新人教版高二英語(yǔ)選修六 Unit 1 Art語(yǔ)法—虛擬語(yǔ)氣（課件）.ppt

,TheSubjunctiveMood虛擬語(yǔ)氣,Grammar,HehasDaydreaming,英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種語(yǔ)氣，陳述語(yǔ)氣，祈使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。定義：用來(lái)表示說(shuō)的話不是事實(shí)，或者是不可能發(fā)生的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)的語(yǔ)氣叫虛擬語(yǔ)氣。,IftheGod_(give)meanotherchance，I_(tell)thegirlthreewords:Iloveher!Ifourlove_(haveto)besetatimelimit,Iwishit_(be)10,000years!,should/weretogive/gave,wouldtell,hadto,wouldbe,Havefun,如果上天能夠給我一個(gè)再來(lái)一次的機(jī)會(huì)，我會(huì)對(duì)那個(gè)女孩子說(shuō)三個(gè)字：我愛(ài)你。如果非要在這份愛(ài)上加上一個(gè)期限，我希望是-一萬(wàn)年!,一.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在if條件從句中的用法。,條件句有兩類(lèi)，一類(lèi)是真實(shí)條件句，一類(lèi)是虛擬條件句。,真實(shí)條件句：假設(shè)的情況是有可能發(fā)生的。,Ifitdoesntraintomorrow,wewillgotothepark.,虛擬條件句：假設(shè)的情況是過(guò)去或現(xiàn)在都不存在的，或?qū)?lái)都不可能發(fā)生的。,Ifhehadseenyouyesterday,hewouldhaveaskedyouaboutit.,IfIhadalotofmoney,Iwouldbuyavilla（別墅）.,一、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法,時(shí)態(tài),If從句的謂語(yǔ)形式,主句的謂語(yǔ)形式,現(xiàn)在,過(guò)去,未來(lái),did/were,would/could/should/might+V.(原),would/could/should/might+have+p.p.,1.did/were2.shoulddo3.weretodo,would/could/should/might+V.(原),haddone,Ifitwasnotrainingnow，,IftomorrowwouldbeChristmas，,IshouldgoouttobuyChristmasgift.,Iwouldhavesomedaysoff.,Ifhemorecarefully,hethecaraccidentyesterday.,haddriven,wouldnothavehad,2.IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldnthavemadeamistake.,IfIhadtime,Iwouldcometoseeyou.,3.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,theywouldntgoforanouting.,(現(xiàn)在),(過(guò)去),(將來(lái)),注意：1，條件從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為be時(shí)，不管其主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)通常都用were，但在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中的單數(shù)第一人稱和第三人稱后，也可用was，不過(guò)在IfIwereyou這樣的表達(dá)中，通常還是以用were為宜。,假設(shè)條件虛擬倒裝。條件從句中有should，were，had三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞可以把if省略，并將這三個(gè)詞提至句首。,Ifitwerenotforyouradvice,wecouldnthavegotoverthedifficulties.,Wereitnotforyouradvice,wecouldnthavegotoverthedifficulties.,IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.,HadIhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.,Ifthereshouldnotbesunlight,peopleslifewouldbedifficult.,Shouldtherenotbesunlight,peopleslifewouldbedifficult.,二錯(cuò)綜虛擬或混合虛擬：,假設(shè)條件從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間與主句所假設(shè)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不一致，叫做錯(cuò)綜條件虛擬語(yǔ)氣。主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要依照假設(shè)的時(shí)間而定。Iftheweatherhadbeenbetter,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter.Ifyouhadfollowedtheteachersadvice,youwouldntbeinthehospital.,Ifyou_himyesterday,you_whattodonow.askedwouldknowB.hadaskedwouldhaveknownC.askedhimknowD.hadaskedwouldknow,Whatwouldhavehappened,_asfarastheriverbank?A.BobhadwalkedB.ifBobshouldwalkC.hadBobwalkedD.ifBobwalked,三withoutbutforotherwiseor構(gòu)成的含蓄虛擬。(butfor要不是),Withoutsunlight,peopleslifewouldbedifficult.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldnthavefinishedthework.,Withoutyourhelp,I(fail),Butforwater,it(be)impossibletoliveinthedesert.,wouldhavefailed.,wouldbe,高考題點(diǎn)擊：Jackcanthavearrivedyet,otherwisehe_me.A.wouldphonedB.phonedC.wouldhavephonedD.hadphoned,Shewasntfeelingverywell.Otherwiseshewouldnthaveleftthemeetingsoearly.,Iwisheverydayweremybirthday.,三、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在名詞從句中的用法A.用于賓語(yǔ)從句,wish+賓語(yǔ)從句,現(xiàn)在：過(guò)去：未來(lái)：,過(guò)去時(shí)(did/were),過(guò)去完成時(shí)(haddone),would/could/might+V.should,IwishIwereabird.(現(xiàn)在)IwishIhadntmadesuchamistake.(過(guò)去)Wewishourparentswouldntpunishus.(未來(lái)),2.wouldrather,現(xiàn)在：過(guò)去：未來(lái)：,Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.(現(xiàn)在),Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.(過(guò)去),Dontcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.(未來(lái)),過(guò)去時(shí)(did/were),過(guò)去完成時(shí)(haddone),過(guò)去時(shí)(did/were),3.表示要求，命令，建議的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。,常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞：一個(gè)堅(jiān)持：insist兩個(gè)命令：order,command三個(gè)建議：advise,suggest,propose四個(gè)要求：demand,require,request,desire,這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法。即從句中的動(dòng)詞使用should+動(dòng)詞原形。,我們建議Tom去休息一下。他堅(jiān)決要求我到場(chǎng)。國(guó)王命令囚犯明天要實(shí)施死刑。他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ鳌?WesuggestedthatTom(should)havearest.,HeinsistedthatI(should)bepresent.,Thekingorderedthattheprisoners(should)bekilledthenextday.,Theyrequestedthatwe(should)sendthemtoworkthere.,以上動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句（包括主語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句）也要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。從句中的動(dòng)詞形式用(Should)do,order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire,B.用于主語(yǔ)從句中Itsnecessary/strange/natural/important+that-從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬，即(should)+動(dòng)詞原形,Itisimportantthatwe(should)masteraforeignlanguage.Itisstrangethatsherefusetocometotheparty.Itsnecessarythatweshouldstudyhard.,考題點(diǎn)擊：1.Isitnecessarythathe_theexamination?A.tookB.havetotakeC.musttakeD.take,D,Hissuggestionthatyou_oncemoresoundsreasonable.,A.tryB.triesC.musttryD.cantry,A,四.用于asif/though引導(dǎo)的從句,現(xiàn)在：過(guò)去：,過(guò)去時(shí)didwere,過(guò)去完成時(shí)haddone,Helooksasifheweredrunk.,Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.,Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.Itseemsasifitwerespring.Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.,五用于定語(yǔ)從句：Its(about/high)time+that,should+V(should不?。?過(guò)去時(shí)didwere,你該走了。,我們?cè)撍X(jué)了。,Itshightimethatyouwent.Itshightimethatyoushouldgo.,Itstimethatwewenttobed.Itstimethatweshouldgotobed.,六.用于Ifonly引導(dǎo)的感嘆句（用法同wish）IfonlyIknewhisname!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!IfonlyIcouldseehimagain!,要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就好了。要是我沒(méi)錯(cuò)過(guò)火車(chē)就好了！,Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus!,IfonlyIhadntmissedthetrain!,QuickReview:,一、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法,二、錯(cuò)綜虛擬和含蓄虛擬,三、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在名詞從句中的用法,四、用于asif/though引導(dǎo)的從句,六、用于Ifonly引導(dǎo)的感嘆句（用法同wish）,五、用于定語(yǔ)從句：Its(about/high)time+that,1，Theteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatthestudents_twoweekstopreparefortheexam.A.giveB.shouldgiveC.begivenD.wouldbegiven,Exercise,2,WangLing,oneofmyfriends,isverygoodatEnglish.HespeaksEnglishasifhe_anEnglishman.A.wereB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen,3,_morecareful,hisshipwouldnothavesunk.A.IfthecaptainwereB.HadthecaptainbeenC.ShouldthecaptainbeD.Ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen,4,IfonlyI_howtooperateanelectroniccomputerasyoudo.A.hadknownB.woul