Unit 13 Marriage Words and Expressions綜合教程四.doc

UNIT 13 MARRIAGEWords and Expressionsbeset: v. (of a problem or difficulty) trouble (sb. or sth.) persistentlye.g. problems besetting the country The maintenance of an effective incomes policy is beset with problems.Collocation: be beset with/bySynonym: afflicte.g. A nightmare afflicts me from time to time. Unemployment afflicts 1.2 million workers in that country.rosy: a. likely to be satisfactory and very successful or enjoyablee.g. rosy prospects a rosy viewSynonym: hopeful, promisingIdiom: Everything in the garden is rosy. 樣樣稱心如意。/ 一切都滿意。/ 事事如意。illusion: n. a false idea or belief, esp. about sb. or about a situatione.g. He could no longer distinguish between illusion and reality. It is time for them to cast aside their illusions.Collocation:be under no illusions about sth.have/cherish/entertain/hold illusions about sth. Derivation: illusionary a.e.g. illusionary stage effectsSynonym: vision, delusion, fantasy, misconceptioncynical: a. skepticale.g. a cynical view/smileHe was getting harder and more cynical about life.Derivation: cynicism n.crude: a. rude and offensivee.g. a crude remark/joke crude interference in another countrys internal affairs the crude behaviour of schoolchildrenSynonym: vulgarDerivation: crudely ad.crudity n.e.g. The crudity of her language shocked him.reverent: a. showing great respect and admiratione.g. a reverent silencefile past the tomb in a reverent manner give reverent attention to the sermonSynonym: respectful, adoringDerivation: reverently ad.reverence n.e.g. The crowd knelt in reverence and worshipped. The younger generation lack reverence.refrain: n. (in Paragraph 2) a regularly recurring phrase or verse, esp. at the end of each stanza or division of a poem or song; chorus vigorous and glowingv. (in Paragraph 4) stop oneself from doing sth., esp. sth. that one wants to doCollocation: refrain from (doing) sth.e.g. refrain from laughing/tearsHe has refrained from criticizing the government in public.green: a. young and lacking experiencee.g. a green hand The new trainees are still very green.Antonym: experienced, mature, versedtipsy: a. slightly drunke.g. The wine had made Barton a trifle tipsy.Synonym: tiddly Antonym: soberrose-coloured: a. used in reference to a naively optimistic or idealistic viewpointe.g. a rose-coloured talk/plan a rose-coloured vision of the worldSynonym: rose-tintedreputed: a. generally thought to be sth. or to have done sth., although this is not certain e.g. a man reputed to have worked miraclesHe is the reputed writer of the two epic poems.Synonym: supposedDerivation: reputedly ad.e.g. events that reputedly took place thousands of years ago Reputedly, he is very dangerous.henpecked: a. dominated by ones wifee.g. A henpecked husband always gives in to his wife.repent: v. feel regret or sorrow about ones wrongdoing or sine.g. repent ones crimes before a priest Bitterly did we repent our decision.Collocation:repent of sth.; repent bitterly; come to repentDerivation:repentance n.e.g. He shows no sign of repentance.repentant a.e.g. She was not in the least repentant.caustic: a. critical in a bitter or sarcastic waye.g. caustic comments/wit a caustic tongue Some caustic things have been written about media stars. Collocation: be caustic aboutSynonym: biting, acidscribble: v. write sth. quickly and untidilye.g. I scribbled his phone number in my address book. He scribbled down our names.Word formation: “scrib-” means “to write”e.g. describe, inscribe, prescribe, subscribe, transcribe, postscript, scripturedecoy: v. lure (a person or animal) away from their intended course, typically into a trape.g. They decoyed him into a dark street.decoy sb. away from the houseSynonym: lure, enticee.g. The child was lured into a car but managed to escape.The bargain prices are expected to entice customers away from other stores.Collocation: decoy intopious: a. having or showing a deep respect for God and religione.g. pious acts/utterances Mrs. Smith was a very pious woman who attended church services regularly.Antonym: impious, profane, undutifulprolong: v. make sth. last longere.g. prolong a visit prolong ones stay in London All the time people are seeking to prolong life.The operation could prolong his life by two or three years.Synonym: lengthen, extendDerivation: prolongation longed a.motive: n. a reason for doing sth.e.g. be proper in motive He says that he is doing this to help me, but I suspect an ulterior motive.Collocation:motive for sth.ulterior motiveDerivation: motiveless a.e.g. an apparently motiveless murder/attackenviable: a. so desirable as to arouse envye.g. He is in the enviable position of having two job offers to choose from. She learned to speak foreign languages with enviable fluency.Synonym: admirableComparison: enviable & admirablee.g. He has earned himself an enviable position in the bank.Her dedication to her work was admirable.aesthete: n. a person who has a love and understanding of art and beautiful thingse.g. Nobody will deny that Wilde is an outstanding aesthete.Derivation:aesthetic a.e.g. an aesthetic appreciation of the landscapeaesthetically ad.e.g. aesthetically pleasing colour combinationsaesthetics n.e.g. the relationship between aesthetics and translationimaginary: a. existing only in your mind or imaginatione.g. imaginary fears/threats The story is wholly imaginary.Comparison: imaginary & imaginableimaginary: hypothetical, existing only in ones mind and not in real lifee.g. The e