英語新聞聽力技巧.ppt

TheSkillsforEnglishNewsListening ToknowthestructureofEnglishnewsreport TomemorizethecommonwordsusedintheEnglishnews TomasteranumberofAcronym Toknowthedifferentpronunciationsofsamenumber Todotheexercisestepbystep Topayattentiontothegreatdomesticandforeignevents 掌握新聞報道的結構新聞報道往往采用 倒金字塔體 所謂 倒金字塔體 也稱為倒途法 即按新聞事實重要性的程度由要點到細節(jié)逐步擴展 安排全文 把最重要的事實置于全文的第一個句子中 這個句子被稱為新聞導語 thenewslead 它告知聽眾最關心最重要的事實 如事件 what 時間 when 地點 where 人物 who 以及原因和方式 why how 即新聞導語包含了我們常說的五個WH和一個H構成的 新聞六大要素 新聞導語是整條新聞的高度濃縮形式 聽懂了導語 也就聽懂了新聞的主要內容 當然 由于新聞報道的側重點不同 有時新聞導語也可能只包含其中幾個要素 Ageneralpatterninanewsstoryisaninverted pyramidstyle Itmovesfromthemostimportanttotheleastimportant Themainideausuallyoccursinthefirstoneortwosentences Inlongsentences whatcanwefocuson Fivemainwh elements Englishsentence likeatree iscomposedbythetrunkandleaves Findthetrunkandyouwillseethewholetreeandthenthewood OilministersoftheOrganizationofPetroleumExportingCountrieswillholdanemergencymeetingFriday What AnemergencymeetingwillbeheldWhen FridayWho OilMinistersOftheOrganizationofPetroleumExportingCountries 普通詞匯 盡管新聞報道所使用的詞匯量很大 但是語言的基本詞匯是穩(wěn)定的 如VOA廣播中的specialEnglish 特別節(jié)目 的新聞報告中常用詞匯約1500個 這的重復率在報道中是很高的 如cease fire presidentialelection等政治性詞匯 financebankinggroup等經濟詞匯以spaceshuttle robot等科技詞匯 專有詞匯 Propernames 新聞報道是有關世界范圍的最新消息 因在報道中常涉及許多人名 地名 國名 除此之外 新聞報道中還常常出現(xiàn)一些河流 山脈及名勝古跡等專有名詞熟悉這些專有名詞可使聽者更快更準確地了解所聽的新聞 Himalayas MountEverest NilesRiver Geneva Ebola 由于新聞報道時間的限制 不少機構的名稱常采用其縮略形式 即由該名稱中數(shù)個詞的首字母的大寫形式組成 如 PLO是thePalestineLiberationOrganization的縮寫形式 需要注意的是 聽者不僅要了解這些縮略語的確切含義 而且還應知道它們的正確讀音 APEC OPEC IMF UNESCO CPPCC NATO IOC IRC WTO WHO WB 在新聞報道中經常出現(xiàn)許多數(shù)字 大到幾十億 上百億 小到分數(shù)或小數(shù) 尤其對一些多位數(shù)的數(shù)字 要想立刻聽準這些數(shù)字的確不容易 其主要難點在于位數(shù)過多 因此在聽多位數(shù)的數(shù)字時 應對billion 十億 million 百萬 thousand 千 hundred 百 等詞尤為重視 同時 要注意一個數(shù)字的多種讀法 如播音員把兩個足球隊比賽結果2 0讀作twotonothing而不是讀成twotonought或twotozero 152 489 3573 695 741 526 目前 許多外臺 如BBC VOA 的新聞英語報道有特別英語 SpecialEnglish 和標準英語 StandardEnglish 兩種 所謂SpecialEnglish也可稱為慢速英語 即新聞播放的語速較慢 就VOA而言 慢速英語每分鐘不超過90個單詞 而且新聞報道均是由簡單易懂的英語縮寫的 因此較適合初級階段的新聞英語訓練 然而它畢竟有其局限性 只能作為聽力訓練的一種手段 而不是新聞英語訓練要達到的最終目的 要想過真正通過新聞英語這一關 還必須進行StandardEnglish的訓練 StandardEnglish也可稱為常速英語 即新聞英語是用正常的語速播送的 就VOA而言 常速英語每分鐘為135個單詞 而且句法和詞匯方面的難度也大些 經過從慢速英語到常速英語相當長一段時間練習后 收聽新聞英語的能力一定會有很大提高 平時應養(yǎng)成多看報紙 常聽廣播的習慣 這樣就可以掌國際 國內的一些階段性的熱門話題及一些有爭論的問題 若有可能的話 最好在收聽新聞英語之前 先聽一下漢語新聞廣播 對于當天國際 國內發(fā)生的一些大事做到心中有數(shù) 然后 再收聽外臺的新聞英語報道 由于已有了一定背景知識 這些新聞英語報道就容易聽懂了 當然在更高層次上也可以先聽英語新聞 然后驗之以漢語新聞 收聽英語新聞廣播時有兩點要注意 聽懂英語新聞廣播必須要有一定的聽力理解水平 因對于外語初學者來說 應著重提高自己的英語聽力水平 不要急于收聽外臺新聞廣播 到了中高級階段開始收聽英語新聞廣播較為合適 聽者除掌握以上提到的技巧外 還必須多聽多練 持之以恒地堅持聽下去 就能最終達到 能聽懂外臺英語新聞廣播 這一目標 IthasbeennearlythreeyearssincePresidentBarackObama whathasbeencalledthe Asiapivot ThetermdescribesincreasingattentiononEastAsiaandthePacificafterreducingAmerican inIraqandAfghanistan Thisweek PresidentObamaleftWashingtonforaweeklongtriptofourAsiancountries Thetripaimedto U S supportforthesecurityofAsian andforreducingtrade amongPacificnations Mr ObamaarrivedinJapanWednesdayatatimewhenanumberofalliesareconcernedaboutChina smilitary ManyJapanesehavenotedthefailureoftheObamaadministrationtoactonitsthreatstoattackSyria Theyhaveseentheadministration s toprovidemilitaryaidto TheJapaneseareworriedthattheUnitedStatesmaynotcometoJapan said announced involvement restate allies barriers expansion unwillingness Ukraine OnThursday thepresidentsaidtheU S would adefensetreatywithJapanifChinaseizesa groupofislands TheislandsareknownasSenkakuinJapanandasDiaoyuinChina Mr ObamaspokeaftertalkswithJapanesePrimeMinisterShinzoAbe ThetreatybetweentheUnitedStatesandJapan mybirth soobviouslythisisn taredlinethatI mdrawing Itisthestandardinterpretationovermultipleadministrationsofthetermsofthealliance whichisthat undertheadministrationofJapanarecoveredunderthetreaty There snoshiftin There snoredlinethat sbeendrawn We resimply thetreaty honor disputed preceded territories position applying ListeningPractice ExerciseOne 1 Identifythefivemainwh elements 2 Retellwhathaveyouheard 3 Fillintheblanks NorthKoreaisthreateningto anewnucleartestin toaU N committee s ofallegedhumanrightsabusesbyPyongyang AUNGeneralAssemblyCommitteeresolutionrecommendsthe referNorthKoreatotheInternationalCriminalCourtforallegedcrimesagainsthumanity NorthKoreasaystheresolutionis filledwith slanders conduct response condemnation SecurityCouncil vicious ExerciseTwo ListeningDictation AnewUnitedNationsreportfindsthepresenceoflargenumbersofsophisticatedweaponsaswellasforeignfighters includingRussiansoldiers areworseningthehumanrightssituationineasternUkraine LisaSchleinhasdetails ThisseventhU N monthlyreportonUkraineshowsthesituationintherebel controlledareasofeasternUkrainehasworsened Thereportsaysmorethan4 300peoplewerekilledandmorethan9 900woundedintheconflict affectedareasfrommid ApriltoNovember18th AccordingtotheU N anaverageof13peoplehavebeenkilledeverydaysincethegovernmentandrebelsreachedagreementonacease fireinearlySeptember LisaSchleinforVOANews Geneva ExerciseThree Answerthefollowingquestions 1 What sthePresidentgoingtodoinaboutthreehours 2 What spurposeofthePresident snewplan 3 WhatdoesthePresidentthinkoftheimmigrationpolicies 4 WherecanwehearthePresident sremarks ExerciseFour TheUnitedStatessaysnewwesterneconomic againstRussiaforits inUkrainewilltargetMoscow sdefenseindustryandcompanieswithcloselinkstoPresidentVladimirPutin SpeakingonUSnewsshowSunday nationalsecurityadviserTonyBlinkensaidthatstartingthisweek thelatestsanctionswould whathecalledadditionalpressureonthecorporateofficials toMr Putinandthecompaniestheycontrol EarliersanctionstargetedatsomebankingactivitiesandothercorporateofficialsclosetoMr Putin sanctions involvement deputy exert closest Fillintheblanks ExerciseFive Answerthefollowingquestions 1 Whathasagrandjurydeclinedtodo 2 Whohasbeenkilledandhow 3 Wheredidhedie 4 Howdidthefamily slawyerfeelaboutthedecision Fillintheblanks AgrandjuryinNewYorkhasdeclinedtopress chargesagainstawhitepoliceofficerinconnectionwiththedeathofanunarmedblackmaninJuly EricGarnerwaskilledbythepoliceman s apracticebannedbytheNewYorkpolicedepartment NickBryantreportsfromNewYork EricGarner sdeath widespreadoutrageafteravideooftheincidentwaspostedonline inbroaddaylight itclearlyshowsawhitepoliceofficerholdingtheunarmedblackmanina EricGarner whosufferedfrom canbeheardgasping Ican tbreathe Ican tbreathe criminal stranglehold sparked Filmed headlock asthma Asecondvideoshowedhimlying ontheground withpoliceandparamedicsmakingnoapparenteffortto him Helaterdiedinhospital ThegrandjuryinStatenIslandhadbeenaskedtoconsiderwhetherto thepoliceofficerwhoheldhiminaheadlock DanielPantaleo Butithasdecidedagainstbringinganycriminalcharges TheGarnerfamily slawyersaidhewas motionless revive indict astonished Dictationone TheBritishgovernmenthasexpresseddisappointmentatChina sdecisiontodenyaBritishParliamentarycommitteepermissiontoenterHongKongtoconductaninquiry ABritishforeignofficespokesmansaidtherefusalwasnotinthespiritofagreementssigned30yearsagoforthetransferofHongKongsovereigntyfromBritaintoChina Dictationtwo StudentleadersandtheHongKonggovernmenthaveagreedtoholdformaltalksaboutendingthepro democracydemonstrationswhicharestillblockingsomeroadsinthecity Nofirmdatehasbeensetforthetalks TheBBCcorrespondentinHongKongsaysBeijinghasmadeclearthatit sunwillingtogiveuptherighttodecidewhocanstandforelectionastheterritory sleaderin2017 Theprotestorshaveliftedablockadeofgovernmentoffices buthundredsremainonthestreets Answerthefollowingquestions 1 What sthemainideaofthispieceofnews 2 Howmanypeoplehavebeenkilled 3 Whathappenedaftertheblast 4 Howmanypeoplewereinjured Andwhy A carbombingintheIraqicapitalBaghdadhaskilledatleast15people Iraqiofficialssaidthebomberblewhimselfupafter avehiclecrampedwith intoasecuritycheckpointintheShiiteDistrictofKadhimiya Theblastwas byamortarfire TheareainnorthernBaghdadisthesiteofamajorShiiteshrine Securitysourcessaidamortarround neartheshrine Morethan30Peoplewereinjured suicide ramming explosives landed followed Trueorfalse 1 PresidentObamasayshehopestoseeChinabecomeprosperous 2 TheAPECsummitwasheldinShanghai 3 AltogetherPresidentObamavisitedAsianinetimes 4 Theshort termtouristandbusinessvisatoAmericacanlastforonetotenyears PresidentBarackObamasayshisgovernmentwelcomestheriseofaprosperousandpeacefulChina HemadethecommentduringaspeechtobusinessleadersattheAsia PacificEconomicCooperationsummitinBeijing ThisismysixthtriptoAsiaasPresidentandmysecondthisyearalone Andthat sbecauseasI vesaidoneachofmyvisits AmericaisthoroughlyaPacificnation We vealwayshadahistorywithAsiaandourfuture oursecurityandourprosperityisinextricablyintertwinedwithAsia PresidentObamaalsoannouncedanewvisapolicywithChina onethatwillincreasethevalidityofshort termtouristandbusinessvisasissuedtooneanother scitizensfromonetotenyears Fillintheblanks Policeandmedicalworkersmancheckpointsonthe ofKenemainSierraLeone thesiteofanEbolaoutbreakthatisspreadingacrossWestAfrica Authoritiesareforcingpeopletotestforthedisease some trytoavoiddetection todieinsecret Ebolacausesfever vomiting bleedinganddiarrhea Itisspreadthroughcontactwiththebloodorotherfluidsof people Doctorssayalackofunderstandingiscontributingtoitsrapidspread Porousbordersbetweentheinfectedcountriesmakeitdifficultto Thedeathtollfromtheoutbreakisgrowing Doctorswarntheresponsehassofarbeenfarfrom HenryRidgwell forVOANews London outskirts victims preferring infected contain adequate Trueorfalse 1 TheFrenchculturalministerhasn treadasinglenovel 2 Thisyear sNobelPrizeforliteraturewasawardedtoanEnglish 3 Takinguptheministerialpostleavenotimeforhertoreadbooks 4 People sattitudestowardherexplanationarequitedifferent TherehasbeenshockinFranceattherevelationthatthecountry scultureministerhasn treadasinglenovelinthepasttwoyears TheministerFleurPellerinmadetheadmissionwhilebeinginterviewedonthetelevisionabouttheFrenchwinnerofthisyear sNobelPrizeforliteraturePatrickModiano OurcorrespondentLucyWilliamsonwaswatching Intheinterviewyesterday Mrs Pellerindescribedhavinghadawonderfullunchwiththewriterinquestion PatrickModiano butwasn tabletosaywhichofhistitlesshepreferredbecauseshesaidshehadn thadtimetoreadhisbooksorindeedanyotherssincetakingupaministerialposttwoyearsago Mrs Pellerin scommentshavecausedalivelydebateonsocialmediawithsomeaccusingherofbeingatechnocratbutmanysympathizewithhersituation OurcorrespondentLucyWilliamsonwasreportingfromParis Multiplechoices 1 WhatdoesSyrianPresidentthinkoftheUNproposal Itismeaningless B itisuseles sC itisworthytobestudied D itisconstructive 2 What sthegoaloftheplan TobringpeacetothecityinbattleTodistributesomefoodtotherefugeeputpressureontheSyriangovernmentToreconstructthecountry 3 Howmanypeoplediedinthecivilwar 20 000B 120 000C 200 000D 12 000 Fillintheblanks SyrianPresidentBasharalAssadsaysaU N proposalfora inrebel contestedAleppowas studying Mr Assadsaystheplanwouldneedtobeworkedontoachieveitsgoalsof returningsecurity tothe city Theplanenvisionsa infightingtoallowforhumanitarianaidthroughaseriesofsmall scale locally negotiated Syria sthree yearcivilwarhas atleast200 thousandlives cease fire worth embattled freeze truces claimed Dictation TheUnitedNationsWeatherAgencyhas thattheworldisoncourseforthewarmestyearsincerecordsbegan whichitsays arisingtrendconsistentwithclimatechange TheHeadoftheUNClimateChangeSecretaryChristianaFigueressaidthathightemperaturesofvastareasoftheoceansurfacewere worrying Theheatisbeing bytheoceans Thereisnodoubtthattheoceancontinuestowarmandthatonaveryveryconsistentbasis andwhatitisdoing isdoingusalittle Theyareabsorbingtheheatthatcouldhavegonetothelandandpayingtheprice warned confirms particularly absorbed frankly favor Fillintheblanks AnEgyptiancourt theIslamicStateasa terrorist group ThecourtsaidSundaythatitalsoconsidersalloftheaffiliatesofthe grouptobeterroristorganizations includingAnsarBeital Maqdis anEgyptianjihadigroupthatpledgedits totheIslamicStateearlierthismonth Meanwhile Syrianactivistssaythatinthelastdayatleast50IslamicState werekilledintheongoingfightforcontrolofKobani aSyriantownjustsouthofthe border TheSyrianObservatoryforHumanRightssaysthemilitantswerekilledin fightingwithKurdishforces U S andsuicidebombattacks ElevenKurdishforcesinKobaniwerekilled ThisisVOANews designated insurgent allegiance militants Turkish intense airstrikes Answerthefollowingquestions 1 WhatwouldhappentothedeposedEgyptianPresident 2 WhereisthePresidentnowandwhy 3 WhatisacourtdecisionaboutthePresident 4 WhatdidthestudentsdoonSunday ThelawyerfordeposedEgyptianpresidentHosniMubaraksayshecouldsoonbefreed havingservedtwo thirdsofa sentenceandclearedinthedeathsofanti governmentdemonstratorsin2011 Mr Mubarak now86yearsold isbeingheldinamilitaryhospital servingathree yearsentenceinthe case ButhisattorneysaystheformerEgyptianleadercouldbe earlyunderanewEgyptian thatfreesprisonersaftertheyhaveservedtwo thirdsoftheirsentences EgyptianauthoritiessaytwopeoplewerekilledandnineinjuredSaturdaynightinprotestsfollowingacourtdecisiontodropmurderchargesagainstMr Mubarakinthe2011 inCairothatledtohis Healsowas ofaseparatecorruptioncharge HundredsofstudentsprotestedonSundayatuniversitiesthroughoutEgypt corruption graft released provision uprising ouster acquitted Multiplechoices 1 Whatisthepurposeofthetalksinthenextfewmonth TonegotiateaboutthedisagreementTodiscusstheworldsecuritysituationC Toprovidesomefinancialaids D Tonormalizetherealtionships 2 WhatdidAmericathinkofCubabe