浙江省高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 說理議論閱讀理解（5）.docVIP

說理議論閱讀理解（5）說理議論（閱讀理解）由 (2013天津,b)改編last nights meteor(流星) shower left many people in the community dissatisfied and demanding answers.according to gabe rothschild,emerald valleys mayor,people gathered in the suburbs of the city,carrying heavy telescopes,expecting to watch the brightly burning meteors passing through the sky.what they found instead was a sky so brightened by the citys lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead.“my family was so frustrated,”admitted town resident duane cosby.“we wanted to make this an unforgettable family outing,but it turned out to be a huge disappointment.”astronomersscientists who study stars and planetshave been complaining about this problem for decades.they say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past.they call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it.there is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution.this population consists of birds,bats,frogs,snakes,etc.for example,outdoor lighting severely affects migrating(遷徙的)birds.according to the international dark-sky association,“100 million birds a year throughout north america die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers.”countless more animal casualties(傷亡)result from the use of artificial lighting.clearly,people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings,but some scientists think it can be harmful for humans,too.they worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase a persons chances of getting cancer.emerald valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of light pollution.for years,flagstaff,arizona,has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the lowell observatory.similar efforts have been made worldwide,and a movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them,so that other creatures can share the night.1.it happened last night that .a.the citys lights affected the meteor watchingb.the meteors flew past before being noticedc.the city light show attracted many peopled.the meteor watching ended up a social outing2.what do the astronomers complain about?()a.meteor showers occur less often than before.b.their observation equipment is in poor repair.c.light pollution has remained unsolved for years.d.their eyesight is failing due to artificial lighting.3.what is the author concerned about according to paragraph 4?()a.birds may take other migration paths.b.animals living habits may change suddenly.c.varieties of animals will become sharply reduced.d.animals survival is threatened by outdoor lighting.4.lighting regulations in flagstaff,arizona are put into effect to .a.lessen the chance of getting cancerb.create an ideal observation conditionc.ensure citizens a good sleep at nightd.enable all creatures to live in harmony5.what message does the author most want to give us?()a.saving wildlife is saving ourselves.b.great efforts should be made to save energy.c.human activities should be environmentally friendly.d.new equipment should be introduced for space study.語篇解讀:城市燈光的亮度超過了夜空中的星光,這使得觀看夜空的人們受到影響,也破壞了生態(tài)平衡,影響了其他生物。答案及剖析:1.a細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句“what they found instead was a sky so brightened by the citys lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead.”可知,因為城市的燈光太亮,掩蓋了流星的光芒,影響了流星的觀賞,故選a項。2.c細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句話及第二句可知,天文學(xué)家們在抱怨光污染影響他們的觀測,而這個問題幾十年來懸而未決。故選c項。3.d推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段第二句“this population consists of birds,bats,frogs,snakes,etc.”以及之后的例子可推斷出,作者關(guān)注的是光污染已經(jīng)給動物的生存帶來了極大的威脅。4.b細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段中的for years,flagstaff,arizona,has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the lowell observatory.可知,他們制定該條例的目的是為天文學(xué)家創(chuàng)造一個理想的觀測條件。5.c推理判斷題。作者通過講述光污染對觀測天象的影響和對動物生存的威脅告訴我們,人類的行為要有利于環(huán)境?！鹃L難句子分析】what they found主語從句 instead狀語 was系動詞 a sky so brightened by the citys lights表語 that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead.結(jié)果狀語從句然而,他們所看到的是城市的燈光照得天空如此明亮,以致影響到了人們觀看流星雨了。閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文, 從給的四個選項 (a、b、c和d) 中, 選出最佳選項?！?014江西六校高三聯(lián)考】most people will answer a ringing phone.usually you dont know who is phoning or how urgent their business is，so a ringing phone is difficult to ignore.in one experiment，a researcher wrote down the numbers of several public phones in stations and airports.then he called the numbers.someone nearly always answered.when he asked why，people usually said，“because it rang.”a few years ago in new jersey，a man with a rifle killed 13 people.armed police surrounded his house but he refused to come out.a reporter found out the phone number of the house and called.the man put down his rifle and answered the phone.“what do you want？” he said，“im really busy right now.”imagine you are at work and the phone is ringing in someone elses office.do you answer it or not？in one survey on telephone use,51% of participants told researchers that they did.we cant ignore the phone and for that reason，it forces its way into our life.it interrupts what we are doing and on top of that，the caller is often someone we dont really want to talk to.however，in the survey,58% said they never took the phone off the hook，and 67% didnt mind if someone called during a television programme.for 44% it wasnt a problem if someone rang during a meal，while only 28% were annoyed or upset.if someone phoned in the middle of the night,40% told researchers that they got nervous or frightened，while around 30% got angry.of course，when someone is really annoying，you can choose to hang up on him/her.this is in fact one of the rudest things you can do on the phone，but 79% said they were prepared to do it in some cases.only 6% told researchers they never hung up on people.1in the experiment，people answered the researchers phone_.ain order to help him gather the data bfor fear that it was urgentcto test the function of the phone dto show their interest in the survey2the gunman answered the phone because_.ahe decided not to give up his resistance to the policebhe intended to be friendly with the mediache wanted to tell the reporter that he was too busy to offer any informationdhe tended to answer a ringing phone3according to paragraph 3，most people_when they were doing their work or watching television.arefused to answer the phone in someone elses officebcouldnt ignore the phonecminded the ringing of the phonedkept the phone ringing4what is implied by the sentence “79% said they were prepared to do it in some cases”？athey also agreed to hang up on others regardless of rudeness.bthey were prepared to punish those rude callers.cthey were annoying rude callers.dthey were going to hang on annoying phones.5the purpose of the survey is to find out_.ahow the phone interrupts peoples workbwhat role the phone plays in peoples livescwhy people mind a ringing phone sometimesdwhen the phone communication is more welcome語篇解讀本文是一篇調(diào)查報道。實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)，大多數(shù)人都會接聽正在響著的電話，因為他們想知道是誰在打電話或者擔(dān)心有什么緊急情況。1解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句可知，人們接聽電話是因為他們想知道是誰在打電話或者擔(dān)心有什么緊急情況。答案：b2解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容并結(jié)合文章大意可知，那位殺人犯之所以接聽了電話，是因為他和多數(shù)人一樣，不能不理會正在響著的電話。答案：d3解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第四句“we cant ignore the phone and for that reason，it forces its way into our life.”可知，多數(shù)人在工作或看電視時，當(dāng)聽到電話響了會去接聽。答案：b4解析：句意理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段內(nèi)容可知，當(dāng)接聽了電話后，如果對方令人討厭，你當(dāng)然可以掛斷他或她的電話。雖然這是在打電話時很沒禮貌的行為，但79%的人說如果碰到類似情況他們也會那樣做。答案：a5解析：寫作意圖題。通讀全文可知，本文的寫作目的是為了調(diào)查人們?yōu)槭裁磿ソ勇犝陧懼碾娫挼脑颉４鸢福篶。閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文, 從給的四個選項 (a、b、c和d) 中, 選出最佳選項。【2014山東省實驗中學(xué)二?！縢enzeb tibeb is very bright.at only 11 years old，her future is looking promising.she is ranked 2nd out of 56 students at her government school in addis ababa，ethiopia where she has been selected for a special program because of her talent.she knows she is special and proudly shows off her certificate and book signifying her accomplishments in this special program.but her future hasnt always looked so bright.while her mother，bekelech，sacrificed immensely for genzeb，she would not have been able to continue sending her to school.when her husband died，bekelech was the sole provider，for their five children.in order for them to survive，she began the daily routine of walking approximately 810 miles a day collecting sticks to sell near her 810 home in kichone.it wouldnt have been long before genzeb would have been forced to quit school in order to help her mom.but bright future changed all that.genzeb has been at bright future for 3 years.since ethiopian schools let out early，genzeb walks to the facility right after lunch.because of her high ability，she even helps teach the younger children there，building confidence and locking in important foundational academic skills.theres also other meaningful opportunities genzeb experiences which allow her eyes to be opened to the different opportunities that are available to her if she completes her studies.field trips are one of her most favorite activities of all.she especially loved the one to addis ababa university.she knows it goes beyond fun trips，though.“i am happy because i get extra help for school from bright future.”genzeb shares.at so many levels，her involvement with bright future allows her to receive a better education，which she values.for one day she wants to help people in need by becoming a doctor.and now she knows，that with a lot of hard work，that dream might just become a reality.1what does the underlined word “sole” in the second paragraph probably mean?aimportant bmain cunable donly2according to the text，what is the major factor that can help genzeb tibeb continue her school?abright future.bher talent.cher mother.dher school.3from the text we can learn_.agenzeb tibeb quitted school for several yearsbgenzeb tibeb was admitted into a famous universitycgenzeb tibeb was involved in bright future activitiesdgenzeb tibeb had to earn a living by herself4according to the text，what is bright fu