高考英語二輪閱讀理解基礎訓練精品題（24）.doc

2014高考英語二輪閱讀理解基礎訓練精品題（24）及答案閱讀理解閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的四個選項(a、b、c和d)中，選出最佳答案。 disposing(處理)of waste has been a problem since humans started producing it.as more and more people choose to live close together in cities,the waste-disposal problem becomes increasingly difficult. during the eighteenth century,it was usual for several neighboring towns to get together to select a faraway spot as a dump site.residents or trash haulers(垃圾拖運者)would transport household rubbish,rotted wood,and old possessions to the site.periodically(定期的)some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried.the unpleasant sights and smells caused no problem because nobody lived close by. factories,mills,and other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of.those located on rivers often just dumped the unwanted remains into the water.others built huge burners with chimneys to deal with the problem. several facts make these choices unacceptable to modern society.the first problem is space dumps,which are now called landfills,are most needed in heavily populated areas.such areas rarely have empty land suitable for this purpose.property is either too expensive or too close to residential(住宅區(qū)的) neighborhoods.long-distance trash hauling has been a common practice but once farm areas are refusing to accept rubbish from elsewhere,cheap land within trucking distance of major city areas is almost nonexistent. awareness(意識) of pollution dangers has resulted in more strict rules of waste disposal. pollution of rivers,ground water,land and air is a price people can no longer pay to get rid of waste. the amount of waste,however,continues to grow. recycling efforts have become commonplace,and many towns require their people to take part.even he most efficient recycling programs,however,can hope to deal with only about 50 percent of a citys reusable waste.36.the most suitable title for this passage would be _.a.places for disposing waste b.waste pollution dangersc.ways of getting rid of waste d.waste disposal problem提示:第一段告訴了讀者本文的中心思想。答案:d37.during the 18th century,people disposed their waste in many ways except for _.a.burying it b.recycling itc.burning it d.throwing it into rivers提示:從文章第二、三段可知。答案:b38.what can be inferred from the fourth paragraph?a.farm areas accept waste from the city in modern society.b.there is cheap land to bury waste in modern society.c.it is difficult to find space to bury waste in modern society.d.ways to deal with waste in modern society stay the same.提示:實際所使用的垃圾處理方法是燒、埋、傾倒進河里。第四段論述了這些方法在現代社會的不可接受性。文中例數了用這些方法處理垃圾的問題，可見在方法上沒有進展。答案:d39.the main purpose of writing this article is to _.a.draw peoples attention to waste managementb.warn people of the pollution dangers we are facingc.call on people to take part in recycling programsd.tell people a better way to get rid of the waste提示:文章介紹了過去與現在的垃圾處理方法，論述了這種方法所帶來的問題和人們對這一問題的認識。最后一段強調利用回收的方法依然不能解決問題的嚴峻形勢。文章旨在引起人們對廢物管理的進一步關注。答案:a閱讀理解beijing - a recent chinese blockbuster （轟動的作品） “a world without thieves” is based on the experiences of a young migrant worker （民工）carrying 60,000 yuan on a train packed with thievesbut while the image of a warm-hearted but somewhat naive migrant worker may have made film fans chuckle, its a sure bet that most of chinas migrant workers are yet to step into a cinema to admire it“forty yuan a ticket? i cant afford it,” said shen jie, a migrant worker at a construction site in dongzhimen, east beijingshen found it hard to remember when he last watched a film, or what it was about“it must be 10 years ago,” he saidthough they are the builders of the nations theaters and cinemas, a limited cultural life is common among chinas 120 million migrant workersshen arrived from east chinas zhejiang province in1991life was better then; money seemed to come more easily“now, as more and more workers are rushing to the capital, its too hard to earn money, and none of us dare think about watching films,” he saidfor many like shen, the dream is earning enough to pay for their childrens education so they can find jobs in the cities and say goodbye to the hardships of rural life foreverthis drives them to work hard and save as much as possiblewith a monthly salary of less than 500 yuan, shen has to send money home to his little son and silver-haired parentsin shens small dormitory, which he shares with seven other co-workers, there is a well-thumbed copy of a magazine published in 1998a recent survey by local media revealed that 80 percent of migrant workers spent their spare time sleeping and chatting because of exhaust and a lack of incomethe same survey found that 47 percent of migrant workers have to work for more than 10 hours a dayaround 40 percent do not even possess a book, and nearly 60 percent say they are dissatisfied with their cultural lifelike many of shens co-workers, reading newspapers and hanging out in beijings streets provide evening entertainment from china daily9we can infer from the passage “a world without thieves” is a film that _ atalks about experiences of a group of thieves bdeals with the life of migrant workerscexplains how to catch thieves on trains dattracts many migrant workers10as for the migrant worker, shen jie, _alife was harder when he first came to work in beijingbhe enjoyed a lot of films ten years agochis wish was to pay for his sons education dthe capital is too hard a place for him to make any money11according the passage, which of the following is true _athe workers enjoy reading very much, no matter how old the magazines are bthe workers have so little to read that they often read the same magazine again and againcthe workers enjoy magazines because they are easy to understanddthe workers think highly of the copy of the magazine published in 199812the main idea of this passage is that migrant workers _ alack cultural experiencesbare not very well-paid in beijing care looked down upon by city people dneed the governments attention 參考答案c) dcba .（201*四川卷） in business, theres a speed difference: its the difference between how important a firms leaders say speed is to their competitive (競爭的) strategy（策略）and how fast the company actually moves. the difference is important regardless of industry and company size. companies fearful or losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.in our study of 343 businesses, the companies that chose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track, whats more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up “improved their top and bottom lines ,averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three-years period.how did they disobey the laws of business physics, taking more time than competitors yet performing better ? they thought differently about what “slower “and “faster” mean. firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operation speed (moving quickly ) and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ). simply increasing the speed of production, for example , may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference . but that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services.in our study, high performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary . they became more open to idea and discussion. they encouraged new ways of thinking. and they allowed time to look and learn. by contrast (相比而言). performance suffered at firms that moved falt all the among their employer , and had little time thinking about changes.strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership . teams that regularly take time to get things right , rather than plough ahead full bore , are more successful in meeting their business goals . that kind of strategy must come from the top.57 . what does the underlined part “gain an edge ” in paragraph 2 mean ? a. increase the speed. b. get an advantage. c. reach the limit. d. set a goal58. the underlined part “the laws of business physics” in paragraph 3 means _. a. spending more time and performing worse. b. spending more time and performing better c. spending less time and performing worse d. spending less time and performing better 59. what can we learn from the text? a. how fast a firm moves depends on how big it is. b. how competitive a firm is depends on what it produces. c. firms guided by strategic speed take time to make necessary changes. d. firms guided by operational speed take time to develop necessary team spirit.60. where could be the last title for the text? a. improve quality? serve better. b. deliver value? plough ahead. c. reduce time? move faster. d. need speed? slow down.【答案】bdcd閱讀理解閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的四個選項a、b、c和d中，選出最佳答案。 there is probably no field of human activity in which our values and lifestyles are shown more clearly and strongly than they are in the clothes that we choose to wear.the dress of an individual is a kind of “sign language” that communicates a set of information and is usually the basis on which immediate impressions are formed.traditionally,a concern for clothes was considered to be an affair of females,while men took pride in the fact that they were completely lacking in clothes consciousness(意識). this type of american culture is by degrees changing as man dress takes on greater variety and color.even as early as 1955,a researcher in michigan said that men attached rather high importance to the value of clothing in daily life. white collar workers in particular viewed dress as a symbol(象征)of ability,which could be used to impress or influence others,especially in the work situation.the white collar worker was described as extremely concerned about the impression his clothing made on his superiors(上司).although blue collar workers were less aware(察覺到的)that they might be judged on the basis of their clothing,they recognized that any difference from the accepted pattern of dress would be made fun of by fellow workers. since that time,of course,the patterns have changed:the typical office worker may now be wearing the blue shirt,and the laborer a white shirt;but the importance of dress has not become less.other researchers in recent years have helped to prove its importance in the lives of individuals at various age levels and in different social and economic status groups(階層).36.the passage tells us that _.a.our values and lifestyles are in no field of human activityb.the clothes that we choose to wear have something to do with our values and lifestylesc.our values and lifestyles are from the sign languaged.the clothes we choose to wear depend on a set of information and immediate impression提示:細節(jié)理解題。a、c、d三項內容與第一段前兩句敘述不符。答案:b37.traditionally,people usually thought that _.a.men cared very much for clothesb.women were concerned greatly about what they wore while men didntc.both men and women paid great attention to their clot