高三英語復習常見短語及考點：Break.doc

高三英語復習常見短語及考點：Break1. The computer system _suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet. (2006年遼寧卷) A. broke down B. broke out C. broke up D. broke in 解析：A由語境邏輯可以推出該空表示壞了，因此應填broke down. 2. To understand the grammar of the sentence，you must break it _ into parts. (2005年湖北卷) A. down B. up C. off D. out 解析：A break， down在此意為將，分解，符合語境邏輯。 3. I was still sleeping when the fire _ ，and then it spread quickly. (2006年廣東卷) A. broke out B. put out C. came out D. got out 解析：A由the fire與spread之間的語境邏輯可以推出該空表示(火災)發(fā)生，因此應填broke out.以上三題都是考查break短語的用法，本文在此對其做一歸納。 1. break down (1)破壞，毀掉;Who broke down the doors of our classroom?誰把我們教室的門打壞了? (2)破除;The old rules must be broken down. 這些陳舊的規(guī)章制度必須廢除。 (3)制服;The police tried to break down the prisoners opposition.警方設法制服囚犯的反抗。 (4)坍塌，壞掉;Because of explosion the bridge broke down last night. 由于爆炸，昨夜這座橋倒塌了。 (5)(計劃等)失敗，破裂;Your plan has broken down. What a pity!你的計劃失敗了，真遺憾! Why did the peace talks break down?為什么和談失敗了? (6)(健康、精神)崩潰;After a long time of hard work，he almost broke down. 長時間艱苦勞動之后，他的身體幾乎垮了。 (7) 分解This matter will break down in water. 這種物質(zhì)在水中會分解。 2. break up (1)解散，驅(qū)散。如：The police broke up the crowd (the meeting)。警察驅(qū)散了人群(集會)。 (2)(學校等)放假。如：When do you break up for Christmas?你們什么時候放圣誕節(jié)假? (3)結束，破裂。如：The weather shows signs of breaking up. 好天氣看樣要過去了。 Their marriage is breaking up. 他們的婚姻瀕臨破裂。 (4)擊碎，撞碎。如：The ship broke up on the rocks. 船觸礁撞毀了。 Lets break up the whole into parts. 讓我們化整為零。 (5)絕交。如：Shes just broken up with her boy-friend. 她剛與男朋友絕交。 3. break in破門而入，打斷Last night a thief broke in and stole away his camera. 昨夜一個小偷闖了進來，偷走了他的相機。 He broke in with some ideas of his own.他插了話，說了說自己的一些看法。 4.break into破門而入，突然，起來They broke into the prison and set free all the prisoners. 他們沖進監(jiān)獄，釋放了所有的囚犯。 Hearing the sad news，the old woman broke into tears. 聽到這個悲哀的消息，這位老年婦女突然哭了起來。 5. break out戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)，爭吵爆發(fā),(火災)發(fā)生When did the war break out?這場戰(zhàn)爭是什么時候爆發(fā)的? I have heard that a quarrel broke out between them. 我聽說他們之間爆發(fā)了爭吵。 More than one hundred fires broke out in our city last year. 去年我市發(fā)生了一百多起火災。 6. break away from打破陳規(guī);奮力掙脫;放棄習慣You must break away from these old customs. 你們必須破除這些舊風俗。 The dog broke away from its owner and ran away. 狗掙脫了主人，跑了。 Youd better break away from the habit of smoking. 你最好改掉吸煙的習慣。 7. break through 出現(xiàn)，突破It was a cloudy day，but the sun at last broke through.原本是個陰天，不過太陽最后還是出來了。 Our soldiers successfully broke through the enemys defences. 我們的戰(zhàn)士成功地突破了敵軍的防線。 8. break into pieces破成碎片The mirror fell to the ground and broke into pieces. 鏡子掉到地上摔成了碎片。 9. break ones word/promise食言，說話不算數(shù)I believe in him，because he never breaks his word / promise. 我信任他，因為他從來不食言。 10. break the law/rule違反法律/規(guī)章制度Nobody can break the rules of our company. 沒有人能違背我們公司的規(guī)章制度。 11. break forth突然發(fā)出，爆發(fā)，迸發(fā)，發(fā)作The crowd broke forth in cheers. 歡呼聲從人群中迸發(fā)出來。 12. break in two使破成兩半When I hit the ball，my bat broke in two. 擊球時我的球拍斷成兩截。 13. break the record打破紀錄This athlete has just broken the world record in mens high jump. 這名運動員剛剛打破了男子跳高世界紀錄。 14. break ones heart使某人心碎，使某人悲痛