定語(yǔ)從句長(zhǎng)難句(學(xué)生).doc

1. As far as the third factor is concerned,the history of science shows many instances in which the force of authority has operated in such a manner as to build up an exceedingly powerful resistance to further investigation;in some cases centuries elapsed before this resistance was eventually broken down,as happened in cosmology,for example.譯文 至于第三個(gè)因素，科學(xué)史中有許多事例表明，權(quán)威的力量起到這樣一種作用：它給進(jìn)一步的研究設(shè)置了一道極其牢固的障礙；在許多情況下，要花上幾個(gè)世紀(jì)的時(shí)間才能最終打破這道障礙。例如，在宇宙學(xué)中就發(fā)生過(guò)這樣的事。2. Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.譯文 行為主義者的看法是，如果一個(gè)兒童在有許多刺激因素的環(huán)境里長(zhǎng)大，而這些刺激因素能夠開(kāi)發(fā)其相應(yīng)的反映能力，那么這個(gè)兒童將會(huì)有更好的智力發(fā)展。3. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities - those of love and of reason - are the aims of all social arrangements.譯文 我建議把我們的社會(huì)制度從以最大限度的生產(chǎn)和最大限度的消費(fèi)為目的的官僚主義管理下的產(chǎn)業(yè)體制轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐粋€(gè)充分發(fā)揮人的潛能即愛(ài)和理智的潛能為其全部社會(huì)工作之目的的人道主義產(chǎn)業(yè)體制。4. We may define chemistry as the science in which we deal with the chemical change in matter as a result of which it is possible to form a new substance.譯文:我們客戶(hù)可以說(shuō)，化學(xué)式論述物質(zhì)的化學(xué)變化的科學(xué)，通過(guò)這種變化可能得到一種新物質(zhì)。5. The child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greatly intellectual development.6. Those individuals who possess characteristics that provide them with an advantage in the struggle for existence are more likely to survive and contribute their genes to the next generation. 7.But the movie differed significantly from those other forms of entertainment, which depended on either live performance or (in the case of the slide-and-lantern shows) the active involvement of a master of ceremonies who assembled the final program. 8. Missing until recently were fossils clearly intermediate, or transitional, between land mammals and cetaceans. 給大家一些tips, 長(zhǎng)句子大概看過(guò)一遍之后，發(fā)現(xiàn)有引導(dǎo)詞，包括關(guān)系代詞：that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；關(guān)系副詞：where, when, why等，就說(shuō)明定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)了，這個(gè)時(shí)候要做的就是跳過(guò)定語(yǔ)從句不看，先把主干找出來(lái)，看懂主干后再去理解從句，再理解那些副詞和狀語(yǔ)等等細(xì)枝末節(jié)。 最后總結(jié)一下 1，看到定語(yǔ)從句先跳過(guò)去找主干，找到主干后再把定語(yǔ)加上去，否則定語(yǔ)從句很長(zhǎng)，導(dǎo)致謂語(yǔ)很靠后，很難理清主干。 2，關(guān)于引導(dǎo)詞的省略，that who 等等很多引導(dǎo)詞都可以省略，而且在長(zhǎng)句子里面常常省略，我們有時(shí)候?qū)懽魑囊矔?huì)不知不覺(jué)省略，比如說(shuō)he is the one I fell in love with .就省略了that或者who,一般在限定性定語(yǔ)從句里面，引導(dǎo)詞（that who 等）作為從句里面的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)往往可以省略，比如上面的這個(gè)句子還有the guy you spoke to stole a gun, 還有修飾way的時(shí)候往往也省略引導(dǎo)詞，比如說(shuō)I dont like the way you speak to your mother.關(guān)于省略還是要靠大家多讀培養(yǎng)語(yǔ)感，從理論上解釋其實(shí)很不實(shí)用，也不太全面，比如說(shuō)第三個(gè)句子連that帶were一起省略了，而且還不是從句里的賓語(yǔ)是從句里的主語(yǔ)成分。 3，有時(shí)間的同學(xué)還是要多背單詞，現(xiàn)在大家可以用字典查，但是考試的時(shí)候單詞不認(rèn)識(shí)句子結(jié)構(gòu)又復(fù)雜肯定就死在這里了.一、分析含定語(yǔ)從句的長(zhǎng)難句。 【難句1】He is referring to the upsurge of interest in mobile television, a nascent industry at the intersection of telecoms and media which offers new opportunities to device-makers, content producers and mobile-network operators. (The Economist Jan. 5, 2006) 【參考譯文】他談到了眾人對(duì)移動(dòng)電視的巨大興趣，這是一個(gè)在電信和媒體領(lǐng)域有交叉的新興產(chǎn)業(yè)，它給設(shè)備制造商、電視內(nèi)容制作者以及移動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)營(yíng)商提供了新的機(jī)遇。 【難句2】Meanwhile, Apple Computer, which launched a video-capable version of its iPod portable music-player in October, is striking deals with television networks to expand the range of shows that can be purchased for viewing on the device, including Lost, Desperate Housewives and Law & Order. (The Economist Jan. 5, 2006) 【參考譯文】與此同時(shí)，蘋(píng)果電腦公司在10月發(fā)售了一款可以觀看電視的便攜式音樂(lè)播放器iPod，這個(gè)播放器大大幫助了電視網(wǎng)絡(luò)擴(kuò)大其可以供用戶(hù)購(gòu)買(mǎi)的、用于在移動(dòng)終端的節(jié)目范圍， 包括迷失、絕望的主婦以及法律與秩序。 【難句3】Some technologies do indeed improve at such a predictable pace that they obey simple formulae such as Moores law, which acts as a battle plan for the semiconductor industry. (The Economist Sep. 21, 2006) 【參考譯文】的確，有些技術(shù)的進(jìn)步是以一種可預(yù)測(cè)的節(jié)奏進(jìn)行著，它們遵循摩爾定律般簡(jiǎn)單的公式，好比是半導(dǎo)體工業(yè)的設(shè)計(jì)圖紙。 【難句4】Visit many online sites to research a car, and they will sell your name immediately to local dealerships which will then harass you in the old-fashioned way. (The Economist May 27, 2006) 【參考譯文】網(wǎng)絡(luò)銷(xiāo)售商通過(guò)訪問(wèn)大量的網(wǎng)站去尋找一部車(chē)，然后就會(huì)把你的名字提供給當(dāng)?shù)氐慕?jīng)銷(xiāo)商，這又會(huì)讓你重回到以前那種購(gòu)車(chē)模式所帶來(lái)的困擾中。 【難句5】Even Chinas population will be declining by the early 2030s, according to the UN, which projects that by 2050 populations will be lower than they are today in 50 countries. (The Economist Jun.5, 2006) 【參考譯文】聯(lián)合國(guó)有關(guān)報(bào)告指出，即便是中國(guó)，到2030年初期人口也將開(kāi)始遞減。這份報(bào)告同時(shí)還指出，到2050年，將有50個(gè)國(guó)家的人口低于今天的水平。 難句6】That is surely how history will judge modern criticism of video games, which are accused of turning young people into violent criminals. (The Economist Jun.18, 2006) 【參考譯文】對(duì)于當(dāng)今時(shí)代那些控訴電視游戲使年輕人變成暴力罪犯的批評(píng)者們，歷史最終也將對(duì)他們作出同樣的批判。 【難句7】Management and HR groups spend a lot of time talking about engagement, which comes down to getting employees excited about the work theyre doing and its contribution to the company. (Business Week Feb. 5, 2007) 【參考譯文】管理和人力資源群體花費(fèi)大量的時(shí)間來(lái)談?wù)搮⑴c，激發(fā)雇員對(duì)他們的工作和為公司做貢獻(xiàn)的興趣。 【難句8】To make the technology as simple as possible, Sony, HP, and other vendors are finally creating software that can be used across all their devices-be it PCs, TVs, or set-top boxes. (Business Week Jan. 29, 2007) 【參考譯文】為了讓科技盡可能的簡(jiǎn)單，索尼、惠普和其他銷(xiāo)售者最終開(kāi)發(fā)了可以在所有裝置上使用的軟件-不論是個(gè)人電腦、電視機(jī)或是數(shù)字解碼器-這種軟件就是機(jī)頂盒。 【難句9】On the face of it, that doesnt seem especially surprising: we feel strong emotion at important events, which are obviously more memorable than ordinary moments. (Time Jan. 18, 2007) 【參考譯文】乍看起來(lái)，那似乎不會(huì)使我們特別吃驚：在重大事件上我們會(huì)感到強(qiáng)烈的感情沖擊-重大事件顯然比平常日子讓人記憶深刻。 【難句10】An animal that can remember the significance of that large, nasty-looking thing with the big teeth and sharp claws will survive longer and produce more offspring. (Time Jan. 18, 2007) 【參考譯文】一種動(dòng)物只有記住了長(zhǎng)相丑惡（具有巨大牙齒和鋒利爪子）且身體龐大的重要性，才能生存長(zhǎng)久并繁殖更多的后代。 【難句11】Women who live in areas of hig