大學(xué)英語(yǔ)病句改寫全套.doc

精品文檔改寫病句串句串句：錯(cuò)誤將兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的分句串在一起，不用連詞、標(biāo)點(diǎn)，誤將兩個(gè)句子當(dāng)成一個(gè)句子。類型：1。用一個(gè)逗號(hào)把兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子連接起來(lái)。2。什么標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)都沒(méi)有使用。破句破句：是一組詞由于缺少主語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞無(wú)法表達(dá)完整意思的錯(cuò)句。只是句子的一個(gè)從屬部分類型：從屬詞破句，分詞、不定式破句，附加細(xì)節(jié)句，無(wú)主破句。1st: 修改串句：4 ways分成兩個(gè)句子誤 The local tire plant shut down for the holiday everyone had two weeks off.正 The local tire plant shut down for the holiday. As a result, everyone had two weeks off.誤 She didnt feel particularly well she went to bed.正 She didnt feel particularly well. Therefore，she went to bed.誤 He tried many times to give up smoking he never managed to.正 He tried many times to give up smoking. However, he never managed to.用連詞and, but, for, or, nor, so, yet連接兩個(gè)句子，連詞之前加逗號(hào)。（誤）Dont tease the dog you might get bitten.（正） Dont tease the dog, or you might get bitten.用分號(hào)連接兩個(gè)句子1.He tried many times to give up smoking; however, he never managed to.2.The local tire plant shut down for the holiday; as a result, everyone had two weeks off. 用從屬連詞把一個(gè)分句化為從句，修飾或限定主句After we walked over to the waterfall slowly, we sat down to admire the beauty of the falls.There is no school tomorrow, so they will go on a picnic.最佳方法修改串句首選逗號(hào)加并列連詞，用于兩句之間有邏輯關(guān)系的句子；其次選擇分號(hào)，用于兩句中有表示連接關(guān)系的副詞或副詞詞組時(shí)或后句是前句的說(shuō)明時(shí)；最后考慮句號(hào)，用于兩句沒(méi)有邏輯關(guān)系或角度表化等情況。 2nd：修改破句：4類類1：從屬詞破句（誤）Smokers claim the right to smoke in public places. While nonsmokers claim the right to clean air.（正）Smokers claim the right to smoke in public places while nonsmokers claim the right to clean air.（誤）Examinations remain as primitive as ever before. No matter how advanced our science and technology have become in this modern society.（正）Examinations remain as primitive as ever before no matter how advanced our science and technology have become in this modern society.（誤）After I arrived in Chicago by bus. I checked into a room. Then I went to a dinner to get something to eat. （正）After I arrived in Chicago by bus, I checked into a room, and then I went to a dinner to get something to eat.（誤）My daughter likes to make paper boats. Which she floats in the tub during her nightly bath.（正）My daughter likes to make paper boats which she floats in the tub during her nightly bath.（正）My daughter likes to make paper boats. She floats them in the tub during her nightly bath.類2：分詞和不定式破句修改方法（1）讓破句與其前或其后的句子連接起來(lái)，使語(yǔ)義完整（2）增添主語(yǔ)，把現(xiàn)在分詞改成動(dòng)詞的正確形式；（3）把being 改為be的恰當(dāng)形式；（4）將不定式部分與前面句子連接起來(lái)。（誤）Starting at the clock on the far wall. I nervously began my speech. I was afraid to look at any of the people in the room.（正） Starting at the clock on the far wall, I nervously began my speech. I was afraid to look at any of the people in the room.（誤）I spent almost two hours on the phone yesterday. Trying to find a garage to repair my car. Eventually I had to have it towed to a garage in another town.（正）I spent almost two hours on the phone yesterday, trying to find a garage to repair my car. Eventually I had to have it towed to a garage in another town.（誤）I plan on working overtime. To get this job finished. Otherwise, my boss may get angry with.（正）I plan on working overtime to get this job finished. Otherwise, my boss may get angry with.類3：增加細(xì)節(jié)引起的破句especially, specially, for example, such as, for instance, like, also, as well as, except, but, besides后接n.時(shí), 不能單獨(dú)存在，只能是句子的部分。修改方法：（1）與其前面具有完整意義的句子連接起來(lái)；（2）增加主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；（3）改動(dòng), 使其成為前句的一部分。（誤）My aunt likes watching daytime television shows. Especially old movies and soap operas.（正）My aunt likes watching daytime television shows, especially old movies and soap operas.（誤）Student cheating is still widely practiced. In spite of the fact that the violators get severe punishment once they are caught.（正）Student cheating is still widely practiced in spite of the fact that the violators get severe punishment once they are caught.（誤）He failed a number of courses before he earned his degree. Among them, English, Economics, and General Biology.（正）Among the courses he failed before he earned his degree were English, Economics, and General Biology.（誤）Cotton grows well in their county. Particularly in Vanguard Commune.（正）Cotton grows well in their county, particularly in Vanguard Commune. 類4：缺少主語(yǔ)的破句 改正方法為：a.使破句依附于前面的句子b.增加主語(yǔ)（該主語(yǔ)往往是代詞，指代前句中的主語(yǔ)）（誤）They take an active part in social activities. On holidays, frequently do temporary jobs.(正）They take an active part in social activities, and on holidays, they frequently do temporary jobs.（誤）One example of my fathers generosity is that he visits sick friends in the hospital. And takes along get-well cards with a few dollars folded in them在慰問(wèn)卡里塞錢（正）One example of my fathers generosity is that he visits sick friends in the hospital and takes along get-well cards with a few dollars folded in the（正）One example of my fathers generosity is that he visits sick friends in the hospital. He takes along get-well cards with a few dollars folded in them.（誤）Sarah looked with admiration at the stunningly attractive model. And wondered how the model looked upon waking up in the morning. （正）Sarah looked with admiration at the stunningly attractive model and wondered how the model looked upon waking up in the morning.3rd: 錯(cuò)誤平行結(jié)構(gòu)（1）詞與詞間的平行（名詞、形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)名詞、分詞以及不定式等）A wedding anniversary is a celebration of love, trust, partnership, and tolerance.Kate is not only beautiful but also intelligent.Tom works carefully and diligently.Working or resting, she always enjoyed herself. The soldier preferred to die rather than surrender.（2）詞組間的平行：Thats one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.We prefer camping in the open to playing football in the field.（3）分句間的平行：The love of liberty is the love of others; the love of power is the love of ourselves.Take your books out and put them on the desk.He paid more attention to what he ate than to what he wore.（4）句子間的平行：Militarily, Great Britain was shockingly weak in 1941. Socially, however, the country was surprisingly strong.（誤）Kate has been a waitress, a nurse and taught school.（正）Kate has been a waitress, a nurse and a teacher.(系列中的每個(gè)平行成分都應(yīng)是名詞。)（誤）The governor is facing the difficult task of developing industry but how to not destroy the environment.（正）The governor is facing the difficult task of developing industry but not destroying the environment.（平行成分為動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)）（誤）Recent movies reflect major improvements in not only photograph but also in editing.（正）Recent movies reflect major improvements not only in photograph but also in editing.（平行成分為動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)）（誤）In fact, flying is often less dangerous than to drive a car.（正）In fact, flying is often less dangerous than driving a car.（被比較的成分都應(yīng)為動(dòng)名詞形式（誤）Jane is a beautiful and the kindest woman I have never met.（正）Jane is the most beautiful and the kindest woman I have never met.（誤）When the weather gets cold, drafty and rains a lot, it is especially important to keep your feet well-covered.（正）When the weather gets cold, drafty and damp, it is especially important to keep your feet well-covered.（前兩項(xiàng)都是形容詞，因此第三項(xiàng)不能用動(dòng)詞，必須改為形容詞）常用的句子結(jié)構(gòu)有：and, but, either/or, neither/nor, not only/but also,both/and, whether/or, although/though/yet, if/then,notbut,would/had ratherthan，preferto，asas/not as (so)as結(jié)構(gòu)不平行的情況有3種:1.并列結(jié)構(gòu)中的不平行省略（誤）Most of us lack knowledge or comfort with science.（正）Most of us lack knowledge of or comfort with science.2.比較結(jié)構(gòu)的不平行（誤）Mars is nearer to us than Pluto. （正）Mars is nearer to us than to Pluto.( Mars is nearer to us than it is to Pluto.)“than”前為句子，后為單個(gè)詞，所以造成句子的不平衡。在寫比較級(jí)的句子時(shí)，一定要注意 “than”兩側(cè)的文法結(jié)構(gòu)是否一致。3. 連詞兩側(cè)的結(jié)構(gòu)不平行（誤）The math teacher not only irritates me by his high-pitched voice, but also I began to hate the math class.（正）The math teacher not only irritates me by his high-pitched voice, but also makes me hate the math class.4th: 修飾語(yǔ)錯(cuò)置修飾語(yǔ)錯(cuò)置是因?qū)⑿揎椪Z(yǔ)與被修飾語(yǔ)之間擺放的位置不恰當(dāng)（通常是相互之間間隔得太遠(yuǎn)） ：就是移位置Bill yelled at the howling dog in his underwear. Bill，in his underwear，yelled at the howling dog.The final scene unites two characters, who, in the beginning, had hated each other in a beautiful way. The final scene unites in a beautiful way two characters, who, in the beginning, had hated each other.Alice could see a lot of cars running fast outside through her window. Through her window, Alice could see a lot of cars running fast outside.He gave the rose to the lovely actress that he had bought for his wife.He gave the rose that he had bought for his wife to the lovely actress.1.像only, just, almost, nearly這樣的修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)，盡量靠近被修飾語(yǔ)，且一般放在被修飾語(yǔ)前面。2.表示時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，方式的狀語(yǔ)從句放在句首3.狀語(yǔ)修飾語(yǔ)難以在句中找到恰當(dāng)?shù)奈恢脮r(shí)，句首是個(gè)好地方。The mayor was able to cut the ribbon and then the band played when someone found scissors. (動(dòng)作順序違反自然規(guī)律) When someone found scissors, the mayor was able to cut the ribbon and then the band played.4.以which或that開(kāi)頭的從句，要跟在被修飾的詞后面。The house was in the woods that burned last night. The house that burned last night was in the woods.5.不要把修飾語(yǔ)放在可以修飾句中兩個(gè)部分的位置上,以避免模棱兩可。People who walk normally are healthier than those who dont. People who walk are normally healthier than those who dont.或Normally, people who walk are healthier than those who dont.5th:懸垂修飾語(yǔ)（誤） Opening the cupboard, a skeleton fell out. （正）When I opened the cupboard, a skeleton fell out.（誤）Discouraged by low grades, dropping out made sense.（正）Discouraged by low grades, I thought dropping out made sense.（誤） When bathing the baby, the water should be warm, not hot.（正）When bathing the baby, you should be sure the water should be warm, not hot.（誤） Running along the high way, my ears felt frozen.（正）Running along the high way, I felt as if my ears felt frozen.（2）垂懸動(dòng)名詞：還是找主語(yǔ)（誤） Approaching the guard rail (圍欄)on Lookout Mountain, a vast expanse of farmland could be seen.（正）When we approached the guard rail on Lookout Mountain, a vast expanse of farmland could be seen.（誤）In talking with my students, they told me of their suggestions.（正）When I was talking with my students, they told me of their suggestions.（誤）While reading the paper last night, an article on solar energy attracted my attention.（正）While reading the paper last night, I became interested in an article on solar energy attracted my attention.（3）垂懸不定式短語(yǔ):都是改不定式后面半句，都是加個(gè)主語(yǔ)（誤） To pass the examination, work hard is expected. （正）To pass the examination, you are expected to work hard.（誤） To write well, repeated revision is necessary. （正）To write well, you must revise repeatedly.（誤）To learn English well, much practice is necessary.（正）To learn English well, we need much practice.（誤）To appreciate the Engl