比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)歸納總結(jié).pptVIP

Unit7Whatsthehighestmountainintheworld?,Grammarfocus,Whatsthehighestmountainintheworld?Qomolangma.HowhighisQomolangma?Its8,844.43metershigh.Itshigherthananyothermountain.,Whichisthedeepestsaltlakeintheworld?TheCaspianSeaisthedeepestofallthesaltlakes.DidyouknowthatChinaisoneoftheoldestcountriesintheworld?zxxkYes,Idid.ItsmucholderthantheUS.,大多數(shù)形容詞有三個(gè)級(jí)。1.原級(jí):Structure:as.as.像.一樣e.g.TimisastallasTom.2.比較級(jí)(用于兩者之間的比較):Structure：形容詞比較級(jí)than.e.g.Thisboxisbiggerthanthatone.,形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí),3.最高級(jí)(用于三者或三者以上的比較):Structure:the+形容詞的最高級(jí)of/in.e.g.Tomistheheaviestinourclass.Heisthemostpopularinourschool.,規(guī)則變化1)一般情況下，單音節(jié)或雙音節(jié)的形容詞/副詞比較級(jí)er，最高級(jí)est。如:clevercleverercleverestfewfewerfewestsmallsmallersmallest等。,形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化,2)以e結(jié)尾的詞，比較級(jí)r，最高級(jí)st即可。如：nicenicernicestcutecutercutestlargelargerlargest3)以輔音字母y結(jié)尾的變y為ier或est如:easyeasiereasiesthappyhappierhappiest再如：early,busy,heavy,dirty,lazy也如此。,4)重讀閉音節(jié)，單輔音結(jié)尾的，雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母er或est的詞：fatfatterfattestthinthinnerthinnesthothotterhottestredredderreddestwetwetterwettestbigbiggerbiggestzx。xk,5)多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)的詞需要在形容詞原級(jí)前more構(gòu)成比較級(jí)，themost構(gòu)成最高級(jí)。如：beautifulmorebeautifulthemostbeautiful又如:delicious,popular,important,interesting,expensive,creative雙音節(jié)的詞如:carefulmorecarefulthemostcarefulusefulmoreusefulthemostuseful,少數(shù)單音節(jié)詞也是這樣，如：pleasedmorepleasedthemostpleasedtiredmoretiredthemosttiredb)不規(guī)則變化：goodbetterbestwellbetterbestbadworseworstmany/muchmoremost,farfartherfarthest(距離遠(yuǎn))farfurtherfurthest(程度深)oldeldereldest(長(zhǎng)幼)oldolderoldest(年齡),二、用法1.比較級(jí)表示兩者(人或事物)的比較。eg.IamtallerthanTom.Mydressismorebeautifulthanhers.2.最高級(jí)表示三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比較,其中有一個(gè)在某一方面超過(guò)其他幾個(gè)時(shí),用最高級(jí)。最高級(jí)的前面一般要加定冠詞the,后面可帶of(in)短語(yǔ)來(lái)說(shuō)明比較的范圍。如：Sheistheyoungestintheclass.Jasonisthetallestofthethree.Whosehandwritingisthebestofall?,3.在形容詞比較級(jí)前還可用much,even,still,alittle來(lái)修飾,表示“的多”,“甚至”,“更”,“一些”。如：Thiscityismuchmorebeautifulthanbefore.Shesalittlemoreoutgoingthanme.Itsalittlecoldertoday.4.“比較級(jí)and比較級(jí)”意為“越來(lái)越”。多音節(jié)比較級(jí)用“moreandmore形容詞原級(jí)”形式。如：Itsgettingworseandworse.Thegroupbecamemoreandmorepopular.,5.“Which/Whois+比較級(jí)？”比較A、B兩事物,問(wèn)其中哪一個(gè)較時(shí)用此句型。如：WhichT-shirtisnicer,thisoneorthatone?Whoismoreactive,MaryorKate?Whichoneismorepopularamongstudents,goingtoconcertsorgoingtomovies?,6.使用形容詞比較級(jí)時(shí)需注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1)than后面接代詞時(shí),一般要用主格形式，但在口語(yǔ)中也可使用賓格形式。如：MybrotheristallerthanI/me.2)當(dāng)需要表示一方超過(guò)另一方的程度時(shí)，可以用much,alot,alittle,abit,even,still等來(lái)修飾形容詞比較級(jí)。注意:比較級(jí)不能用very,so,too,quite等修飾。如：HeismuchmoreseriousthanSam.,3)形容詞比較級(jí)后面往往用連詞than連接另一個(gè)比較的人或事物,但在上下文明確的情況下,形容詞比較級(jí)可單獨(dú)使用。如：Mysisteristall,butmyauntistaller.我姐姐個(gè)子高,但我姑姑個(gè)子更高。,原級(jí)比較,表示兩者之間沒(méi)有差別時(shí),使用原級(jí)比較：主語(yǔ)(第一個(gè)人物)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+as+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+as+第二個(gè)人物+.如：Heisasexcitedashisyoungersister.他和他妹妹一樣興奮。Lilyrodeherbikeasslowlyasanoldlady.莉莉騎車像老太太一樣慢。Theypickedasmanyapplesasthefarmers.他們摘的蘋果和農(nóng)民一樣多。,表示第一個(gè)人比不上第二個(gè)人時(shí),使用句型:主語(yǔ)(第一個(gè)人物)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(否定式)+as/so+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+asHeisnotso/asexcitedashisyoungersister.他沒(méi)他妹妹那么興奮。Lilydidnotrideherbikeso/asslowlyasanoldlady.莉莉騎車不像老太太那樣慢。Theydidntpickso/asmanyapplesasthefarmers(did).他們摘的蘋果不如農(nóng)民多。,三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度時(shí)，用“the+最高級(jí)”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。這種句式一般常有表示比較范圍的介詞短語(yǔ)。例如：ZhangHuaisthetallestofthethree.Heworks(the)hardestinhisclass.,最高級(jí)的用法,2.最高級(jí)可被序數(shù)詞以及much，byfar，nearly，almost，bynomeans，notquite，notreally，nothinglike等詞語(yǔ)所修飾。例如：Thishatisbyfarmuchnearlyalmostnotnearlybynomeansnotquitenothinglikethebiggest.Howmuchdidthesecondmostexpensivehatcoat?,3.表示“最高程度”的形容詞，如excellent，extreme，perfect等，沒(méi)有最高級(jí)，也不能用比較級(jí)。4.形容詞最高級(jí)修飾作表語(yǔ)或介詞賓語(yǔ)的名詞、代詞時(shí)，被修飾的詞往往省略。e.g.Heisthetallest(boy)inhisclass.5.作狀語(yǔ)的副詞最高級(jí)前可以不加定冠詞。e.g.Ofalltheboyshecame(the)earliest.,比較級(jí)考點(diǎn)比較級(jí)修飾問(wèn)題alittle,abit,even,still,much,alot,far等可修飾比較級(jí)。e.g.TomisalittletallerthanJim.Thisbookismuchmoreinterestingthanthatone.,中考鏈接,同級(jí)比較e.g.TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatinXian.Ourschoolisbiggerthanyours.the+比較級(jí)e.g.Lucyisthefatterofthetwogirls.,“a/an+比較級(jí)”表示“又一，再一”e.g.Lilyhasadoll,butshewantsabiggerone.隱性比較（沒(méi)有than的情況）e.g.Whorunsfaster,LucyorLily?Youdbettercomeearliernexttime.Heworkedhardlastterm,butheworksevenharderthisterm.,越來(lái)越.比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)b.the+比較級(jí)+句子，the+比較級(jí)+句子e.g.Itsgettingcolderandcolder.Themoreyouexercise,thebetteryouare.,2.最高級(jí)考點(diǎn)說(shuō)明：形容詞的最高級(jí)前必須加the；副詞的最高級(jí)前省略the。范圍問(wèn)題e.g.Tomisthetalleststudentintheclass.Springisthebestseasonoftheyear.,“.之一”問(wèn)題e.g.Beijingisoneofthebiggestcitiesintheworld.“the+序數(shù)詞+最高級(jí)”e.g.Ithinkheisthesecondtallestboyinhisclass.,3.比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的轉(zhuǎn)換e.g.Tomisthetalleststudentintheclass.=Tomistallerthananyotherstudentintheclass.=Tomistallerthanalltheotherstudentsintheclass.=NootherstudentsaretallerthanTom.,總結(jié)：anyother+名詞單數(shù)theother+名詞復(fù)數(shù)否定+比較級(jí)=最高級(jí)比較級(jí)+極限=最高級(jí),同級(jí)比較as+adj./adv.+ase.g.SheisasthinasLily.HewritesascarefullyasLinda.not+as/so+adj./adv.+ase.g.TonydidntrunsofastasCarter.,1.Ourfamilyhasboughtacarsowecantravel_thanbefore.（2008陜西）mosteasilyB.lesseasilyC.easilyD.moreeasily2.Myfathertoldmeastorylastnight.Itis_oneIveeverheard.（2009陜西）thefunniestB.funniestC.funnierD.thefunnier,學(xué)以致用,D,A,3.The_friendsyouhave,the_youwillbe.（2010陜西）A.more,happyB.many,happyC.more,happierD.many,happier4.Whenheheardacryforhelp,heranoutas_ashecould.（2011陜西）hardlyB.quicklyC.finallyD.slowly,C,B,5.ThisplaceisnotbigenoughforLucysbirthdayparty.Weshouldfinda_one.（2012陜西）bigB.smallC.biggerD.smaller,C,Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.,bigmuchpopularlongoldhigh,1.TheAmazonRiverisoneofthe_riversintheworld.Itsalittle_thantheYangtzeRiver.2.Qomolangmais8,844.43meters_.Itsoneofthemost_placesforseriousmountainclimbers.,longest,longer,high,popular,4a,3.Nooceanintheworldisas_asthePacificOcean.4.AlthoughJapanis_thanCanada,itis_smaller.,big,older,much,太平洋,n.大海；海洋,Writetwocomparisonsabouttwotopics.Writetruefacts.,Tworivers:_and_,e.g.,4b,TheYangtzeRiverisalmostaslongastheAmazonRiver.TheAmazonislongerthantheYangtze,buttheYangtzeRiveristhelongestriverinChina.,theYangtzeRiver,theAmazonRiver,Twocities:_and_1._.2._.,Twoanimals:_and_1._.2._.,Writefivequestionsusingcomparisons.Thenaskyourpartneryourquestions.,Writing,1._2._3._4._5._,e.g.,4c,Whatisthehighestbuildinginourcity?,Exercises,1.Sheis_than_.A.busier/usB.busier/weC.morebusy/u