剖析雅思作文限定性定語從句.docx

智課網(wǎng)IELTS備考資料剖析雅思作文限定性定語從句 接下來，智課教育雅思作文欄目小編要和大家詳解的就是雅思寫作語法限定性定語從句，希望能給大家的雅思作文備考有所幫助! 在雅思寫作中，一般的簡(jiǎn)單句會(huì)用一個(gè)形容詞做定語來修飾一個(gè)名詞，但當(dāng)定語成分太過復(fù)雜而不能只用單個(gè)形容詞擔(dān)當(dāng)時(shí)，就要借助于一個(gè)句子來做定語修飾名詞。 像這樣由句子擔(dān)當(dāng)定語，對(duì)被修飾的先行詞進(jìn)行有限定制約，使該詞的含義更具體，更明確，我們稱之為限定性定語從句，下面我們結(jié)合例句進(jìn)行對(duì)比學(xué)習(xí)： a)I dont like lazy people(形容詞做定語放在名詞前面). b)I dont like the people who never keep their words. 我不喜歡從不遵守諾言的人. 在限定性定語從句中，有兩個(gè)比較重要的概念。以b句為例,獨(dú)立主句是：I dont like the people;定語從句為“who neverkeep their words”，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞，做定語修飾名詞“the people”， 且從句和主句是由who來連接的。在定語從句中，“thepeople”被稱為先行詞，指被定語從句所修飾或限制的對(duì)象。“who”被稱為關(guān)系詞即重復(fù)指代先行詞，并在定語從句中充當(dāng)一定成分的連詞。 從上面的解析不難看出，關(guān)系詞在限定性定語從句中很重要，是連接主句和從句的關(guān)鍵。關(guān)系詞可以分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，下面我們一起來進(jìn)行具體的學(xué)習(xí)。 I.關(guān)系代詞主要有：who, whom, whose, which, that. A. 當(dāng)先行詞為人時(shí)，可用關(guān)系代詞who,whom,whose 和that. a. 若關(guān)系代詞在從句中做主語時(shí)，選用 who 或that. eg：The woman is a responsible teacher who /that is loved by herstudents. = The woman is a responsible teacher and she is loved by her students. b. 若關(guān)系代詞在從句中做賓語時(shí)，選用 whom(首選),who 或that. eg: The girl whom we are talking about is a good friend of us. c. 若關(guān)系代詞在從句中做定語,表示人的所有關(guān)系時(shí)，選用 whose 或of whom. Eg:I know a friend whose sister is a famous dancer. = I know a friend. His sister is a famous dancer. (whose 代替了his,指人friend) B.當(dāng)先行詞為物時(shí)，可用關(guān)系代詞which, that 或whose. a. 若關(guān)系代詞在從句中做主語或賓語時(shí)，選用 which 或that. Eg:These are the trees which / that are destroyed in the fire(做主語). b. 若關(guān)系代詞在從句中做定語,表示物的所有關(guān)系時(shí)，選用 whose 或of which. Eg:The children saw an elephant whose legs were hurt badly. 綜上所述，當(dāng)先行詞為人和物時(shí)，若在從句中做主語或是賓語，這時(shí)可用選用關(guān)系代詞that，做定語時(shí)用whose. II. 關(guān)系副詞主要有：where,when 和why. A. 當(dāng)先行詞為表示地點(diǎn)的名詞時(shí)，定語從句由副詞where引導(dǎo). In the sixth century BC, ancient Greece was a country where there were alot of new ideas. B. 當(dāng)先行詞為表示時(shí)間的名詞時(shí)，定語從句由副詞when引導(dǎo). Plato lived at a time when philosophy was very fashionable. C. 當(dāng)先行詞為表示原因的名詞時(shí)，定語從句由副詞why引導(dǎo). Can you tell me the reason why you lied to me? 需要注意的是，限制性定語從句不能被省略，否則句意就不完整，例如I met someone who sa