中考英語語法虛擬語氣課件.ppt

虛擬語氣,表示說話人的所說的話不是事實， 一種假設(shè)、猜測、懷疑等(在條件從句中或讓步狀語從句中)； 一種表示說話人的愿望、要求、命令、建議等 (在賓語從句 等名詞性從句中)。 I wish you were more careful . 但愿你更細心一些。,條件句有真實條件句和非真實條件句兩種。 真實條件句所表的假設(shè)是可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的,是與事實相符的。 非真實條件句所表的假設(shè)則是不可能或不大可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的， 與事實相反的情況。 If it is fine tomorrow, I will go to visit my grandma. If I were a bird, I would fly to America.,非真實條件句,If I had time, I would certainly join you in the tennis match. （事實是：我沒有時間） 我要是有時間肯定和你一起打這場網(wǎng)球比賽。 If I were you, I would put her suggestion into account. （事實是：我并不是你） 我要是你，我會考慮她的建議的。,非真實條件句,If I should have a chance to try it, I would do it in another way. （假設(shè)的情況不大可能發(fā)生） 要是我有機會試一試，我會用另一種方法做的。 Even if they were to fail, they wouldnt lose courage. （說話人不希望假設(shè)的情況發(fā)生） 即使他們?nèi)f一失敗，他們也不會泄氣。,第一部分：if引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣,一、虛擬語氣在非真實條件句中,虛擬條件句,主句,If+主語+ Ved （be用were),If+主語+had + V過分,If+主語+ Ved （be用were) If+主語+were to+ V原 If+主語+should + V原,主語wouldV原 (should/could/might),主語would V原(should/could/might),主語wouldhave + V過分(should/could/might),I would buy an expensive car. I would buy a villa. I would travel around the world.,If I won the lottery,現(xiàn)在事實相反,If I _time last night, I _ to see the film with you .,had had,would have gone,過去事實相反,If he_ more carefully, he _ the car accident yesterday.,had driven,would not have had,Mark: 100,I _ a party for you .,should get,If you,_ _ _,got,Were to get,a full mark next time,將來時相反,would hold,If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake. If it rained tomorrow, they wouldnt go for an outing.,現(xiàn)在事實相反,與過去事實相反,與將來事實相反,虛擬語氣,If型特例1：混雜條件句：,定義：從句與主句的動作發(fā)生的時間不同,If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.,與過去相反,與現(xiàn)在相反,各自為準,虛擬語氣,If型特例2：省略 if 的條件從句：,用法：從句中有 were, had 或 should 時， 省略if ，而把它們放在句首。,3. If you had not helped me，I should have failed.,2. If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again.,1. If I were you, I would not do that.,Were I you, I would not do that.,Should he failed in the experiment this time, he would try again.,Had you not helped me, I should have failed.,第二部分：賓語從句的虛擬,Wish 的賓語從句,現(xiàn)在： 過去： 將來：,過去時（were）,過去完成時,would/could/might+V.,I wish I were a bird I wish I hadnt made such a mistake We wish our parents wouldnt punish us.,1. 在wish的賓語從句中,用于賓語從句,I wish I were as tall as you. I wish I became as famous as Yao Ming.,I wish I were a bird. I wish I could fly like a bird. I wish every day were my birthday.,現(xiàn)在時,He wish he hadnt eaten so much watermelon. I wish the lunch time would come soon. I wish it would rain tomorrow.,過去時,將來時,第三部分：建議、命令等的虛擬,2.在表示建議，要求，命令的詞 command（命令）, demand（要求）, desire（希望，要求）, insist（堅持）, order（命令）, propose（提議）, recommend（推薦）, request（要求）, require（要求）, suggest（建議），后的賓語從句中： “(should) +動詞原形” e.g. I suggest that we (should) set off at once. I demanded that he (should) answer me immediately.,一個堅持insist ， 兩個命令order, command ， 三個建議advise, suggest, propose 四個要求demand , require, request, desire 注：以上動詞的名詞形式用于從句中，從句中的動詞也是用“(should) + 動詞原形”,名詞形式,suggestion（建議）, motion（動議）, proposal（提議）, order（命令）, recommendation（推薦）， advice (建議) , instruction (指示、指令) idea（想法）,Eg,He proposed that we ( should ) set a dead line for the complement of the plan . 他提議擬定一個執(zhí)行計劃的期限。 They requested that we ( should ) send a delegation to their country. 他們請求我們派一個代表團到他們國家去。 I suggested that he ( should ) set off for our headquarters straightaway . 我建議他馬上動身去我們的總部。,The instruction was that nobody be allowed to go to sleep until further orders. 指示要求，任何人不得在接到進一步的命令之前去睡覺。 My suggestion is that he leave for London at once . 我的建議是他立即動身去倫敦。 What do you think of his proposal that we ( should )put on a play at the English evening? 他的建議是我們在英語晚會上演一個劇,你覺得怎么樣？,My suggestion that we (should) have a meeting has been accepted by others. We all agree to that suggestion that the meeting (should) be put off（延期）.,第四部分：典型習(xí)題,虛擬語氣,Alan _ the party if he had gone to London. A. would have missed B. had missed C. would miss D. missed,Exercises,A,2. If I knew you were coming, I _ you at the airport. A. had met B. met C. would meet D. would have met,D,3. If only I _ to my parents! (But I didnt.) A. listened B. had listened C. should listen D. would listen,B,4. Tom suggested that Ann _ the house. A. sell B. sold C. shall sell D. would sell,A,5. I wish this bus _ to the university. A. go B. went C. has gone D. had gone,B,6. He is talking so much about America as if he _ there. A. had been B. were C. was D. been,A,7. I _ you some money, but I hadnt got any then. A. would lend B. would have lent C. could lend D. may have lent,B,8. Have you ever been to Beijing? - No, but I wish I _. A. have B. will C. do D. had,D,PRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks. a. If they _ (be) here,they _ (take) your advice. b. If the world-war _ (break) out again,what _ (happen) to our people on earth? c. If the policeman _ (be not) in that room now, it _ (be) very dangerous. d. If I _ (be) in your position,I _(ask) for teachers help.,were,would take,broke,would happen,were not,could be,were,would ask,PRACTICE 2: Fill in the blanks e. If Tom _ (be) more careful in the exam, he _ _ (pass) it already. f. If you (get) up earlier, you _ _ (catch) the first train. g. If I _ (meet) you yesterday, we _ _ (go) to the concert together.,had been,would have passed,had got,