初中英語(yǔ)的八種時(shí)態(tài).docx

. 初中英語(yǔ)八種時(shí)態(tài)歸納復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中一個(gè)至關(guān)重要的內(nèi)容，廣大初中學(xué)生在實(shí)際運(yùn)用時(shí)，往往對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)總是倍感棘手，下面我們就歸納復(fù)習(xí)一下這幾種時(shí)態(tài)。一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動(dòng)詞；行為動(dòng)詞否定形式：am/is/are+not;此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加dont,如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，則用doesnt，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do提問(wèn)，如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，則用does，同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。二、一般過(guò)去時(shí)：概念：過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過(guò)去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動(dòng)詞；行為動(dòng)詞否定形式：was/were+not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didnt，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑問(wèn)句：was或were放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do的過(guò)去式did 提問(wèn)，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：now, at this time, these days, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。四、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：概念：表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等。基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+doing否定形式：was/were + not + doing.一般疑問(wèn)句：把was或were放于句首。五、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：概念：過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：recently, lately, sincefor,in the past few years, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has + done否定形式：have/has + not +d one.一般疑問(wèn)句：have或has。六、過(guò)去完成時(shí)：概念：以過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為，或在過(guò)去某動(dòng)作之前完成的行為，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：before, by the end of last year(term, month),etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：had + done.否定形式：had + not + done.一般疑問(wèn)句：had放于句首。七、一般將來(lái)時(shí)：概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do.否定形式：was/were + not; 在行為動(dòng)詞前加didnt，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑問(wèn)句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。八、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)：概念：立足于過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻，從過(guò)去看將來(lái)，常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：the next day(morning, year),the following month(week),etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were/going to + do；would/should + do.否定形式：was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.一般疑問(wèn)句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。. 幾種常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)的相互轉(zhuǎn)換英語(yǔ)中的幾種時(shí)態(tài)在一定情況下可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換，以下是幾種常見(jiàn)的轉(zhuǎn)換形式：一、一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，瞬間動(dòng)詞卻不能。但是，可用別的表達(dá)方式：瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“一段時(shí)間 + ago”的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句型中；瞬間動(dòng)詞可改成與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)，與一段時(shí)間連用；瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“It is + 一段時(shí)間 + since + 一般過(guò)去時(shí)”的句型中，表示“自從以來(lái)有時(shí)間”的意思，主句一般用it is來(lái)代替It has been;瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“Some time has passed since + 一般過(guò)去時(shí)”的句型中。請(qǐng)看：A. He joined the League two years ago.B. He has been in the League for two years.C. It is two years since he joined the League.D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，at加上名詞表示“處于某種狀態(tài)”，如at work（在工作）, at school（上學(xué)、上課）等。此短語(yǔ)可與進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換。請(qǐng)看：Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.Peter is working, but Mike is playing.三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般將來(lái)時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中g(shù)o, come, leave, start, arrive等動(dòng)詞常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：I am coming, Mum! 意為“我就來(lái)，媽媽?zhuān)　闭?qǐng)看：The train is leaving soon.The train will leave soon.四、“be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”與“will(shall)+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換“be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”、表示打算、計(jì)劃要做的事；將來(lái)時(shí)“will(shall)+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)在書(shū)面語(yǔ)中，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第一人稱(chēng)時(shí)，常用助動(dòng)詞shall。在口語(yǔ)中，所有人稱(chēng)都可以用will。請(qǐng)看：We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday.We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday初中英語(yǔ)57個(gè)中考必備句型1 as soon as2 asas3 asas possible4 ask sb. for sth.5 ask/tell sb. (how) to do sth.6 ask/tell sb. (not) to do sth.7 be afraid of doing/that8 be busy doing sth.9 be famous/late/ready/sorry for10 be glad that11 buy/give/show/bring/lend/send/pass/tellsth. to sb.12 buy/give/show/bring/lend/send/pass/tell sb. sth.13 eitheror14 enjoy/hate/like/finish/stop/mind/keep/go on doing sth.15 find it + adj to do sth.16 get + 比較級(jí)17 get ready for/get sth. ready18 had better (not) do sth.19 help sb. (to) do/help sb.with20 I dont think that 21 I would like to /Would you like to?22 is one of the + 最高級(jí) + n(pl.)23 It is +adj. for sb. to do sth.24 It is a good idea to do sth.25 It is the second + 最高級(jí) +n.26 It looks like /It sounds like 27 It seems to sb. that28 It sounds +adj. /It looks +adj.29 It takes sb some time. to do sth.30 Its bad/good for31 Its time for/to do sth. 32 Its two meters (years) long (high, old).33 keep sb. doing34 keep/make sth. +adj.35 like to do / like doing36 make / let sb.(not) do sth.37 neithernor38 notat all39 notuntil40 Onethe other/Some others41 preferto42 see/hear sb. do(doing) sth.43 sothat44 spendon /(in) doing sth.45 stop to do /stop doing46 such a +adj. +n. that47 take/br