2014年新版牛津譯林版5A-1-4單元語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納卷.doc

Unit11.There be句型表示“某處有某物”，be動(dòng)詞用is還是用are遵循下面的原則：be動(dòng)詞后面 如果跟的是單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，就用is; There is a pencil case in the school bag. There is some soup/milk /tea/coffee/juice/water/chocolate. be動(dòng)詞后面如果跟的是可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，就用are. There are some desks in the classroom. X k B 1 . c o mbe動(dòng)詞后面如果跟的是不止一種物品，就根據(jù)離它最近的物品選用is或are.(就近原則)There are some pictures and a telephone.There is a telephone and some pictures.2.There be 句型的否定形式：在be動(dòng)詞的后面加not（is not可以縮寫為isnt，are not可以縮寫為 arent）把some 改成any。例：There is a pencil in the pencil-box.（改為否定句）There isnt a pencil in the pencil-box.There are some crayons on the desk.（改為否定句）There arent any crayons on the desk.X k B 1 . c o m3.“some”和“any”都有“一些”的意思.“some”一般用于肯定句，“any”用于否定句和一般疑問句。但在一些表示委婉請(qǐng)求，想得到對(duì)方肯定回答的疑問句中，也用“some”.例：1.There are some watermelons in the basket.(肯定句)2.There arent any birds in the tree.(否定句)3.Are there any toy trains on the table?(疑問句)4.Would you like some tea?(表委婉請(qǐng)求)4.can在否定句中的用法：表示某人不能做某事時(shí)，通常在can后面加否定詞not,注意not一般與can連寫，也可縮寫成cant.后面加動(dòng)詞原形。 Bobby cannot(cant) see any cakes in the fridge. 新 課 標(biāo) 第 一 網(wǎng)Unit21. There be句型的一般疑問句：將be動(dòng)詞提前到there 之前,首字母大寫，句末用問號(hào)即可。其肯定答語為“Yes,there is/are.”;否定答語為“No,there isnt/arent.”。在疑問句中，要將some改為any。新-課 標(biāo)-第- 一-網(wǎng)1）There is a house near the park. (改為一般疑問句，并肯定回答)Is there a house near the park? Yes , there is.2）There are some desks and chairs in the classroom.(改為一般疑問句，并否定回答)Are there any desks and chairs in the classroom？No , there arent.2.特殊疑問句及答語 (1)提問主語為可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量時(shí)，用“how many”,句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：How many +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+are there+其他？（無論主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)） There is a football under the desk.(對(duì)劃線部分提問) X k B 1 . c o m How many footballs are there under the desk?“How many+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+are there?”本句型為there be句型的特殊疑問 句形式，表示“在某處某物的數(shù)量有多少？”?；卮饡r(shí)不用Yes/No,要給出具體的回答。How many days are there in a month? There are thirty. （2）提問句子的主語（包括主語前的修飾語）時(shí)，句型一律用“What is+地點(diǎn)介詞短語？”（無論主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)都用is）例：There are some bananas on the tree.Whats on the tree?3.序數(shù)詞：表示先后順序或等級(jí)的詞。first(第一)，second(第二)，third(第三)，序數(shù)詞用在句中時(shí)，要在其前面加上定冠詞the.4. on thefloor意為“在幾樓”用介詞“on” w W w .X k b 1.c O m5It is time for+名詞= It is time to+動(dòng)詞；是該做某事的時(shí)候了。 It is time for lunch.= It is time to have lunch.6. 賓格 :動(dòng)詞和介詞后面用人稱代詞的賓格。I me, you-you , he him, she her， they- themfollow me/him/her listen to me/him/her help me/him/her find him/herUnit31.have / has 用法：have 可用于第三人稱單數(shù)之外的所有人稱之后，has 只能用于第三人稱單數(shù)之后。have / has 的肯定句結(jié)構(gòu)為：（1） 主語（除第三人稱單數(shù)）+ have + 某物。（2） 主語（第三人稱單數(shù)）+ has+某物。have / has 的一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)為：X k B 1 . c o m（1） Do+ 主語（除第三人稱單數(shù)）+ have+ 某物 ？（2） Does +主語（第三人稱單數(shù)）+have +某物？have / has 的否定句結(jié)構(gòu)為：（1） 主語（除第三人稱單數(shù)）+ dont+ have + 某物。（2） 主語（第三人稱單數(shù)）+ doesnt+ have + 某物。2.can +動(dòng)詞原形Unit41. like + doing sth動(dòng)詞接ing:(1).一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加ing,如： think thinking stand standing(2).以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先去掉e,再加ing，如 skate skating make making dance dancing write writing have having ride riding come coming(3).以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母（閉音節(jié)），以及一個(gè)輔音字母，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing, 如： put putting run-running swim swimming jog jogging sit sitting http:/www.xkb1.co m作文范例 My hobbies I have many hobbies . I like watching films . I often watch films on Sundays with my friends, I like reading too. I like reading storybooks. I like my hobbies.My friends hobbies Nancy likes listening to music. She likes