以AT89C51單片機為核心,制作一個LCD顯示的智能電子鐘.doc

第6章智能電子鐘的設計6.1 功能要求1. 設計要求 以AT89C51單片機為核心，制作一個LCD顯示的智能電子鐘： (1) 計時：秒、分、時、天、周、月、年。 (2) 閏年自動判別。 (3) 五路定時輸出，可任意關斷（最大可到16路）。 (4) 時間、月、日交替顯示。 (5) 自定任意時刻自動開/關屏。 (6) 計時精度：誤差1秒/月（具有微調(diào)設置）。 (7) 鍵盤采用動態(tài)掃描方式查詢。所有的查詢、設置功能均由功能鍵K1、K2完成。2. 工作原理本設計采用市場上流行的時鐘芯片DS1302進行制作。DS1302是DALLAS公司推出的涓流充電時鐘芯片，內(nèi)含一個實時時鐘/日歷和31字節(jié)靜態(tài)RAM，可以通過串行接口與計算機進行通信，使得管腳數(shù)量減少。實時時鐘/日歷電路能夠計算2100年之前的秒、分、時、日、星期、月、年的，具有閏年調(diào)整的能力。DS1302時鐘芯片的主要功能特性：(1) 能計算2100年之前的年、月、日、星期、時、分、秒的信息；每月的天數(shù)和閏年的天數(shù)可自動調(diào)整；時鐘可設置為24或12小時格式。(2) 31B的8位暫存數(shù)據(jù)存儲RAM。(3) 串行I/O口方式使得引腳數(shù)量最少。(4) DS1302與單片機之間能簡單地采用同步串行的方式進行 通信，僅需3根線。(5) 寬范圍工作電壓2.0-5.5V。(6) 工作電流為2.0A時，小于300nA。(7) 功耗很低，保持數(shù)據(jù)和時鐘信息時功率小于1mW。6.2 方案論證6.3 系統(tǒng)硬件電路的設計6.4 系統(tǒng)程序的設計#include#include#include#define uchar unsigned char#define uint unsigned intsbit key1=P30;/設置鍵sbit key2=P33;/調(diào)節(jié)鍵加sbit key3=P36;/設置鍵減uchar second,minute,hour; uchar day,week,month,year;uchar pos_flag=0;uchar keyflag=0;/按鍵標志位/函數(shù)聲明uchar read1302(uchar add); /讀地址、數(shù)據(jù)void write1302(uchar add,uchar date); /寫入地址、數(shù)據(jù)void write_com_date(uchar add,uchar date);void init_lcd();void init_ds1302();void delay(uchar time);void Disp_1602(uchar x,uchar y,uchar *p);void keyscan();void settime();void settime() write1302(0x8e,0x00); /關閉寫保護write1302(0x80,second/10*16+second%10); /秒write1302(0x82,minute/10*16+minute%10); /分write1302(0x84,hour/10*16+hour%10); /時write1302(0x86,day/10*16+day%10); /日write1302(0x88,month/10*16+month%10); /月write1302(0x8a,week/10*16+week%10); /星期write1302(0x8c,year/10*16+year%10); /年write1302(0x8e,0x80); void display() second=read1302(0x81); write_com_date(0xca,0x30+second%10); write_com_date(0xc9,0x30+second/10); minute=read1302(0x83); write_com_date(0xc7,0x30+minute%10);write_com_date(0xc6,0x30+minute/10); hour=read1302(0x85);write_com_date(0xc4,0x30+hour%10);write_com_date(0xc3,0x30+hour/10); day=read1302(0x87);write_com_date(0x8a,0x30+day%10);write_com_date(0x89,0x30+day/10); week=read1302(0x8b);write_com_date(0xcd,0x30+week%10); month=read1302(0x89);write_com_date(0x87,0x30+month%10);write_com_date(0x86,0x30+month/10); year=read1302(0x8d);write_com_date(0x84,0x30+year%10);write_com_date(0x83,0x30+year/10);void keyscan() /修改調(diào)整時間日期 if(key1=0) delay(10); if(key1=0) pos_flag+; while(!key1);keyflag=1; switch(pos_flag)case 1: write_com(0x80+4); /年 write_com(0x0f); /光標閃爍 break;case 2: write_com(0x80+7); /月 break;case 3: write_com(0x80+10);/日 break;case 4: write_com(0x80+0x40+0x0d); /星期 break;case 5: write_com(0x80+0x40+4); /時鐘 break;case 6: write_com(0x80+0x40+7);/分鐘 break;case 7: write_com(0x80+0x40+10);/秒鐘 break;default:break; if(pos_flag=8) /pos_flag=8則退出調(diào)整 pos_flag=0; keyflag=0; /按鍵標識清零 delay(5); settime(); write_com(0x0c); / 關光標 if(key2=0) /調(diào)節(jié)加鍵，按下（低電平）就加 delay(15); if(key2=0) while(!key2);switch(pos_flag)case 1: year+; if(year=99) year=0; write_com_date(0x84,0x30+year%10); write_com_date(0x83,0x30+year/10); break;case 2: month+; if(month=13) month=1; write_com_date(0x87,0x30+month%10); write_com_date(0x86,0x30+month/10); break;case 3: day+; if(year%4=0)&(month=2) /閏年 二月 29天 if(day=30) day=1; if(year%4!=0)&(month=2) /平年 二月 28天 if(day=29) day=1; if(month=1|month=3|month=5|month=7|month=8|month=10|month=12) /大月31天 if(day=32) day=1; if(month=4|month=6|month=9|month=11) /小月30天 if(day=31) day=1;write_com_date(0x8a,0x30+day%10); write_com_date(0x89,0x30+day/10); break;case 4: week+; if(week=8) week=1; write_com_date(0xcd,0x30+week); break;case 5: hour+; if(hour=24) hour=0; write_com_date(0xc4,0x30+hour%10); write_com_date(0xc3,0x30+hour/10); break;case 6: minute+; if(minute=60) minute=0; write_com_date(0xc7,0x30+minute%10); write_com_date(0xc6,0x30+minute/10); break;case 7: second+; if(second=60) second=0; write_com_date(0xca,0x30+second%10); write_com_date(0xc9,0x30+second/10); break; default:break; if(key3=0) delay(15); if(key3=0) while(!key3);switch(pos_flag)case 1: year-; if(year=0) year=99; write_com_date(0x84,0x30+year%10); write_com_date(0x83,0x30+year/10); break;case 2: month-; if(month=0) month=12; write_com_date(0x87,0x30+month%10); write_com_date(0x86,0x30+month/10); break;case 3: day-; if(year%4=0)&(month=2) /閏年 二月 29天 if(day=0) day=29; if(year%4!=0)&(month=2) /平年 二月 28天 if(day=0) day=28; if(month=1|month=3|month=5|month=7|month=8|month=10|month=12) /大月31天 if(day=0) day=31; if(month=4|month=6|month=9|month=11) /小月30天 if(day=0) day=30; write_com_date(0x8a,0x30+day%10); write_com_date(0x89,0x30+day/10); break;case 4: week-; if(week=0) week=7; write_com_date(0xcd,0x30+week); break;case 5: hour-; if(hour=0) hour=24; write_com_date(0xc4,0x30+hour%10); write_com_date(0xc3,0x30+hour/10); break;case 6: minute-; if(minute=0) minute=59; write_com_date(0xc7,0x30+minute%10); write_com_date(0xc6,0x30+minute/10); break;case 7: second-; if(second=0) second=59; write_com_date(0xca,0x30+second%10); write_com_date(0xc9,0x30+second/10); break; default:break; void main() init_lcd(); delay(2); init_ds1302(); delay(2); Disp_1602(1,0,20 - - week) ; Disp_1602(5,1,: :) ; while(1) if(keyflag=0) display(); keyscan(); #ifndef _lcd_h_#define _lcd_h_#include #define uchar unsigned char#define uint unsigned int sbit lcdrs=P20;sbit lcdrw=P21;sbit lcden=P22;void delay(uchar ms) uchar i; for(;ms0;ms-) for(i=110;i0;i-);void write_com(uchar com) /寫指令 lcden=0; lcdrs=0; lcdrw=0; P0=com; delay(1); lcden=1; delay(1); lcden=0;void write_data(uchar date) /寫數(shù)據(jù) lcden=0; lcdrs=1; lcdrw=0; P0=date; delay(1); lcden=1; delay(1); lcden=0;void write_com_date(uchar add,uchar date)write_com(add);delay(1);write_data(date);void Disp_1602(uchar x,uchar y,uchar *p) while(*p) if(y=0) x|=0x80; else x|=0xc0; write_com(x); delay(5); write_data(*p); x+; p+; void init_lcd() delay(15); write_com(0x38); delay(15); write_com(0x38); delay(5); write_com(0x38); write_com(0x0c