中考英語(yǔ)作文應(yīng)對(duì).doc

隨著初中英語(yǔ)新教改的不斷深入，聽說(shuō)技能的訓(xùn)練在英語(yǔ)各個(gè)階段的教學(xué)中日益受到重視。但在訓(xùn)練聽說(shuō)能力的同時(shí)，教師也要重視培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的讀寫能力。在平時(shí)的教學(xué)中，應(yīng)要求學(xué)生能仿照學(xué)過(guò)的題材或話題，利用所給的范例寫簡(jiǎn)單的書信、便條、通知等；能按要求筆頭轉(zhuǎn)述所聽、所讀的內(nèi)容；能為圖片提供簡(jiǎn)單的文字說(shuō)明并能表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)。 目前，書面表達(dá)是中考試卷中必不可少的一項(xiàng)測(cè)試內(nèi)容。寫作的題材新穎、形式多樣，主要側(cè)重靈活性、實(shí)用性和多樣性。從歷年的考題來(lái)看,中考英語(yǔ)寫作涉及的內(nèi)容包括看圖作文、圖表作文、提綱作文、根據(jù)要求寫書信、便條、日記與通知等。由此可見，書面表達(dá)在中考英語(yǔ)試卷中占有一席之地。本人認(rèn)為訓(xùn)練初中學(xué)生的書面表達(dá)能力可以從以下幾個(gè)方面做些嘗試。 一. 認(rèn)真審題，從容面對(duì)1. 體裁與形式 體裁： 一般包括記敘文、說(shuō)明文、和應(yīng)用文 形式： （1）提供內(nèi)容和情景的提示、提綱短文 （2）圖表和漢語(yǔ)提示相結(jié)合的圖表作文 （3）圖畫和漢語(yǔ)提示相結(jié)合的圖畫作文2. 題材： 寫人、寫事、寫物、寫景、日記、書信、通知、便條等。3. 時(shí)態(tài)： （1）現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)常用來(lái)介紹人物、學(xué)習(xí)、興趣、愛好、生活等 ； （2）過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)常用于看圖作文和日記等； （3）將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)常用來(lái)寫通知等 。4.作文口訣： 審題是關(guān)鍵，重點(diǎn)要明確，要點(diǎn)要全面，格式要正確，語(yǔ)言要地道，行文要流暢，字跡要工整，卷面要漂亮。二. 成竹在胸，動(dòng)筆是時(shí) 1認(rèn)真審清題目，切實(shí)把握要點(diǎn)例如，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)表格所給內(nèi)容，以 Advantages and Disadvantages of Students Carrying Mobile Phones為題，用英語(yǔ)寫一篇80-100字的短文。利弊你的觀點(diǎn)1）時(shí)尚、有用2）便于同家人朋友聯(lián)系3）聽音樂(lè)、拍照、放松1）玩游戲影響學(xué)習(xí)2）在考試中作弊3）浪費(fèi)時(shí)間和金錢中學(xué)生不該帶手機(jī)，應(yīng)該把注意力集中在學(xué)習(xí)上 審題題目： Advantages and Disadvantages of StudentsCarrying Mobile Phones人稱：第一人稱 文體：說(shuō)明文 時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 字?jǐn)?shù)：80-100 結(jié)構(gòu)：三段式（利、弊、個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)）2.審清時(shí)態(tài)和人稱，組織要點(diǎn)語(yǔ)言 要點(diǎn)： advantages： 1）fashionable and useful 2）its more convenient for 3）take photos and relax by listening to music disadvantages：1）play games 2）cheat in exams 3）its a waste of time and money opinions: 1) shouldnt bring to 2) concentrate on studies 3. 美化語(yǔ)言，提高文章質(zhì)量Advantages and Disadvantages of Students Carrying Mobile PhonesNowadays mobile phones are becoming more and more popular among the middle school students. But there are some advantages and disadvantages of carrying mobile phones . As we know, a mobile phone is one of the quickest tools for us to exchange information. First of all, the mobile phone is a fashionable and useful invention. Seconly, if we have a mobile phone, we can keep in touch with our friends and parents wherever we are. Besides, the mobile phone is a good way to have fun. We can take photos and relax by listening to music. However, there are some problems with using mobile phones. On the one hand, some students enjoy playing games and have no interest in studies. On the other hand, its a waste of time and money on phone calls and sending messages. Whats worse, many students are able to cheat in exams with mobile phones. In my opinion, we shouldnt bring mobile phones to school. As students,we should concentrate our attention on studies.三. 勿犯低級(jí)錯(cuò)，行文規(guī)范中 1.勿用“中式英語(yǔ) ” a. Long time no see. b. Good, good study , day day up.c. My level of English has been improved. d. We should put our heart into (pay attention to) study.e. Smoking will do harm to our body (health).f. In my opinion , I think students shouldnt use cellphones in school. g. I welcome you to visit my house.(You are welcome to my house.)2. 用詞要得當(dāng)price / speed / temperature + high / low get /gain + knowledge large / small + population 3. 巧用過(guò)度詞 常用的過(guò)渡性詞語(yǔ)有：時(shí)間順序： first, next, then, finally， meanwhile, at the same time 空間順序： on one side, next to, on the other side, at the back of , to the right/left對(duì)稱過(guò)渡詞：for one thing, for another on the one hand ,on the other hand因果過(guò)渡詞：because, so, thanks to, as a result of條件過(guò)渡詞：if, unless轉(zhuǎn)折過(guò)渡詞：however，but 總結(jié)過(guò)渡詞：in my opinion, in a word, in short, in other words4.采用多種表達(dá)方式 ，增加亮點(diǎn) 1）He didnt go to bed until his mother came back.2）Jane is much cleverer than any other student in his class3) The story is so interesting that everyone likes reading it.4) Its never too old to learn.5) I couldnt pass the exam without your help.6) - I dont know if he will come. - He will come if it doesnt rain.7) The more we get together, the happier we will be.8) I dont think teenagers should drive a car.9) Use your head , and /then you will have an idea.10) She not only speaks English well but also writes English well.四. 千錘和百煉，熟用可生巧看圖作文練習(xí)看圖作文難度稍大，在寫作時(shí)它要根據(jù)圖畫呈現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容與所給的中英文提示相結(jié)合來(lái)表達(dá)其內(nèi)在涵義。看圖作文可采用以下幾個(gè)步驟：1、理解圖意，確立情景 2、注意所給的中英文提示3、明確時(shí)態(tài)，理順?biāo)悸?4、連詞成句，然后再連句成文5、反復(fù)審核，修改錯(cuò)誤假設(shè)下面五幅圖畫描述的是你在5月3日(星期五)的一段親身經(jīng)歷。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)畫面內(nèi)容，寫一篇80字左右的日記。英文日記的格式英文日記通常由書端和正文兩個(gè)部分組成。中、英文的日記格式大致一樣。英語(yǔ)日記的書端是寫日記的日期、星期和天氣的。左上角是日期（年、月、日）、星期。右上角寫當(dāng)天的天氣，如：Sunny，F(xiàn)ine，Rainy，Windy，Snowy等。今天下午我去看電影。go to a moviego to the cinema see a filmthis afternoonIts a fine day today.I went to a movie happily this afternoon.在路上,我看到一個(gè)手提箱從一輛自行車上掉了下來(lái)。on the wayfall down from / fall offsee / find + 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)On the way, I found/saw a case fall down from/off a mans bike.我撿起箱子,并向騎車人大聲喊叫,但他卻沒(méi)聽見,走遠(yuǎn)了。pick up shout to ride awayI picked up the case and shouted to the man, but he didnt hear me and rode away.于是,我攔了一輛出租車去追趕失主。stop a taxicatch up withI stopped a taxi to catch up with the man.我終于追上了失主,并把箱子還給他。give back / returnrefuse I caught up with him at last and gave the case back to him.失主非常感動(dòng), 他拿出一些錢來(lái)感謝我,但被我拒絕了。The man took out some money to thank me, but I refused.May 3rd, Friday Fine This afternoon, I went to see a film. On the way, I saw a case fall off a mans bike. I picked up the case and shouted to the man to stop. But he didnt hear me and rode away. I stopped a taxi and got into it with the case. When we caught up with the man, I gave the case back to him. The man was so moved that he thanked me very much and wanted to give me some money. But I refused .Though I missed the film, I was very happy.五. 重視積累，功夫在平時(shí)“冰凍三尺，非一日之寒”，要想提高學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)寫作能力，必須從平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)的一點(diǎn)一滴抓起，日積月累，持之以恒。1. 過(guò)好詞匯關(guān) 在教學(xué)中，要重視詞匯的訓(xùn)練，教會(huì)學(xué)生根據(jù)單詞構(gòu)成和發(fā)音的規(guī)律，歸納總結(jié)，不斷反復(fù)，循環(huán)記憶。聽寫是檢查和鞏固所學(xué)內(nèi)容的有效方式，可利用每天上課前五分鐘讓學(xué)生聽寫單詞短語(yǔ)以及重要句型，也可以每月進(jìn)行一次“詞匯大比拼”，并進(jìn)行適當(dāng)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的興趣和積極性。2. 注重句型訓(xùn)練幾乎所有英語(yǔ)句型都是五種基本句型的擴(kuò)大、延伸或變化。因此，訓(xùn)練學(xué)生寫作就要抓五種基本句型造句訓(xùn)練。寫作訓(xùn)練從詞法、句法知識(shí)入手，結(jié)合課本里的重點(diǎn)句型、短語(yǔ)進(jìn)行五種基本句型的造句練習(xí)。 3. 訓(xùn)練仿寫能力在剛開始寫作訓(xùn)練階段，仿寫是最有效的訓(xùn)練形式。在教課文時(shí)，教師可以幫助學(xué)生理解其中的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)和句型結(jié)構(gòu)，指導(dǎo)學(xué)生分析課文的寫作思路及內(nèi)容，然后讓學(xué)生模仿寫短文。學(xué)生通過(guò)對(duì)課文的寫作思路及內(nèi)容的模仿，會(huì)慢慢掌握審題、列提綱等寫作技巧，為今后的寫作打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。 4. 培養(yǎng)自由表達(dá)能力要求學(xué)生每天或每周用英語(yǔ)寫日記。學(xué)生寫日記時(shí)，可以寫他們感興趣的話題。指導(dǎo)學(xué)生用學(xué)過(guò)的句型來(lái)表達(dá)想要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容，要學(xué)會(huì)變通，變難為易。5. 多讀、多背好文章、范文讀書破萬(wàn)卷，下筆如有神，英語(yǔ)文章也是如此。平時(shí)多讀多背好文章、好句子、諺語(yǔ)、俗語(yǔ)，寫作時(shí)會(huì)起到畫龍點(diǎn)睛的作用，而這些句子、文章往往就在我們身邊。六中