（中考全景透視）中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第十講 八下 Units 34 人教新目標版.doc

第十講八年級(下)units 34 重點詞匯1.fold(v.)折疊；對折2sweep(v.)打掃3mess(n.)雜亂；不整潔4finger(n.)手指5provide(n.)提供；供應(yīng)6drop(v.)落下；掉下7allow(v.)允許；準許8instead(adv.)代替；反而；卻9.nervous(adj.)焦慮的；擔(dān)憂的10offer(v.)主動提供；自愿給予11explain(v.)解釋；說明12copy(v.)抄襲；模仿；復(fù)?。粡?fù)制13return(v.)歸還；回來14member(n.)成員；分子15continue(v.)持續(xù)；繼續(xù)存在16cause(v.)造成；引起詞匯拓展1.wastewasteful2usual(反義詞)unusualusually3secondsecondly4.develop(形容詞)developed；developing發(fā)展；發(fā)育development5fair(反義詞)unfair公正性fairness6argue(名詞)argument重點短語1.倒垃圾take out the rubbish2頻繁；反復(fù)all the time3一就as soon as4目的是in order to5依靠depend on6照顧take care of7.瀏覽look through8解決work out9關(guān)系良好；和睦相處get on with10刪除cut out11比較comparewith12依看in ones opinion重點句型1.could iat least finishwatching this show？我至少看完這個節(jié)目行嗎？2shewont be happy if shesees this mess如果她看到這樣不整潔，她會不高興的。3shedidnt do any housework andneither did i.她沒有做家務(wù)活，我也沒有做。4.my parents dont allow me tohang out with my friends.我父母不允許我和朋友們一起出去閑逛。5insteadhewatches whatever he wantsuntil late at night.相反地，他看他想看的任何節(jié)目，一直到深夜。6others arepractising sportsso that they cancompete and win.其他人在訓(xùn)練體育，以便他們能參加競賽獲勝。 一、根據(jù)句意及漢語提示，填入恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。1he didntreturn(回來)home until ten oclock.2mrs. black and mrs. white are both myneighbors(鄰居)3what amess(雜亂)！clean it up.4his mother is alwayscomparing(比較)him with his classmate bill.5you should explain(解釋) that you dont mind him watching tv all the time.二、用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。6miss wang loves her students，and she usuallycommunicates(communication)with them. 7lauras friend rose is a typical(type)russian girl.8li mingswept(sweep)the floor yesterday.9why did peter refuseto_make(make) his bed?10is paul yourelder(old)brother，tony?yes.he is two years older than me.三、根據(jù)漢語完成句子，每空一詞。11請飯后把垃圾倒了。pleasetake out the rubbish after dinner.12珍妮和她的朋友們關(guān)系不好。jenny doesnt get on with her friends.13她早早出發(fā)了，為的是能及時到達那里。she started earlyin order to arrive there in time.14我們的計劃取決于我們要去哪兒。our plandepends on where we will go.15在周末，我過去常常和朋友們閑逛。i used tohang out with friends on weekends.一、could you please clean your room？請你打掃一下你的房間，好嗎？【考點精講】本句中的“can/could you please動詞原形”意為“你能嗎？”，相當(dāng)于“will/would you please動詞原形”該句型常用來向別人有禮貌地提出要求，要求對方做某事或委婉地提出看法。對這個句型作肯定回答時用“sure/certainly”等，否定回答為“sorry，i cant”或“sorry”然后陳述理由。eg：could you please sweep the floor？請你打掃一下地板，好嗎？yes，of course.是的，當(dāng)然可以?！咀⒁狻縞an/could/will/would you please后面接動詞原形，其否定形式是在動詞原形前加not。eg：would you please not open the door？請你不要開門，好嗎？sir，could you please put out your cigarette？this is a smokefree(無煙的)school._(2013，菏澤)aim sorry about this. bno problem.csure，id love to. dnever mind.【解析】a。選項a“我對此表示歉意”，選項b“沒問題”，選項c“當(dāng)然了，我很樂意”，選項d“不要緊”。由第一句“先生，請您熄滅煙好嗎？這是一所無煙學(xué)?！笨芍鹁鋺?yīng)選a。【即時演練】.單項選擇。1_a_you sing an english song?yes，i can.(2013，武漢)acan bmay cmust dneed2could i borrow your camera？(2013，黃岡)_b_，but please give it back by saturday.ai am sorry bof courseccertainly not dno，thanks3could you please pass me the dictionary?_b_(2013，黔西南)ayes，could bsure，here you arecno，i couldnt dno，thats no problem4would you please help me with my writing skills?_c_you can come to my office every saturday.(2014，達州)athats all right bnot at allcno problem dno，thanks二、for one week，she did not do any housework and neither did i一個星期，她沒做家務(wù)活，我也沒有做。【考點精講】“neitherbe動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞主語”表示“也不”。neither此處用作副詞，意為“也不”。eg：he doesnt like swimming and neither do i他不喜歡游泳，我也不喜歡。you cant speak japanese and neither can i你不會說日語，我也不會?！咀⒁狻俊皊obe動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞主語”表示“也是”。【拓展】neither作代詞，意為“(兩者)都不”。eg：neither of my parents is at home.我父母親兩個都不在家。neither作形容詞，與名詞單數(shù)連用，意為“(兩者)都不的”。eg：neither answer is right.兩個答案都不對。neithernor意為“既不也不”。eg：the room is neither big nor bright.這個房間既不大也不明亮。neither you nor i am right.你不對，我也不對。i cant play the piano，and_(2013，黃石)aneither can my sister bmy sister cant，toocso cant my sister dcan my sister，either【解析】a。句意：我不會彈鋼琴，我妹妹也不會。以neither開頭的句子，表示“也不”時，句子要倒裝，其句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：neitherbe動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞主語。故選a。【即時演練】.單項選擇。1i dont like documentaries._c_(2013，烏魯木齊)aso do i bso i docneither do i deither do i 2.im not going swimming tomorrow afternoon._b_i have to clean up my bedroom.(2013，蘭州)aso am i bneither am icneither i am dso i am3id like you to tell me something about shen nongjia.(2013，孝感)im sorry，but neither jack nor i_a_there.ahave been bhas beenchave gone dhas gone4neither my sister nor i_a_been to america before.(2013，安順)ahave ever bhave neverchas ever dhas never.根據(jù)漢語完成句子，每空一詞。5如果她不去，我也不去。if she doesnt go，neither will i.6我和他都不認識那個人。neither i nor heknows the man.三、why dont you talk to your parents？你為什么不和你的父母交談？【考點精講】why dont you？表達的意思是“你為什么不？”，表示肯定的意思。eg：why dont you buy a suit for your husband？你為何不給你丈夫買一套西服呢？表示提建議的句型還有：(1)why not？為什么不？why not后接動詞原形，該句型是“why dont you？”的縮寫形式，兩者表示的意思相同。eg：why not learn some chinese pop songs？為何不學(xué)一些中國的流行歌曲？(2)what/how about？怎么樣？“what/how about？”表示“怎么樣？”about是介詞，因而此句型后要接名詞、代詞或ving，用來詢問對方的情況或征求對方的意見。eg：what/how about joining the school english club？加入學(xué)校的英語俱樂部怎么樣？what should i get my mom for her birthday？why_get her a scarf？(2013，貴陽)adont youbdo youcare you【解析】a。why dont you后面接動詞原形，意為“為什么不做某事呢？”，故選a。【即時演練】.單項選擇。1why not_a_to the park now?good idea！lets go.(2013，湛江)ago bto go cgoes dgoing2_a_go out for a picnic next saturday?good idea.(2013，銅仁)awhy not bhow aboutcwould you like to dlets3why not_a_john a toy car for his birthday?good idea！he is crazy about cars.(2012，徐州)abuy bbuying cto buy dbuys.按要求完成句子，每空一詞。4晚飯后為什么不出去散步？(漢譯英)(2012，濱州)why not go out for a walk after supper?5shall we have a picnic at the weekend？(改為同義句)(2011，樂山)what/how about having a picnic at the weekend?6我喜歡北京的秋天。你呢？(漢譯英)(2011，北京)i like the autumn in beijing.what/how about you?四、instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night.相反，晚上無論他想看什么就看到很晚?！究键c精講】(1)instead作副詞，意為“代替；反而；卻”，修飾整個句子作狀語。eg：he never works，instead he plays all day and all night.他從不工作，卻整日整夜地玩。【辨析】instead，instead ofinstead為副詞，常放在句首或句末。eg：i dont like tea，so give me coffee instead.我不喜歡茶，所以給我咖啡。the class didnt smile.instead，they all made faces.同學(xué)們沒有笑。反而他們都做鬼臉。instead of后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞，表示“代替，而不是”。eg： ill go instead of him.我將代替他去。he played the whole afternoon instead of doing his homework.他玩了一下午而沒有做他的家庭作業(yè)。(2)whatever作代詞，意為“任何事物；無論什么”，引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。eg：you can eat whatever you like.你愿意吃什么就吃什么。whatever i have is yours.我擁有的任何東西都是你的。you may do whatever you like.你可以做你喜歡的任何事?！就卣埂縲hatever作連接代詞，意為“無論什么”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。eg：dont change your plans，whatever happens.無論發(fā)生什么事，都不要改變你的計劃。1we have no coffee.lets have tea_aeither bhowevercyet dinstead【解析】d。either“也”，只用于否定句；however“然而”，表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系；yet“還、尚”，常用于現(xiàn)在完成時的疑問句或否定句中；instead“代替”。句意：我們沒有咖啡。咱們喝茶吧。故選d。2we must try our best(無論什么)we do.(2012，白銀)【解析】whatever。句意：無論我們做什么，我們必須盡力。【即時演練】.單項選擇。1lets go swimming _d_ going hiking，shall we?good idea.(2013，黔西南)aas well as bin order tocinstead dinstead of2_a_you do，dont miss this exhibition，for its so hard for me to get the tickets.awhatever bhowevercwhenever dwhether3how will she deal with the work?she doesnt want to do it by herself.she wants to ask someone else to do it _b_ayet binstead ctoo deither.完成句子。4你能拿走你需要的任何東西。you can takewhatever you need5不管發(fā)生什么事，我都不會改變主意。whatever happens，i wont change my mind.6讓我們?nèi)ミh足而不是待在家里。(2014，益陽)lets go hiking instead of staying at home. 五、【辨析】borrow/lend/keep【考點精講】borrow表示“借進”，即說話人向別人借東西供自己用，常用于borrow sth. from sb./somewhere結(jié)構(gòu)。eg：he borrowed a dictionary from me yesterday.昨天他從我這里借了本詞典。lend表示“借出”，即說話人把自己的東西借給別人用，常用于lend sth. to sb.或lend sb. sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。eg：can i borrow this book？我可以借這本書嗎？yes，but you mustnt lend it to others.可以，但你不許借給別人。can you lend me that book for a few days？你能把那本書借給我?guī)滋靻?？keep本意為“保存，保留”，引申為“借用”，可以和一段時間及how long等連用。borrow和lend是終止性動詞，不能與表示延續(xù)性的時間狀語連用。eg：how long may i keep this book？這本書我可以借多長時間？two weeks.兩周。may i_your bike，please？ill give it back to you soon.(2013，大連)atouch bbring cborrow dbuy【解析】c。句意：我可以借你的自行車嗎？很快我就會還你。表示“借入”用borrow，故選c。【即時演練】.單項選擇。1can i_b_your bike?with pleasure.but you mustnt_it to others.(2013，寧波)alend；borrow bborrow；lendclend；lend dborrow；borrow2how long may i_a_the book？(2013，天水)just one day.i will return it to mary tomorrow.akeep bborrow clend dkept3i want to borrow the book，but i dont know how long it may_d_for two weeks.(2013，十堰)akeep bbe borrowedcborrow dbe kept4she_b_the book_two days ago.(2013，綏化)ahas borrowed；since bhas kept；sinceckept；for.根據(jù)句意，用borrow，lend或keep的適當(dāng)形式填空。5can youlend me your bike?6she oftenborrows books from the school library.7i cankeep the dictionary for two weeks.寫作專題調(diào)查報告一、要點入門調(diào)查報告一般分前言、主體、結(jié)論三部分。寫調(diào)查報告時，要注意以下三點：1調(diào)查通常有特定的目標，所以調(diào)查報告要圍繞該目標展開。2調(diào)查報告中闡述的事實和觀點都要來自調(diào)查的結(jié)果。3調(diào)查報告的最后要給出基本結(jié)論。 二、典型例題隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展，人們傳遞信息的方式也在不斷變化。針對“使用紙質(zhì)卡片還是電子卡片”的話題，你上周在你班展開了一項調(diào)查。請根據(jù)下表提示，寫一份調(diào)查報告，介紹此次調(diào)查的結(jié)果并發(fā)表自己的觀點。100詞左右。使用紙質(zhì)卡片還是電子卡片？約30%的同學(xué)愿意使用紙質(zhì)卡片，原因有：1.手工制作、激勵更