中石油2016通用英語選讀課文40Fundamental Techniques in Handling People處理人際關(guān)系的基本技巧.doc

40 Fundamental Techniques in Handling People處理人際關(guān)系的基本技巧1. On the morning of April 15, 1865, Abraham Lincoln lay dying in a hall bedroom of a cheap lodging house directly across the street from Fords Theater, where John Wilkes Booth had shot him. Lincolns long body lay stretched diagonally across a sagging bed that was too short for him. A cheap reproduction of Rosa Bonheurs famous painting The Horse Fair hung above the bed, and a dismal gas jet flickered yellow light.1.1865年4月15日清晨,亞伯拉罕.林肯奄奄一息地躺在福特戲院對(duì)面一家廉價(jià)客棧的臥房里。約翰威爾克斯布斯槍殺了他。那張下陷的床對(duì)身材修長(zhǎng)的林肯而言實(shí)在太短了。床的上方，掛著一件羅莎邦赫的名畫馬市的廉價(jià)仿制品，一盞陰暗的煤氣燈發(fā)出慘淡的黃暈。2. As Lincoln lay dying, Secretary of War Stanton said, There lies the most perfect ruler of men that the world has ever seen.2.當(dāng)林肯奄奄一息地躺著時(shí)，陸軍部長(zhǎng)斯坦頓說：“躺在這里的，是世界上有史以來最完美的元首?！?. What was the secret of Lincolns success in dealing with people? I studied the life of Abraham Lincoln for ten years and devoted all of three years to writing and rewriting a book entitled Lincoln the Unknown. I believe I have made as detailed and exhaustive a study of Lincolns personality and home life as it is possible for any being to make. I made a special study of Lincolns method of dealing with people. Did he indulge in criticism? Oh, yes. As a young man in the Pigeon Creek Valley of Indiana, he not only criticized but he wrote letters and poems ridiculing people and dropped these letters on the country roads where they were sure to be found. One of these letters aroused resentments that burned for a lifetime.3.林肯待人方面成功的秘訣是什么？我花了十年的時(shí)間研究亞伯拉罕林肯的一生，并投入(devote to + n. / doing sth)了整整三年的時(shí)間寫作和潤色一本叫做林肯不為人知的一面的書。我相信我已經(jīng)盡了人類一切的可能，對(duì)林肯的個(gè)性和他的家庭生活，做了詳盡和透徹的研究。關(guān)于林肯待人的方法我還做了特別的研究。(make a study of v.仔細(xì)研究)林肯熱衷于批評(píng)嗎？是的，年輕時(shí)，他住在印第安納州的鴿溪谷；他不但批評(píng)他人，還寫信做詩揶揄別人，他把寫好的信扔到鄉(xiāng)間街道上故意讓人看到，其中有一封信所引起的怨恨，延續(xù)了一輩子。4. Even after Lincoln had become a practicing lawyer in Springfield, Illinois, he attacked his opponents openly in letters published in the newspapers. But he did this just once too often.4.林肯在伊利諾斯州的春田鎮(zhèn)，掛牌做了律師后，甚至投書給報(bào)社，公開攻擊他的對(duì)手。雖然他多次做這樣的事都得以幸免，但這次他卻遭殃了。5. In the autumn of 1842 he ridiculed a vain, pugnacious politician by the name of James Shields. Lincoln damned him through an anonymous letter published in Springfield Journal. The town roared with laughter. Shields, sensitive and proud, boiled with indignation. He found out who wrote the letter, leaped on his horse, started after Lincoln, and challenged him to fight a duel. Lincoln didnt want to fight. He was opposed to dueling, but he couldnt get out of it and save his honor. He was given the choice of weapons. Since he had very long arms, he chose cavalry broadswords and took lessons in sword fighting from a West Point graduate; and, on the appointed day, he and Shields met on a sandbar in the Mississippi River, prepared to fight to the death; but, at the last minute, their seconds interrupted and stopped the duel.5.1842年秋季，林肯譏笑一個(gè)自大好斗的政客，這人叫詹姆斯西爾滋。林肯在春田的報(bào)上，刊登出一封匿名信諷刺他，令鎮(zhèn)上的人都捧腹大笑起來。西爾滋是個(gè)敏感和驕傲的人，怒火中燒。他查出寫這封信的人是誰，跳上了馬，去找林肯(start after sb. )，要和他作一次決斗。林肯不想打架，反對(duì)決斗，可是為了自己的面子又不能退出。對(duì)方給他選擇武器的自由。林肯手臂特別長(zhǎng)，就選了騎兵用的大砍刀，他向一位西點(diǎn)軍校畢業(yè)生學(xué)習(xí)刀術(shù)。到了指定的日期，他和西爾滋在密西西比河的河灘上碰頭，準(zhǔn)備決一死戰(zhàn)，就在最后一刻，他們雙方的助陣者介入并阻止了決斗。6. That was the most lurid personal incident in Lincolns life. It taught him an invaluable lesson in the art of dealing with people. Never again did he write an insulting letter. Never again did he ridicule anyone. (兩句由Never引導(dǎo)的倒裝句。) And from that time on, he almost never criticized anybody for anything.6.在林肯的一生中，這是件最可怕的個(gè)人事件。在做人的藝術(shù)方面，林肯學(xué)到了無價(jià)的一課。他再?zèng)]有寫過侮辱人的信，也沒有取笑過任何人。從那時(shí)起，他幾乎沒有因任何事而批評(píng)任何人。7. Time after time, during the Civil War, Lincoln put a new general at the head of the Army of the Potomac, and each one in turn-McClellan, Pope, Burnside, Hooker, Meade-blundered tragically and drove Lincoln to pacing the floor in despair. Half the nation savagely condemned these incompetent generals, but Lincoln, with malice toward none, with charity for all, held his peace. One of his favorite quotations was Judge not, that ye be not judged. And when Mrs. Lincoln and others spoke harshly of the southern people, Lincoln replied: Dont criticize them; they are just what we would be under similar circumstances. He had learned by bitter experience that sharp criticisms and rebukes almost invariably end in futility.7.美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的時(shí)候，林肯屢次委派新將領(lǐng)（依次有麥克克林、波伯、伯恩賽德、胡克、米德），統(tǒng)帥“波多馬克”軍隊(duì)，可是他們都相繼慘敗而歸，使林肯絕望地在地板上踱步。有一半的國人都在痛罵這些差勁的將領(lǐng)，可是林肯因?yàn)椤安辉购奕魏稳?，?duì)所有人寬容”，一聲也不吭。他最喜歡引用的一句格言是，“不要批評(píng)別人，別人才不會(huì)評(píng)議你”。當(dāng)林肯太太和其他人非議南方人士時(shí)，林肯總是這樣回答：”不要批評(píng)他們，我們?cè)谙嗤那樾蜗?，也?huì)像他們一樣?！彼呀?jīng)從他的痛苦經(jīng)驗(yàn)中明白，尖銳的批評(píng)、指責(zé)從來都是無果而終(end in futility)。8. Theodore Roosevelt said that when he, as President, was confronted with a perplexing problem, he used to lean back and look up at a large painting of Lincoln which hung above his desk in the White House and ask himself, What would Lincoln do if he were in my shoes? (虛擬語氣) How would he solve this problem? (虛擬語氣) The next time we are tempted to admonish somebody, lets pull a five-dollar bill out of our pocket, look at Lincolns picture on the bill,-and ask, How would Lincoln handle this problem if he had it? (虛擬語氣)8.西奧多羅斯福說過，他任總統(tǒng)時(shí)，每逢遇到棘手的問題，他常會(huì)往后一靠，抬頭望望他白宮辦公桌墻上那張林肯的巨幅畫像，并自問：“如果林肯處在我目前的情形，他會(huì)怎么辦？他將怎樣解決這個(gè)問題？”下次我們?nèi)绻滩蛔?be tempted to do sth)要訓(xùn)誡某人時(shí)，不妨從口袋拿出一張五元的鈔票，看看鈔票上林肯的像問自己：“如果林肯遇到這種事，他會(huì)如何解決這個(gè)問題呢？”9. Do you know someone you would like to change and regulate and improve? Good! That is fine. I am all in favor of it. But why not begin on yourself? From a purely selfish standpoint, that is a lot more profitable than trying to improve others-yes, and a lot less dangerous. Dont complain about the snow on your neighbors roof, said Confucius, when your own doorstep is unclean.9.你愿意你認(rèn)識(shí)的人有所改變、調(diào)整和改進(jìn)嗎？如果是，那很好。我完全贊同。但為何不從你自己開始呢？站到純自私的立場(chǎng)上，這要比改進(jìn)別人獲益更多沒錯(cuò)，而且風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更小?？追蜃诱f過：“如果你的門階不干凈，就不要對(duì)你鄰居家屋頂上的雪大發(fā)牢騷?！保ā安荒苷渖?，如正人何？”）10. When dealing with people, let us remember we are not dealing with creatures of logic. We are dealing with creatures of emotion, creatures bristling with prejudices and motivated by pride and vanity. If you and I want to stir up a resentment tomorrow that may rankle across the decades and endure until death, just let us indulge in a little stinging criticism-no matter how certain we are that it is justified.10.當(dāng)我們與人相處時(shí)，應(yīng)該記住，我們所接觸的不是邏輯生物，而是情感生物，會(huì)因?yàn)槠姸l(fā)沖冠，也會(huì)被驕傲與虛榮心所激勵(lì)。如果你我明天要造成一種歷經(jīng)數(shù)十年，直至死亡才會(huì)消失的反感，只要輕輕吐出一句惡毒的評(píng)語就得了-不論你多么肯定自己那樣做事理所當(dāng)然的。11. Any fool can criticize, condemn and complain-and most fools do. But it takes character and self-control to be understanding and forgiving.11.任何一個(gè)愚蠢的人，都會(huì)批評(píng)人、斥責(zé)人、抱怨人，絕大多數(shù)蠢人都是這樣。若要做到了解和寬恕別人，那就需在性格、自制力上下功夫。12.A great man shows his greatness, said Carlyle, by the way he treats little men. And Dr. Johnson said: God himself, sir, does not propose to judge man until the end of his days. Why should you and I?12.卡萊爾曾經(jīng)說：”看一個(gè)偉人的偉大之處，就是看他如何對(duì)待卑微之人?！奔s翰遜博士也說過：“上帝在一個(gè)人的末日之前是不會(huì)給他下結(jié)論的?！澳敲茨阄矣譃槭裁匆u(píng)人呢？13.PRINCIPLE:Dont criticize,condemn or complain.13.規(guī)則：不要批評(píng)、責(zé)怪或抱怨。課后練習(xí)：1. On the morning of April 15, 1865, Abraham Lincoln lay _in a hall bedroom of a cheap lodging house A. die B. dying C. dyeing D. died2. One of these letters _ resentments that burned for a lifetime. A. rose B. arose C. raised D. aroused3. Shields, _ and proud, boiled with indignation. A. sense B. sensible C.