Unit 7.doc.doc

1Unit7TextAChristmas圣誕節(jié)Christmasisareligiousholiday圣誕節(jié)是個(gè)宗教節(jié)日，ItiscelebratedonDecember25asthebirthdayofChrist每年12月25日基督生日，人們歡慶圣誕。MostchurcheshaveChristmasEveservices大多數(shù)教堂都舉辦圣誕夜宗教儀式，TheservicesusuallybeginjustbeforemidnightonChristmasEveandendearlyChristmasmorning這些儀式一般從圣誕夜開(kāi)始，一直持續(xù)到圣誕節(jié)大清早。Itwasnotuntilthe4thcenturythatthechurchinRomebegantocelebrateChristmas直到公元4世紀(jì)，羅馬教堂才開(kāi)始慶祝圣誕。（作為漢譯英考過(guò)了）Midwinterfestivalshadalwaysbeencelebratedbymanypeoples各族人一直都在冬天歡慶節(jié)日。Theapproachofthewintertime，asthedaysgrewshorterandcolderandthesunseemedtothreatentodisappearentirely，wasatimeoffear冬天是個(gè)讓人害怕的時(shí)節(jié)，天變短了，變冷了，太陽(yáng)好像有全部消失的危險(xiǎn)。Buttheshortestdayalsomeantthatwinterwasleavingandthataheadwerespring，但白天最短也意味著冬天即將離去，春天就要來(lái)了，thewarmthofthesunandthereturnofvegetationtothefields溫暖的陽(yáng)光，田野里植物返青也不遠(yuǎn)了。Christmasisafamilyholiday圣誕節(jié)是個(gè)家庭節(jié)日。Stores，2postoffices，banks，andbusinessesclosefortheday店鋪、郵局、銀行、商行都要關(guān)門(mén)。SchoolsandcollegesclosebetweenChristmasandNewYearsDay中小學(xué)和大學(xué)在圣誕和新年間放假一周。Peoplestayathomeandspendthetimewiththeirfamilies人們?cè)诩依锖图胰藞F(tuán)聚，EverybodytriestocomehomeforChristmas每個(gè)人都努力趕回家過(guò)圣誕。PeoplesendcardsorChristmasgreetingstotheirfamiliesandfriends人們給家人和朋友寄上賀卡，表達(dá)圣誕的祝福。SomefamiliessendandgetdozensofChristmascardsthroughthemail有些家庭要通過(guò)郵局寄送和接收成打的賀卡，Theywishtheirfriends“AMerryChristmasand“AHappyNewYear”祝愿朋友“圣誕快樂(lè)”、“新年快樂(lè)”。Thedaybeforethevacationbegins，放假的前一天，schoolshaveChristmaspartiesandprograms學(xué)校要舉行圣誕聚會(huì)，表演節(jié)目。ThechildrensingChristmassongsandreciteChristmaspoems孩子們唱圣誕歌曲，朗誦圣誕詩(shī)篇，TheytrimtheirChristmastreeswithstringsofcoloredlightsTheyputglassornamentsonthetrees用一串串的彩燈裝飾圣誕樹(shù)。Theythrowlittlepiecesofwhitepaperoverthetreesandputwhitepaperorawhitesheetaroundthefeetofthetrees，sothattheyseemtobecoveredwithsnow他們把玻璃裝飾品掛在樹(shù)上，把白紙片撒在樹(shù)上和周?chē)?，用白紙包住圣誕樹(shù)的底部，仿佛白雪皚皚。3SometimestheyhangChristmascookiesandlittlecandiesaroundthem有時(shí)，他們也掛上圣誕點(diǎn)心和糖塊。TheuseofmistletoeaspartofChristmasdecorationsdek裝飾品inprivatehousesiscommonintheUnitedStates美國(guó)家庭普遍用榭寄生作為圣誕節(jié)裝飾的一部分。Aspringisfastenedtoachandelierinthelivingroomandtheyouthsregarditastheirprivilegetokissanyprettyyounggirlwhowittinglyorunwittinglystandsunderit把一個(gè)彈簧系在起居室的枝形吊燈上，小伙子們把親吻有意無(wú)意地站在樹(shù)下的漂亮姑娘看做他們的特權(quán)。KissingunderthemistletoeoriginatedinBritainintheearly17thcentury這一風(fēng)俗源于17世紀(jì)的英國(guó)，Thecustomwasforaberrytoberemovedfromthebough報(bào)everytimeagirlwaskissedunderit最初是這樣的：每當(dāng)樹(shù)下一個(gè)姑娘被親吻時(shí)，人們就會(huì)從圣誕樹(shù)枝上拿走一個(gè)漿果，Whenalltheberrieshadbeenremovedthekissingcametoanend漿果拿沒(méi)了，親吻活動(dòng)也就結(jié)束了。LittlechildrenhanguptheirstockingsonChristmasEveneartheirbeds，小孩在圣誕夜把長(zhǎng)筒襪掛在床邊，andtheybelievethatwhentheyareasleep，他們相信睡著的時(shí)候，SantaClauswillcometovisitthem圣誕老人就會(huì)來(lái)看他們。HecomesdownfromtheNorthPoleanddrivesabigsled圣誕老人駕著大雪橇從北極來(lái)，Inthesledaretoysforallthegoodchildren雪橇上放著給好孩子準(zhǔn)備的禮4物。Eightlittlereindeerpullthesledtherethroughtheair八頭小馴鹿在空中拉著雪橇，Santagetsoutwhenhecomestotheroofofthechildrenshouse到孩子家房頂時(shí)，圣誕老人走下雪橇，Hecomesdownthechimneywithabagoftoys背著大口袋，順著煙囪到屋里。Ifthechildrenhavebeengood。要是孩子表現(xiàn)好的話(huà)；hewillfilltheirstockingswithcandies。他就會(huì)用點(diǎn)心、水果、玩具塞滿(mǎn)長(zhǎng)筒襪。fruitsandtoys，andhealsoputssometoysunderthetree樹(shù)下，圣誕老人也放些玩具。OnChristmasmorning，圣誕節(jié)清早，childrenlookintotheirstockings孩子們看各自的長(zhǎng)筒襪內(nèi)有什么，TheyopentheirChristmaspackagesandexaminetheirgifts他們打開(kāi)圣誕包，看收到了什么禮物。UsuallythewholefamilyhasabigChristmasdinnerintheafternoonorevening一般來(lái)說(shuō)，在下午或晚上，整個(gè)家庭要好好地吃頓圣誕家宴。TheChristmasdinner，whichissimilartotheThanksgivingfeast，這頓家宴和感恩節(jié)的宴席差不多，istraditionallydistinguishedbyaplumPuddingdessert傳統(tǒng)的特色是要有葡萄干、布丁甜食。SometimesAmericanfamiliestrimtreesoutsidetheirhomes有些美國(guó)家庭也要修剪裝飾戶(hù)外周?chē)臉?shù)，Theyputelectriclightsinatreegrowingnearthedoorandatnight，theyturnonthelights.在門(mén)口的樹(shù)上掛起電燈，晚上打開(kāi)電燈。ManytownshaveverylargeChristmastreessetupoutdoorsintheparks許5多城鎮(zhèn)在公園內(nèi)的露天場(chǎng)地上都豎起很大的圣誕樹(shù)。Inmanyruralsectionsofthecountryandinsectionsofsomecities，在一些鄉(xiāng)間和城市的地方，candles，placednearthewindows，人們把蠟燭放在窗口，lightthepathsofsingerswhogofromhousetohousesinging為挨家挨戶(hù)唱圣誕歌曲的歌手照明道路。TheairisfilledwithChristmassongs，空氣中彌漫著圣誕的歌聲，andthestoresaredecoratedinredandgreen，thetraditionalChristmascolors商店也裝飾得紅紅綠綠這是圣誕的傳統(tǒng)顏色。DozensofSantaClauseswelcomethecustomers許多圣誕老人招呼著顧客。ThecommonpeoplehavecreatedlegendsofSantaClausasasymboloftheirdeeploveforchildren普通群眾創(chuàng)造了關(guān)于圣誕老人的各種傳說(shuō)，以表達(dá)對(duì)孩子深深的愛(ài)意。However，thebusinessmenandtheadvertisingcompaniesonthemainroadshaveturnedSantaClausintoacoldcommercialattraction主要街道兩旁的商人和廣告公司則把圣誕老人當(dāng)作了冰冷的商業(yè)誘惑。ChristmasisthebiggesttimeforsellinggoodsandAmericannewspapersandmagazinesmakeacountdownbeforeChristmas：圣誕節(jié)是最繁忙的銷(xiāo)售季節(jié)，美國(guó)各報(bào)紙雜志在圣誕節(jié)前紛紛打出倒計(jì)時(shí)牌，“TwentyoneshoppingdaysbeforeChristmas，twentydaysbeforeChristmas”“距圣誕節(jié)還有621天購(gòu)物時(shí)間”，“距圣誕節(jié)還有20天購(gòu)物時(shí)間”，“Employyourtime,fortimeglidesonwithspeedyfoot”“抓緊時(shí)間購(gòu)物，時(shí)間轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝”。CLOZEClozePleasepayattentionthattherearemorewordsthanarenecessary.lightshangingleaveexchangeornamentscardsnearchurchcourtsstockingsundershoppingundertraditionalfunManypeopleexchangepresentsandsendChristmascardstotheirfamilyandfriendsTheyopentheirpresentsonChristmasEveorChristmasmorningOftentheyleavethebrightlywrappedpackagesunderChristrunsTreesandchildrenhavefunforguessingwhatspecialsurprisesareinstoreforthemAsthecolorfulcardsarrive。AmericansenjoyhangingthemontheChristmastrees在圣誕節(jié)，許多人交換禮物，給家人寄送賀卡。他們?cè)谑フQ節(jié)前夜或圣誕節(jié)早上打開(kāi)禮物。通常，他們把這些色彩絢爛的禮包放在圣誕樹(shù)下，孩子們猜測(cè)包中有什么，從中獲得樂(lè)趣。收到五顏六色的賀卡后，美國(guó)人喜歡把它們掛在圣誕樹(shù)上。ManyfamiliesgotochurchonChristmasEveorChristmas7morningThentheycomehometoenjoyatraditionalChristmasdinnerTheirfavoritecoursesareturkey，goose，andplumpuddingBeforegoingtobedchildrenhangtheirstockingsbytheirbeds，hopingsomecandlesandtovswillbegivenbySantaClaus許多家庭在圣誕前夜或圣誕節(jié)上午去教堂，然后回家享用傳統(tǒng)的圣誕家宴。他們最喜歡的菜是火雞、鵝和葡萄干布丁。睡覺(jué)之前，孩子們把長(zhǎng)筒襪掛在床邊，希望圣誕老人會(huì)給他們送來(lái)糖果和玩具。TextBThanksgivingDay感恩節(jié)(已出過(guò)英譯漢了2006-04)ThanksgivingDaycomesonthefourthThursdayinNovember感恩節(jié)是11月的第四個(gè)周四。Everyyear，thepresidentwritesalettertothepeople每年，美國(guó)總統(tǒng)都要給美國(guó)人民一封信，HewritesthatthefourthThursdayinNovemberwillbeanationalholiday信中說(shuō)，11月的第四個(gè)周四是全國(guó)性的節(jié)日。Allthestoresbanks，schoolsandofficesclose。這一天，所有商店、銀行、辦公場(chǎng)所都不上班。ThepeoplecanspendThanksgivingDaywiththeirfamilies人們同家人歡慶感恩節(jié)。WhenthePilgrimslandedin1620nearCapeCod，Massachusetts1620年，英國(guó)首批清教徒在馬薩諸塞的科德角附近登陸。theirfirstyearwasveryhard他們?cè)诿乐薜牡谝荒攴浅ＦD難，Thewinterwasmuchcolderthantheywereusedtoand8manypeopledied冬天很冷，他們不習(xí)慣，許多人死了。Fortunately，theIndianswerefriendlytothemTheyshowedthemhowtoplantcornandhelpedthemwithfishingandtrapping幸運(yùn)的是，當(dāng)?shù)赜〉匕踩藢?duì)他們很友好，教給他們?cè)鯓臃N玉米，幫他們打獵、捕魚(yú)。Conditionsbegantoimproveinthespringof1621ThePilgrimsplantedalargecropandinthefall，theyhadagoodharvest1621年春天，情況有了好轉(zhuǎn)，清教徒們種了很多莊稼，秋天獲得了大豐收。Besides,therewerealotofwildvegetablesandfruitsFishandgamewereplentiful除此之外，當(dāng)?shù)匾安恕⒁肮芏?，魚(yú)和獵物也應(yīng)有盡有。Therefore，theywereabletogetenoughfreshmeatdespitetheirlackofskillorexperienceinhuntingandfishing雖然他們打魚(yú)、狩獵的技能和經(jīng)驗(yàn)并不多，但也能夠吃上足夠的鮮肉。Theirhealthimprovedwiththewarmweatherandtheirbetterdiet隨著天氣變暖，食物增多，他們的健康狀況也有了好轉(zhuǎn)。Inthefall，theylookedoverthepastyearandwerebothregretfulandthankful秋天時(shí)回想過(guò)去的一年，這些清教徒們既感到遺憾，又充滿(mǎn)感激。OnlyfiftyoftheoriginalonehundredpassengersremainedThepriceinhumanlivesandthetragedyhadbeengreat最初的一百人僅活下來(lái)一半，生命和所遭受痛苦的代價(jià)十分巨大。0ntheotherhand，theysawnewhopeforthe9future另一方面，他們看到了未來(lái)的希望，Theywerehappyandthankful既感到高興，又充滿(mǎn)感激。Theyknewtheyhadenoughfoodfo