單項(xiàng)選擇(代詞).doc

學(xué)而思教育學(xué)習(xí)改變命運(yùn) 思考成就未來！ 高考網(wǎng)專題 5 單項(xiàng)選擇（代詞）直擊考綱1、每年必考，貫穿于各個試題類型2、在廣泛掌握代詞基礎(chǔ)知識的前提下，強(qiáng)調(diào)在具體語境中理解和使用代詞。熱點(diǎn)綜觀1、知識圖譜人稱代詞主格I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they賓格me, it, us, you, them 等物主代詞形容詞性my, its, our, your, their等名詞性mine, yours, his, its, ours等反身代詞myself, ourselves, themselves等指示代詞this, that, these, those, such, 相互代詞each other, one another不定代詞可數(shù)one, each, many, (a)few, both, another, either, neither 不可數(shù)much, (a)little可數(shù)/不可數(shù)any, other, all, some復(fù)合anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone, everybody, everything, nobody, nothing疑問/連接代詞who, whom, whose, which, what關(guān)系代詞who, whom, whose, which, that2、重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 人稱代詞主格和賓格的基本用法。 名詞性物主代詞和形容詞性物主代詞的用法。 疑問代詞的用法、不定代詞的用法。 反身代詞以及由反身代詞構(gòu)成的短語的用法。 it, that, one和those作替代詞的用法。3、熱點(diǎn)冷點(diǎn) 反身代詞和某些動詞或介詞連用構(gòu)成的短語。 某些代詞在句型結(jié)構(gòu)中的固定使用。 it, that, one作替代詞的用法區(qū)別。 限定詞的順序，此類考題出現(xiàn)不多，是考生較難把握的一個知識點(diǎn)。經(jīng)典與原創(chuàng)例1 （2005江西高考）Cars do cause us some health problems in fact far more serious _ than mobile phones do. A. one B. ones C. it D. those互動本題考查的是不定代詞的用法。根據(jù)題意“汽車確實(shí)給我們帶來一些健康問題 實(shí)際上比手機(jī)帶來的問題嚴(yán)重得多”，可見比較對象是problems，用ones指代上文提到的事物中的“某些”，than mobile phones do是than those problems mobile phones cause的省略。答案B小結(jié)做這類題目一定要熟悉各代詞的指代意義和用法，如it, these, those前不用修飾性詞語，而one, ones則可以。例2 Its raining outside. I just need an umbrella, so _ will do. A. one B. anyone C. it D. any one互動本題考查不定代詞的用法。one是非特指，相當(dāng)于an umbrella，而it是特指就是上文提到過的那個事物，本題中沒有任何特定所指事物，故也不合適。anyone = anybody只代人，也因排除。any one = any umbrella，“任何一把傘”。答案D小結(jié)any用在肯定句中，意思是“任何”，多用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，如：Come and see me any day next week. 下個禮拜的任何一天都可以來看我。因此any one既可指人也可指物，后面可以跟of結(jié)構(gòu)，如：I dont know any one of them. 他們當(dāng)中我一個也不認(rèn)識。- Which pen do you want? - Any one will do.而anyone = anybody, everyone = everybody, someone = somebody，都不能與of結(jié)構(gòu)連用。 高考面對面1. - Why dont we take a little break? - Didnt we just have _?A. it B. that C. one D. this 2. I think hes just going to deal with this problem _ day. （2005廣東高考） A. next B. other C. following D. another3. The Parkers bought a new house but _will need a lot of work before they can move in.A. they B. it C. one D. which4. -Theres coffee and tea; you can have_. - Thanks. A. either B. each C. one D. it 5. - Have Max and Tina sold out all of the English dictionaries? - Yes, completely. _ is left. A. None B. Nothing C. No one D. Neither6. - There must be a dozen pens in this house but I can never find one when I need one. - Keep looking. _ is sure to turn up. A. One B. It C. That D. This7. - Is there anyone who is going to the Great Wall? - _. A. None B. No one C. No D. Not any8. - Who is making so much noise in the garden? - _ the children. A. It is B. They are C. That is D. There are9. You have been paid enough. _ do you want? A. How muchB. What more C. What elseD. How much more10. Animals do not “talk” with words. They use smells, sounds and movements to communicate with _ animal. A. any other B. another C. each other D. the other11. Davids family was very poor. When we got to his home, we found _ furniture in the house. A. little B. much C. few D. many12. _, you mustnt go against the rules. A. No matter what to do B. Whatever to do C. What you do D. Whatever you do13. - He was nearly drowned once. - When was _? - _ was 1998 when he was in middle school. A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This14. - He looks unhappy. - Yes, but he cant say what it is _ is bothering him. A. that B. who C. what D. which15. One must mind _ own business first. A. one B. its C. ones D. their16. I hope _ little _ Ive been able to do has been of some use to you. A. a; that B. the; that C. a; what D. the; what17. - Will you see to _ that all the papers should be handed in after class? - All right. A. this B. it C. me D. them18. Sorry, we dont understand _ you have said means. A. all what B. what all C. all that D. that all19. - Which do you like better, a CD player or a walk-man? - _. I prefer a portable computer. A. No one B. Either C. None D. Neither20. - Can you send one of the girls to help me, Mrs. Anderson? - Certainly, _ do you want. A. which B. who C. whose D. what21. - How about the price of these refrigerators? - They are equal in price to, if not cheaper than, _ at the other stores. A. others B. it C. that D. the ones22. - Whats your new neighbor like, Mike? - Oh, it seems that his manner is _ of a gentleman. A. one B. that C. it D. what23. Havent you got _ friends in Paris? I feel sure you did mention them once. A. any B. no C. some D. lots24. It is known to all that health is above wealth; _ cannot give so much happiness as _. A. this; that B. which; that C. that; this D. this; it25. - Do you have _ at home? - No, we still have to get several pounds of fruit and some tea. A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing26. I dont drink _ water during the day. A. a lot of B. lots of C. little D. much27. - Which one can I take? - You can take _ of them; Ill keep none. A. both B. any C. either D. all28. Jack is one of those men who I am sure always do _ best even in the most difficult situations. A. his B. your C. their D. all29. We havent enough books for _, some of you will have to share.（2005 全國卷） A. somebody B. anybody C. everybody D. nobody30. They live on a busy main road. _ must be very noisy. A. There B. It C. That D. They31. He is getting better. _ is no need to send for a doctor. A. There B. It C. This D. That32. - Did everyone pass the examination? - No, _ only three of them who passed it. A. there was B. it was C. these were D. that was33. - Excuse me, but can you tell me which road I should take to the post office? - _ of the four roads will do. A. Any B. Neither C. Both D. Every34. Even though Chinas nature parks have saved many wild plants, there are _ that will not be saved. A. some other B. all others C. many more D. large numbers35. - _ does it weigh? - Almost three kilograms. A. How B. What C. Why D. When36. Of all my friends, _, I think, will be able to persuade Smith to give up smoking. He was so firm upon that. A. no one B. neither C. none D. most37. Nowadays everything strange is _ strange. That is to say, any unexpected thing is possible to happen. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 38. The old woman did all she could for me. I dont know _ person who would do so. A. any B. other C. some other D. any other39. He cares so little about his meals that _ will do so long as it fills his stomach. A. anything B. everything C. nothing D. something40. I would appreciate _ very much if you could give me some suggestions. A. this B. that C. it D. you41. - Do you think all the exercises in the book are good? - _ of them are very good. But some could have been better. A. None B. Few C. Most D. Rest42. - Do you worship “The Grassland” and “The Space Dreams” by James? - I should if _ of them were written lively. A. either B. each C. neither D. all43. The teacher saw only two students, _, seated in the room. A. John and I B. John and you C. John and he D. John and she44. Every girl in all our classes _. A. has invited her father B. has invited their fathers C. have invited her father C. have invited their fathers45. At the filling station, the terrible man shouted at the worker, “Fill _ up!” A. this B. her C. me D. that46. _ is a great country with a large population. A. We B. Our C. Us D. Ours47. In the days when I am at college, I will miss _. A. yours and you B. you and yours C. you and your D. your and you48. You will find as you read the book that you just keep some of these stories to _. You will want to share them with a friend. （2005 湖南高考） A. itself B. yourself C. himself D. themselves49. - Victor certainly cares too much about himself. - Yes. Hes never interested in what _ is doing. （2005 重慶高考） A. no one else B. anyone else C. someone else D. nobody else50. Meredith said that she could speak both English and French, but _ is hard to believe. A. as B. this C. that D. which51. Such _ the results. You can be sure! A. are B. is C. were D. was52. _ do you think will be invited? A. Whom B. Who C. Why D. How53. They look so much alike that you cant tell which is _. A. who B. whom C. which D. that54. How silly you _! A. all are B. are all C. all do D. do all55. All of us havent seen the Great Wall with our own eyes, so there are _ lucky ones among us. A. no B. any C. some D. none56. The teacher asked the children to write on _ line but Tom just wrote very carelessly _ lines. A. other every; few every B. other every; every a few C. every other; every few D. every other; every a few57. - Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard. - Why _. A. him B. he C. I D. me58. Do you like to watch the advertisements on TV if _. A. so B. no C. any D. ones59. Here we found _ snow, as most of it seemed to have been blown off the mountain. A. few B. much C. tiny D. little高考猜想60. - Which of those electronic dictionaries do you like most? - _. They are both expensive and of little use. A. None B. Neither C. All D. Both專題5 單項(xiàng)選擇代詞1-5. CABAA 6-10. ABADC 11-15. ADAAC 16-20. BBBDA 21-25. DBCAB 26-30. DDCDB 31-35. ABACB 36-40. CDDAC 41-45. CBBAB 46-50. DBDBC 51-55. ABCAC 56-60. CDCDA1. 該題考查代詞特指和泛指的用法。A、B、D三項(xiàng)都可指代前面的名詞，但都是特指。根據(jù)題意：“我們?yōu)槭裁床恍菹⒁粫?？”回答是“我們不是剛休息了一會兒嗎？”這里的one = one break，one可指代指代前面的名詞，表示泛指，符合此意。再如：- Excuse me, I want to have my watch fixed, but I cant find a repair shop.- I know _ nearby. Come on, Ill show you. A. one B. it C. some D. that答案A- Will you be on holiday this time?- Well, Im too busy to take a holiday now. Ill be able to take _ two months from now. A. some B. it C. that D. one答案D2. 該題考查不定代詞用法。本題選項(xiàng)中another 意為“另一個、再一個”，可以跟一般名詞連用，但如果復(fù)數(shù)名詞前有數(shù)詞或few，several 等詞時，也可用another 修飾，表示“另多少個”。other意為“其余的，其它的”；this 意為“這個，這”；each“每一個、每”根據(jù)題意“如果你想要換個雙人房，你將再付15元”。other和another的用法other泛指“另外的”，作定語，常與復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞連用，但如果前面有the, this, that, some, any, each, every, no, none, one, or以及形容詞性物主代詞時，則可以與單數(shù)名詞連用。如：other students, all other beauty, no other way, the other one, any other boy, every other day, some other reason等。others是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式，泛指“別的人或物”（但不是全部）。如：Some are singing, others are dancing.the other指“兩者中的另一個”，常與one連用，作定語修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞時，表示某一范圍中“全部其余的”，這時the other +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 = the others。如：He held a book in one hand and some letters in the other (one).Some of the boys are swimming, while the others (= the other boys) are sitting on the beach for sunbathing.another指三個或三個以上中的“任何一個”，“再；另”，作代詞或形容詞。如：I dont like this shirt. Please show me another.He will stay here for another two days. = He will stay here for two more days (two days more).再如：They have been working on this project for one month. It seems they need _ one month to finish it. A. more B. another C. other D. the other答案B- Some of the equipment in our factory was introduced from Japan.- What about _? A. others B. another C. the others D. the rest.答案D，因equipment為不可數(shù)名詞，而A、B、C均指代可數(shù)名詞。3. 該題考查代詞用法。 做題的關(guān)鍵是弄清but引導(dǎo)的并列分句中作主語的代詞究竟是用來代替前一個分句主語The Parkers 還是賓語a new house .由空白后will need a lot of work before they can move in 的語境可以確定，此空的代詞用來代替a new house，it 和one 都可以代替前文提過的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，以避免重復(fù)，但it表特定之物，one表泛指之物。it和one有以下三點(diǎn)不同： it = the (或this, that, my, your, his) +單數(shù)名詞，而one = a (或an) + 單數(shù)名詞 it代替特定的單數(shù)名詞，而one代替不特定的單數(shù)名詞 it的復(fù)數(shù)是they（賓格是them），而one的復(fù)數(shù)是ones，如：- Do you want this book?- No, I dont want it.- Do you have a bike? - No, I dont. But Ill buy one next week.再如：_ who have helped the old woman ought to be worth praising. A. The one B. The ones C. Anyone D. Whoever答案B。此外，one前面加上the可以表示特指，one前面如有形容詞修飾，之前還可以加上不定冠詞a，表示泛指，但it之前不能加冠詞也不能加形容詞修飾。如：Of all the dresses, this is the one I like best.This film is an interesting one.4.本題考查代詞的用法。 A、B、C三項(xiàng)均可作不定代詞：either指二者中任何一個；each指兩者或兩者以上之中的每個人或每個物；one用來代替上文出現(xiàn)過的單數(shù)名詞，泛指一個；D項(xiàng)it用作人稱代詞時，用來指代上文提過的某個事物。前句敘述了有咖啡和茶，根據(jù)常理，只能是二者之中選一種。5. 根據(jù)句意“Marx和Tina把所有的英語字典都賣光了嗎？是的，一本也沒剩下”，空格處是指代數(shù)量的“沒有一本”，因此用none。none, no one, nothing的區(qū)別：none“沒有一個人/物”，可指單數(shù)，也可指復(fù)數(shù)，還可以和of連用，常用來否定回答表示數(shù)量的how many或how much。no one = nobody“沒一個人”，是單數(shù)，通常不跟介詞of連用，直接作主語或賓語，用來否定回答who的疑問句。nothing“沒有什么東西”，只用來指代事物，作what疑問句的否定回答。如：None of the students in our class has been to Beijing.- How many cows did you see on the hill? - None. No one / Nobody is absent today.- Who has seen my pen? I put it here. - No one.- What did you see in the house? - Nothing.再如：- Did you have any trouble with the customs? - _ to speak of. A. No B. Nothing C. None D. Neither答案C6. 根據(jù)句意“繼續(xù)找吧，總有一支會出現(xiàn)的”，并不是特指哪一支，it, this, that都是特指，只有one是泛指，指one of the pens“其中一支”。7. 根據(jù)句意“- 有沒有誰要去長城？”是著重問“誰”，因此回答是“沒有誰”，用no one。如果問題是Is there any person who is going to the Great Wall? 則用No, (there is) not any來回答。解這類題目一定要看清提問的方式和提問的著重點(diǎn)，不能是事而非。8. 本題考查it的用法。根據(jù)題意“誰在花園里這樣吵鬧？是孩子們”，本題中的it是指示代詞，籠統(tǒng)地指可由現(xiàn)場情況知其為何物的事物，或指代雙方都知道或熟悉的人或物，譯成中文時多可省略，再如：- Who is it? - Its me.I cannot help it. = It cannot be helped.除此用法外，it作為一個功能多樣，出現(xiàn)頻率較高的代詞還有如下其他含義： 作人稱代詞時一般指物，也可指代前面出現(xiàn)過的事物，除嬰兒外，一般不用來指代人。如：You cant eat your cake and have it. 凡事不能兩全其美。When you have a baby at home, dont leave the medicine bottles within its reach. 家里有小孩時，不要把藥瓶放在它（小孩子）拿得到的地方。 指距離、時間、季節(jié)、氣候、環(huán)境等，如：It is a long way to the factory.It is eight oclock.It often rains in summer.It was quite noisy at the moment 作形式主語或形式賓語，如：It is a good habit to get up early.I think it no use arguing with him.He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject. 用于強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，It is(was) + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that(who) + 句子的其余部分，如：It was an old friend who/that/ whom I met in the park yesterday.It was in the park that I met an old friend yesterday. 虛義it，用在某些習(xí)慣用語中，這些習(xí)慣用語只能從整體上來理解，如：I hate it when people speak with their mouths full.9. 考查疑問代詞的含義及用法。根據(jù)題意“你還想要多少（工資）”，是指代金額，用how much，后加more表示“還；再；更多”，而what more意思是“還有什么”。10. 考查相互代詞。根據(jù)句意是“用氣味、聲音和動作來互相交流”，因此用each other。each other用來指兩者之間，one another用來指多者之間，但現(xiàn)代英語中已不在有此區(qū)別，其所有格分別是each others和one anothers。11. furniture是不可數(shù)名詞，因此排除C、D，再根據(jù)上文Davids family was poor來推斷，下文應(yīng)該是“發(fā)現(xiàn)他們家?guī)缀鯖]什么家具”，表示否定時我們通常用little，而much常和not連用。下面簡述few, little, a few, a little的用法。few和little表示沒有多少，含否定意義，而a few和a little表示有一些，有幾個，含肯定意義。另外，few和a few修飾可數(shù)名詞，little和a little修飾不可數(shù)名詞，當(dāng)句中出現(xiàn)just, only時，通常用表示肯定的a few或a little。它們在句中常做定語、主語和賓語，如：- Would you like some wine?- Yes, just _. A. little B. very little C. a little D. little bit答案CWhat a pity _ he has made _ friends since he joined our club. A. for, few B. that, only a few C. that, only few D. for, a few答案BAlthough the city had been attacked by the storm several times, _ was done. A. a few damages B. few destroy C. little hurt D. little damage答案D12. 本題考查關(guān)系代詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這應(yīng)該是個表示讓步的主從復(fù)合句“不管你做什么都不能違反規(guī)定”。no matter后面跟疑問詞+句子，不跟不定式，what/whatever to do是帶有疑問詞的不定式一般作主語、賓語或表語，因此A、B、C都不符合句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，只有D是正確的，whatever you do = no matter what you do。13. that可以用來指代前文的內(nèi)容，而it在此指代時間。this一般指下文要提到的，而that指上文已經(jīng)提到過的事情，如：What I want you to remember is this: English is of great use.They cant not afford it. That is their problem.14. 本題考查that作為關(guān)系代詞在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的用法。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)是It is/was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+句子的其他部分，本題用此句型的疑問句形式，把被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分what提前到了句子的開頭，要注意的是在此句型中只能用that來連接句子的兩個部分，而不能用別的代詞。15. one的所有格是ones，美國英語中第二次出現(xiàn)的one或ones用he或his來代替，如賓格用him來代替，以避免重復(fù)，但本題中無his選項(xiàng)，只能用ones。如：One should do ones best.再如：One should choose his friends carefully.16. 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)是解本題的關(guān)鍵。本題是個含有定語從句的復(fù)合句“希望我能做的那一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)能對你有些用處”，其中的little是形容詞的用法，the little = the little things“瑣碎的事情”，因后面有定語從句修飾當(dāng)然前面要加the來進(jìn)行限定。17. 本題考查it作形式賓語的用法，真正的賓語是that從句，本句意思是“你能不能負(fù)責(zé)下課后把所有的試卷都收上來？”。有時在形式賓語it后面還有名詞或形容詞作賓補(bǔ)，再加真正的賓語，如：I made it a rule to walk two miles a day.再如：They felt _ no good staying up too late. A. its B. its C. it D. that答案C18. 表示“你說的話”用what you have said，從句中的主語是“你們大家”all of you，因此空格處填what all。解本題要突破定向思維，有時出題人故意把意義毫不相關(guān)或看似根本古可能在一起的兩個詞放在一起作為一個選項(xiàng)，這時就要求考生仔細(xì)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，理順句子意思，看看選項(xiàng)中的兩個詞分別在不同的句子成分中所起的作用和所表達(dá)的意義。如：Who did the teacher _ an article for the school newspaper? A. has writeB. has writtenC. have writeD. have written答案C上題中的C選項(xiàng)have write兩詞相鄰，如果孤立地把這兩詞看成一個整體，按照完成時來考慮，C項(xiàng)會被首先排除，而其實(shí)考查的是have sb. do這一結(jié)構(gòu)，句首的Who才是have的邏輯賓語，因此have與write并非直接相鄰。出題者有意把兩個看似完全不相干的詞放在一起作為選項(xiàng)，或者讓題干中的詞與選項(xiàng)中的詞的搭配看上去完全不相干，這種情況在測試題中比較常見，解這些題目要打破定向思維。再如：1. The day we look forward to _.A. comeB. comingC. arrivingD. is coming 2. Time should be made good use _.A. of learningB. to learnC. to learningD. of to learn答案D, D19.根據(jù)本題的意思是要求在CD player和walkman兩者之間作出選擇，因此先排除A、C兩選項(xiàng)，因?yàn)閚o one = nobody，用來指代人，而none用來指代三者或以上的人或物中的“沒有一個”。neither表示兩者都不，是全否定，而either表示兩者中的任何一個，與否定詞連用也表示全否定“任何一方都不”。兩個詞都表示單數(shù)，在句中作主語、賓語和定語，如：Neither of the answers is right. 兩個答案都不對。I dont like either of the pictures. 我不喜歡這兩幅畫中的任何一幅。再如： Dont worry. Theres train at 11:30 and at 12:50. _ train will get you to