, and ran out of the house without breakfast. On his way, he met his best friend Bob. Bob, we must hurry up, or well be late. he said. Then they ran all the way to school. When they got there, they found that they had no class that day. At that moment they remembered it was Saturday. （分析）本題在聽(tīng)短文，選擇正確答案的題型中屬于較容易題。同學(xué)們?cè)诼?tīng)本題前，通過(guò)先快速瀏覽試題所給的5個(gè)問(wèn)題及選項(xiàng)，根據(jù)所提供的信息，可以推測(cè)出短文所涉及的內(nèi)容是關(guān)于麥克一天早晨如何匆匆忙忙地趕去學(xué)校上課的情景。5個(gè)問(wèn)題的內(nèi)容分別涉及Mike幾點(diǎn)起床；什么時(shí)間才把書(shū)放進(jìn)書(shū)包；他是否吃了早飯上學(xué)；在路上他碰到了誰(shuí)以及那天早晨他究竟出了什么差錯(cuò)。帶著這些聽(tīng)前分析的問(wèn)題開(kāi)始聽(tīng)錄音。第一遍聽(tīng)音時(shí)只聽(tīng)不記，把注意力集中在有關(guān)問(wèn)題的內(nèi)容上，把握全文大意。第二遍聽(tīng)音時(shí)邊聽(tīng)邊看邊記，重點(diǎn)把短文中有關(guān)內(nèi)容與相關(guān)的題目對(duì)上號(hào)，分析判斷后就能很快選出正確的答案，即：1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.D。 最后對(duì)所選定的答案進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證復(fù)查，以避免疏忽造成的錯(cuò)誤。（2）聽(tīng)短文，選擇正確答案：（ ）1. What did the man have to do in the morning? A. He fed the chickens. B. He cleaned the bath-room. C. He carried water for the family.（ ）2.Why did the man go to school on foot? A. No bus ran in the direction. B. The school was near. C. His family was poor. （ ）3.What did the man do every Sunday? A. He was taken to church three times. B. He stayed at home all day. C. He played in the street.（ ）4.What can we learn from what the speaker said? A. He is a retired teacher of history. B. He thinks children were happier in the past. C. He lives on a farm far away from cities.錄音原文：Now, you want to know about life in the past, right? I can tell you. When I was a boy, things were different. I had to get up at six every morning. That was not very bad in summer, but in winter it was cold. And we didnt have any hot water in the house. We had to wash in cold water. We didnt have a bath-room. My dad had some chickens. I had