高考英語閱讀理解練習(xí)（8）（含解析）.doc

2014高考英語閱讀理解練習(xí)（8）及答案（解析） c82012全國卷 you may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it. you do not need to be strong. but you need to be quick. and you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.first, you must ask yourself，“where is the wind coming from? is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side？” you must think about this all the time on the boat. the wind direction tells you what to do with the sail.lets start with the wind blowing from behind. this means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction. then you must always keep the sail outside the boat. it should be at a 90angle(角度)to the boat. then it will catch the wind best.if the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat. in this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. it should be at a 45angle to the boat. it needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldnt flap(擺動)it shouldnt look like a flag on a flagpole. if it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down.sailing into the wind is not possible. if you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop. you may want to go in that direction. it is possible, but you cant go in a straight line. you must go first in one direction and then in another. this is called tacking. when you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat.45. what should you consider first while sailing?asailors strength. bwave levels.cwind directions. dsize of sails.46what does the word “it” underlined in paragraph 4 refer to?athe boat. bthe wind.cthe sail. dthe angle.47what do you have to do when sailing against the wind?amove in a straight line.ballow the sail to flap.clower the sail.dtack the boat.48where can you probably find the text?ain a popular magazine.bin a tourist guidebook.cin a physics textbook.din an official report.【要點綜述】本文主要介紹了航行中關(guān)于風(fēng)向的問題。首先要考慮風(fēng)向，然后再根據(jù)風(fēng)是從船的后面，側(cè)面還是前面來確定航行的方法。45. c細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句話“and you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.”和第二段的內(nèi)容，可知首先要考慮風(fēng)向的問題。a項是不需要考慮的，b項和d項沒有提及。46. c代詞指代題。結(jié)合第四段中“in this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat.”中的the sail可知后面的it指的是“風(fēng)帆”。而不是“船”，“風(fēng)”或“角度”。47. d細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從最后一段的“you may want to go in that direction.this is called tacking.”可知是逆風(fēng)航行的時候要不斷地改變方向，因此選d。48. a推理判斷題。本文主要涉及的是大眾的航行運動的知識，而不是有關(guān)旅游和物理方面的知識，也不是一個官方的報告，因此選a。c42013北京卷 aep portable heaterwe all know that the cost of heating our homes will continue to be a significant burden on the family budget. now millions of people are saving on their heating bills with the ep portable heater. with over one million satisfied customers around the world, the new ep heats better and faster, saves more on heating bills, and runs almost silent.the ep has no exposed heating parts that can cause a fire. the outside of the ep only gets warm to the touch so that it will not burn children or pets.the ep will not reduce oxygen in the room. with other heaters, youll notice that you get sleepy when the heat comes on because they are burning up oxygen.the advanced ep also heats the room evenly,_wall to wall and floor to ceiling. it comfortably covers an area up to 350 square feet. other heaters heat rooms unevenly with most of the heat concentrated to the center of the room. and they only heat an area a few feet around the heater. with the ep, the temperature will not vary in any part of the room.the ep comes with a 3year warranty(保修) and a 60day, no questions asked, satisfaction guarantee. if you are not totally satisfied, return it at our expense and your money will be given back to you.now we have a special offer for 10 days, during which you can enjoy a half price discount and a free delivery. if you order after that, we reserve the right to either accept or reject order requests at the discounted price.take action right now!56what is mainly discussed in paragraph 2?a. the heat of the ep. b. the safety of the ep.c. the appearance of the ep. d. the material of the ep.57from the passage, we can learn that the ep _a. doesnt burn up oxygen b. runs without any noisec. makes people get sleepy d. is unsuitable for children and pets58the underlined word “evenly” in paragraph 4 probably means _. a. continuously b. separatelyc. quickly d. equally59the main purpose of the passage is to _. a. persuade people to buy the productb. advise people to save on heating billsc. report the new development of portable heatersd. compare the functions of different heater brands【要點綜述】 這是一篇廣告，主要宣傳的是一種新型的取暖器。這種取暖器能降低耗電量，為業(yè)主省錢；安全，不傷害兒童及寵物；不消耗房間氧氣；供暖均勻，遍及房間任何地方；三年保修，60天包換；十天內(nèi)半價，免費送貨。56b 段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，主要講取暖器的安全問題。所以選b。57a 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容可知，這種取暖器不耗費氧氣。所以選a。選項b沒有提到；選項c、d的說法是錯誤的。58d 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段evenly之后的解釋“wall to wall and floor to ceiling”可知，墻與墻之間，地板到屋頂是全部的空間，因此加熱是均勻的。continuously連續(xù)不斷地；separately單獨地，個別地；quickly迅速地；equally平均地，均等地。59a 作者意圖題。根據(jù)文章前面介紹的內(nèi)容和最后的“take action right now！”可知，本文是產(chǎn)品銷售的廣告，目的是吸引人們購買。c42013大綱全國卷 d lowcost gifts for mothers daygift no. 1 offer to be your mothers health friend. promise to be there for any and all doctors visits whether a disease or a regular medical checkup. most mothers always say “no need，” but another set of eyes and ears is always a good idea at a doctors visit. the best part? this one is free.gift no. 2help your mother organize all of her medical records, which include the test results and medical information. put them all in one place. be sure to make a list of all of her medicines and what times she takes them. “having all this information in one place could end up saving your mothers life，” dr marie savard said.gift no. 3enough sleep is connected to general health conditions. “buy your mother cotton sheets and comfortable pillows to encourage better sleep，” savard said. “we know that good sleep is very important to our health.”gift no. 4some gift companies such as presents for purpose allow you to pay it forward this mothers day by picking gifts in which 10 percent of the price you pay goes to a charity (慈善機構(gòu)). gift givers can choose from a wide variety of useful but inexpensive thingsmany of which are “green”and then choose a meaningful charity from a list. when your mother gets the gift, she will be told that she has helped the chosen charity.68. what are you advised to do for your mother at doctors visits?a. take notes.b. be with her.c. buy medicine.d. give her gifts.69what can be a gift of organization for your mother?akeeping her medical information together.bbuying all gifts for her from one company.cmaking a list of her medical checkups.dstoring her medicines in a safe place.70where can you find a gift idea to improve your mothers sleep?a. in gift no. 1. b. in gift no. 2.c. in gift no. 3. d. in gift no. 4.71buying gifts from presents for purpose allows mothers to_a. enjoy good sleep b. be wellorganizedc. get extra support d. give others help【要點綜述】 本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，題材是廣告。作者介紹了4則母親節(jié)期間為母親提供禮物的廣告。68b細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一則廣告中的“promise to be there for any and all doctors visits whether a disease or a regular medical checkup.”(不管是疾病檢查還是定期的醫(yī)療檢查，你都一定要陪母親看醫(yī)生。)可知b正確。關(guān)鍵詞定位：文章中的promise to be there和be with her意思相同。69a細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二則廣告中的“help your mother organize all of her medical records, which include the test results and medical information.”可知選a。70c細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“improve your mothers sleep”定位第三則廣告中的“buy your mother cotton sheets and comfortable pillows to encourage better sleep”(給母親買棉床單和舒適的枕頭，讓母親睡眠更好)。由此可知c正確。71d推理判斷題。文章最后一段提到“present for purpose”，聯(lián)系該段中的“she will be told that she has helped the chosen charity.”可知，這個禮物可以讓母親給別人提供幫助。c82012遼寧卷 bastronauts on shorter shuttle missions(使命)often work very long days. tasks are scheduled so tightly that break times are often used to finish the days work. this type of schedule is far too demanding for long missions on the international space station(iss)iss crewmembers usually live in space for at least a quarter of a year. they work five days on and two days off to mimic the normal way they do things on earth as much as possible. weekends give the crew valuable time to rest and do a few hours of housework. they can communicate with family and friends by email, internet phone and through private video conferences.while astronauts cannot go to a baseball game or a movie in orbit, there are many familiar activities that they can still enjoy. before a mission, the family and friends of each iss crewmember put together a collection of family photos, messages, videos and reading material for the astronauts to look at when they will be floating 370 kilometers above the earth. during their mission, the crew also receives care packages with cds, books, magazines, photos and letters. and as from early 2010, the internet became available on the iss, giving astronauts the chance to do some “web surfing(沖浪)” in their personal time. besides relaxing with these more common entertainments, astronauts can simply enjoy the experience of living in space.many astronauts say that one of the most relaxing things to do in space is to look out the window and stare at the universe and the earth. both the shuttle and the iss circle the planet several times each day, and every moment offers a new view of the earths vast land mass and oceans.60what does the word “mimic” in paragraph 1 probably mean?afind. bcopy. cchange. dlose.61which of