補(bǔ)全對話的特點及解題技巧.doc

補(bǔ)全對話的特點及解題技巧補(bǔ)全對話是考查交際會話能力的主要題型.它可考查課標(biāo)和教材中出現(xiàn)的所有交際功能項目, 如打電話, 談?wù)撎鞖? 度假, 看病, 購物等。強(qiáng)調(diào)了語境的作用，加大了對語言運用能力的檢測力度。內(nèi)容上更加接近學(xué)生日常生活，在一段對話中留出若干空白，要求學(xué)生從所給的選項中選出恰當(dāng)?shù)木渥踊蛱顚懞线m的單詞，使補(bǔ)全后的對話完整、通順、意義正確。它要求學(xué)生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，在整體把握對話的基礎(chǔ)上，去分析、判斷與綜合，初步考查學(xué)生口語運用的能力。有利于考察學(xué)生理解和應(yīng)用英語知識的能力。復(fù)習(xí)和解題中要注意以下幾點:1.通讀對話全文，摸清對話發(fā)生的地點、時間，人物的身份，對話的內(nèi)容。2.理清上下句的邏輯關(guān)系，使你填入的話和整篇對話文理通順，融為一體。答題時, 依據(jù)語言環(huán)境補(bǔ)全對話，逐句推敲。3.符合說英語國家人的習(xí)慣。答題時，語言要得體，表達(dá)要地道。要注意口語交際中的一些習(xí)慣用語，特別是漢語和英語表達(dá)方式的不同，要認(rèn)真通讀對話。4.應(yīng)將一些常見情景下經(jīng)常運用的句型，詞組背熟。比如:看病, 問路, 邀請等常規(guī)用語。 5.注意空白處的標(biāo)點。是問號，就應(yīng)填問句；是句號，就應(yīng)填陳述句。知識清單一. 社會交際：1. 問候(1) A:Hello/Hi.B:Hello/Hi.(2) A:Hello.How are you?B:Fine, thank you.And (how are)you?A:Very well, thank you.(3) A:Good morning/afternoon/evening.B: Good morning/afternoon/evening.(4) A:Hi, Jim!B:Hi, Li Lei.Nice to meet you again！(5) A:Hi, Sam!How are you today?B:Oh, hello, Lin Tao.Fine, thanks.What about you?(5) Please say hello to your parents.Please give my best wishes to your parents.2. 介紹(1)自我介紹：A:My name is Lin Yan.Glad to meet you. B:Nice to meet you.My name is Li Lei.A:Excuse me.Whats your name, please? B:My name is Robert Thomas Brown. A:May I call your Robert? B:Certainly./Of course.(2)介紹他人：A:This is Mr Huang. B:How do you do? C:My name is Lin Ping.How do you do?/Nice to meet you.A:This is Mr.Huang. B:Nice to meet you. C:Glad to meet you.注意:在交際場合，介紹常常伴隨著問候，可參見問候用語。1. 告別(1)告別前，客方表示要離開的常用語：I am afraid I must be going now.I am afraid I must go now.I think its time for me to leave now.I think its time for us to go now.(2)雙方相互道別時的常用短語：Goodbye! Bye-bye! Bye! See you later! See you!2. 感謝和應(yīng)答(1)感謝某人： Thank you./Thanks a lot./Thank you very much. Thank you for you help. Its very kind/nice of yoou. Thank you all the same.(2)回答感謝時的答語： Its a pleasure./With my pleasure. Thats OK./Thats all right. Youre welcome. Not at all.3. 道歉(1)當(dāng)要麻煩別人時：Excuse me, please! I beg your pardon.(2)當(dāng)做錯某事時：Sorry. Im sorry for Im sorrry that(3)回答道歉時的答語： Never mind. Thats OK./Thats all right. Its nothing. It doesnt matter.4. 邀請和應(yīng)答(1)表示邀請的用語： Will you come to my party? Would you like to go for a walk? May I invite you to dinner? How/What about going for a walk?(2)接受邀請時的答語： Yes, Id love/ike to. Yes.Its very kind of you. That would be nice.(3)拒絕邀請時的答語：No, thank you. Id love/like to, but5. 請求和應(yīng)答(1)表請求的用語：May I ? Can/Could I?Would mind if I smoke here?(2)表肯定的答語：Sure/Certainly. Yes, do please.Thats all right. Of course, you can.(3)表否定時的答語：Im afraid not. Im sorry, but you mustnt/cant.Youd better not.6. 祝愿、祝賀和應(yīng)答(1)祝賀用語：Have a good day/time! Have a good journey/trip.Good luck. Enjoy yourself! Best wishes to you!Happy New Year! Merry Christmas! Well done!Happy birthday! Congratulations!(2)應(yīng)答：Thank you. You, too. The same to you.1. 提供幫助和應(yīng)答(1)提供幫助：Can I help you ? Would you like me to help you ?What can I do for you ? Let me help you .(2)肯定回答：Yes, please. Yes , thanks. Thank you for your help.Thank you. That would be nice.(3)否定答語：No, thanks/thank you.Thats very nice of you, but I cant manage it myself.2. 約會(1)約會前詢問對方有無空閑時間：Are you free this morning/afternoon/evening?(2)常用答語：Yes, Ill be free then.No, I wont be free then.But I will be free tomorrow.(3)提出約會時間、地點以征求對方意見的用語：How about tomorrow morning?Shall we meet at 3:00 at the school gate?(4)常用答語：Yes, thats all right. All right, see you then.3. 打電話(1)打電話人常用語：Hello! May I speak to?Is that speaking? (注意：不能用Are you?或Who are you)Can I leave a message ?Ill call back later/again.Ill ring/call him/her up again.(2)接電話人常用語：Hello!This is Tom speaking. (注意：不能用Im Tom)Hello!Who is that？ Hold on, please!Tom isnt here right now. Sorry, but Tom is out.Can I take a message for you ?Sorry, Im afraid you have the wrong number.4. 就餐(1)主人常用語：What would you like to have ?Would you like something to drinnk ?Help yourself to some chicken ?Would you like some more rice ?(2)客人常用語：Yes, Id like a drink. Id like rice and chhicken.Just a little, please. Can I have some more soup?Its so delicious.Thank you.No, thank you.Ive had enough.Im full , thank you.1. 看病(1)醫(yī)生診斷常用語：Whats the matter? Whats wrong with you ?Do you have a fever? How long have you felt like this?Its nothing serious. Youll be all right/well soon.Take this medicine three times a day.(2)病人敘述病情常用語：I feel terrible/bad. I dont feel well.Ive got a cold/cough/headache.Ive got a pain here.There is something wrong with my eyes.It hurts here. I cant sleep well.2. 購物(1)售貨員常用語：Can/May I help you？ What can I do for you?What color/size/kind do you like?What about this one? Heres your change.(2)顧客常用語：I want/would like a pair of shoes.How much is it/are they? May I try it on?Its too small/big. Sorry, its too expensive.Do you have any other colors/sizes/kinds?Thats fine. Ill take it.Just have a look. Well, Ill think about it.3. 問路和應(yīng)答(1)問路用語：Excuse me, where is the nearest post office?Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the shop?Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest shop?Excuse me, which bus goes to Peoples Park?(2)應(yīng)答：Its over there. Its about 500 meters from here.Go down the street until you see the tall building.Turn right/left at the first crossing/corner.You can take bus No.103.Youd better take a taxi.Sorry, I dont know.Im a stranger here.4. 談?wù)撎鞖?1)詢問天氣情況：Whats the weather like today?How is the weather in Beijing?(2)陳述天氣情況：What a cold/hot day today!Its a nice/fine/beautiful day today.Its sunny/couldy/windy/rainy/snowy/foggy.Its getting cool/cold/warm/hot.5. 語言交際困難Pardon?/I beg your pardon.Sorry, I cant follow you.Could you speak again/more slowly?I dont know how to say that in English?How do you spell it , please?Im sorry I only know a little English.1. 提醒注意Dont forget your raincoat. No smoking.Remember to lock the door. Look out.Its dangerous. Be careful. Dont touch.2. 勸告Youd better go to see the doctor.You should listen to and read English every day.You need to buy a Chinese-English dictionary.3. 建議Lets go and have a look.What/How about a picnic this Sunday?Why dont you/Why not go to a movie?一. 態(tài)度1. 同意和不同意(1)表示贊同的常用語：Certainly. Sure. Of course. Yes, please.Yes, I think so. All right. OK.Thats a good idea. I agree with you.(2)表示不同意的常用語：No, I dont think so. Im afraid not.I really cant agree with you.(3)表示不完全贊同的常用語：Yes, maybe. You may be right.2. 希望和愿望I wish to see you again. I hope to become a doctor.I hope it stays fine. I hope so. I hope not.3.表揚和鼓勵(1)表揚和鼓勵：Very good! Well done! Wonderful! Excellent!You speak English very well. You dress is beautiful.Come on! You can do it!(2)應(yīng)答：Thank you. OK, Ill try it again.二. 情感1. 高興How wonderful/nice! Im happy.Im pleased to know that.2. 驚奇Really? Oh, dear! Is that so? What a surprise!How nice to see you! Im surprised.3. 憂慮Whats wrong? Whats the matter? Anything wrong?What should we do? Are you worried about them?4. 安慰Dont be afraid. Dont worry. Itll be all right/OK.5. 滿意Good! Well done! Perfect! Thats fine.Thats better. Thats good enough.Im pleased with your spoken English.6. 遺憾Im so sorry. Its a great pity.What a pity! Thats too bad.7. 同情Im so sorry about your illness.Im sorry to hear that.8. 恐懼Help! How terrible! Im afraid of that dog.中考英語補(bǔ)全對話考點集匯、講解和訓(xùn)練【考點掃描】 補(bǔ)全對話是以書面形式考查考生英語口頭交際能力和邏輯思維能力的一種題型。該題給考生三段對話，每段對話挖去3-4個句子，讓考生把挖去的句子補(bǔ)全。考查點主要是：1. 情景會話能力；2. 邏輯思維能力；【名師解難】 補(bǔ)全對話命題的范圍集中在初中階段學(xué)習(xí)過的30個交際項目。因此牢固掌握著30個交際項目所包括的各種句型，習(xí)慣用語是至關(guān)重要的。除此而外，我們還要做到下面幾點：1. 通讀對話全文，摸清對話發(fā)生的地點、時間，人物的身份，對話的內(nèi)容。2. 理清上下句的邏輯關(guān)系，使你填入的話和整篇對話文理通順，融為一體；3. 符合說英語國家人的習(xí)慣，不要按中國人的習(xí)慣去應(yīng)答。4. 注意空白處的標(biāo)點。是問號就應(yīng)填問句；是句號，就應(yīng)填陳述句?！局锌挤独縑I. 補(bǔ)全對話（共10空，每空1.5分，計15分）根據(jù)下面對話中的情景，在每空中填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)恼Z句，使對話恢復(fù)完整。 (A)A: Good afternoon, John!B: 1_, Li Wei.A: I hear you are going to Kunming for a winter holiday.B: Yes, Ill go next week.A: 2_?B: Its neither too cold nor too hot. Its warm there.A: 3_.B: Thank you.【解析】這段對話發(fā)生在John和Li Wei之間。Li Wei 向John問下午好，按照說英語國家人的習(xí)慣，John也應(yīng)該回答下午好，所以第1個空應(yīng)填：Good afternoon。第二個空的下一句是回答昆明地天氣情況，因此我們可以推斷，第2個空應(yīng)該是詢問昆明的天氣，應(yīng)填：Whats the weather like in Kunming? / How is the weather there? 從第3個空的答語Thank you，我們可以推斷對方一定是說了祝愿的話。所以這個空可以填：Have a good time./ Have a good journey./ Im sure you will have a good time. (B)A: Hi, Peter! How are you today?B: 4_. And you?A: Im OK. Are you free tomorrow?B: 5_?A: Were going to the park. 6_?B: Of course. Id like to go with you. 7_?A: We are going to meet at the school gate at one oclock. Please be there on time.B: OK. Thank you.【解析】這段對話寫的是兩個熟人見面互相問候并相約去公園的事。第4個空應(yīng)該是回答對方的問話How are you today?的答語，所以應(yīng)是：Fine, (Im fine.) thank you. 第5個空緊接問句Are you free tomorrow? 根據(jù)整個談話的內(nèi)容判斷：應(yīng)回答Yes, why?/ Yes, whats up? 第6個空是個問句，因為句末是問號，其答語是：Of course. Id like to go with you. 由此我們判斷，對方是在邀請和他一起到公園去，因此，此空應(yīng)填：Would you like to go with us?/ Will you go with us? 第7個空又是一個問句，其答語是：We are going to meet at the school gate at one oclock. Please be there on time. 由此我們判斷對方問的是見面的時間和地點，所以應(yīng)填：When and where are we going to meet?/ When and where shall we meet? (C)A: Dad. I cant find my socks. 8_?B: Let me see. Are they white?A: Yes. 9_?B: I saw them in our sitting-room just now. You may go and get them.A: Oh! Here they are!B: You should put your things away.A: 10_.【解析】這是父子（女）之間的一段談話。談話的內(nèi)容地找東西。第8個空是個問句，而且空前的句子是Dad. I cant find my socks. 由此，我們判斷：兒子（女兒）是想問父親見到?jīng)]有，英語應(yīng)該是：Have you seen them? 當(dāng)父親問他是不是白色的時候，他回答Yes. 既然父親知道是白色的，那就肯定見到過，因此第9個空應(yīng)填兒子（女兒）的問話：你在什麼地方見到的？英語就是：Where did you see them?/ Where are they? 第10個空的前面一句是父親教訓(xùn)他的話，那末緊接著他應(yīng)該表示接受。英語就是：Yes, I will./ OK, I will. / OK, I wont do that again.【滿分演練】 (1)A: Hi, Bill! Youre reading the novel again.B: Yes, Tom. Ill never be tired of it.A: 1_?B: Three times. Every time I read it, I can always learn something new.A: Really? 2_?B: Charles Dickens. I think he is a great English writer. What about you?A: 3_. He is also my favorite foreign writer. Please let me have a look at it.B: OK, here you are! What do you think of this novel?A: 4_. I havent seen such a novel for long. Where did you buy it?B: In the Rose Bookshop.A: I dont know where it is. 5_?B: No. Only 10 minutes walk from here, next to the Peoples Cinema.A: Oh, I see. Im going there to get one, too. Thank you!B: Youre welcome! (2)(Li Meng and John have just finished swimming.)Li Meng: How nice and cool the water is! But Im feeling a bit hungry now.1_ ?John: Sounds good.Li Meng: Do you know 2_ ?John: Yes, there is.Li Meng: 3_？John: Its only five minutes walk. Lets go.Li Meng: Yeah, lets go. Oh, I almost forgot my CD player.John: 4_ ?Li Meng: Pop music. I often listen when Im not busy. How about you?John: Light music. I think it can relax myself. 5_?Li Meng: Sure.John: OK. I can lend you some CDs. Ill bring them to our school tomorrow.(3)Paul: 1_? Fred: No, I dont. But I have to cook this evening.Paul: 2_?Fred: Because my mother is going out on business. Ill have to cook myself.Paul: 3_?Fred: My mother does. She can cook very well.Paul: Can your father cook?Fred: No, he cant.Paul: 4_?Fred: Ill cook Italian noodles.Paul: 5_!Fred: Thank you. (4)Mrs. Lee: Hello. 68178502.David: Hello.1_?Mrs. Lee: Sorry. 2_. Can I take a message?David: Yes. This is David, Bruces friend. I want to ask him for some Chinese ancient coins. He told me he had got some recently. 3_. I dont care if they were made of different metals. I just want to add some more coins in my collection.Mrs. Lee: OK. Ill tell him. Would you like him to ring you back later?David: Well, I wont be at home later this day. Would you please ask him to ring me tomorrow morning?Mrs. Lee: Sure. 4_?David: Oh, sorry. 5_. The new number is 66129853.Mrs. Lee: OK. Ill write a message for him.David: Its really nice of you, Madam. Thank you very much. Goodbye!Mrs. Lee: Bye! (5)A: Excuse me, I want to go to the library. 1_ ?B: Go down this street and turn right at the second crossing. Go up the road to the end, youll find it.A: 2_?B: Its about 1,000 metres away from here.A: Oh. Thats quite a long way.B: Yes. Youd better take a bus.A: 3_?B: You can take the No.5 bus. Itll take you there.A: 4_?B: It takes about fifteen minutes.A: 5_.B: Its a pleasure. (6)Kate: Hello! 1_?Mrs. Read: Im sorry Ann isnt here right now. 2_?Kate: This is Kate.Mrs. Read: She isnt back yet. 3_?Kate: Thats very kind of you. Im calling to ask her if she is free tomorrow. Its March 12th, Tree Planting Day tomorrow. And 4_.Mrs. Read: I think shell be very glad to join you.Kate: Well meet at the school gate at 7:00. 5_.Mrs. Read: OK. Ill let her know.Kate: Many thanks. Goodbye.Mrs. Read: Goodbye. (7)A：Good afternoon. What can I do for you?B：Id like to buy a washing machine.A：Well，1_.Some are made in China， and some are made in other countries.B：This one looks very nice. 2_?A：In Germany.B：3_?A：Sure. You put the clothes in the machine， close the door and press this button.B：Its easy. How much is it?A：4,000 yuan.B：Wow, thats too expensive!4 _.Do you have a cheaper one?A：How about this one?B：Oh，this one looks very good. And the price is OK.5_. (8) (Two friends meet each other after May Day.)A：Nice to see you.B：1_.A：How did you