高一英語(yǔ)必修4(外研版)3-4Culturalcorner.ppt

1population n. 人口；居民 Whats the population of Mexico? 墨西哥的人口是多少？ Qingdao is a city with a population over 200 million. 青島是一個(gè)有200多萬(wàn)人口的城市。 Most of the worlds population have got enough to eat. 世界上大多數(shù)人已解決了溫飽問(wèn)題。 提示：population作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果指人口總數(shù)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；如果指人口的一部分時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。,單詞積累 populate v. 居住于 heavily populated 人口密集的 thinly populated 人口稀少的 2live adj. 1)活的 We saw a real live tiger. 我們看見(jiàn)了一只活生生的老虎。 2)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的；實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播的；現(xiàn)場(chǎng)演出的 It wasnt a recorded show; it was live. 那不是錄播的節(jié)目，是實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播。,The club has live music most nights. 這個(gè)俱樂(lè)部大多數(shù)晚上有現(xiàn)場(chǎng)演奏的音樂(lè)。,知識(shí)拓展 lively adj. 精力充沛的；充滿活力的 liveable(livable) adj. 適合居住的；有價(jià)值的 辨析：lively, alive，live與living 1)lively有“活潑的；快活的；生動(dòng)的”等意思，可以指人或物，可作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)；但它沒(méi)有“活著的”意思，而其他三個(gè)都有。 Young children are usually lively. 小孩子們通常是活潑的。 He told a very lively story. 他講了一個(gè)生動(dòng)的故事。,2)alive, live, living都有“活的；有生命的”意思，與dead意思相反。但live通常只作前置定語(yǔ)，且一般用來(lái)指動(dòng)物；alive, living不僅可作定語(yǔ)(alive只能置于名詞后；living一般置于名詞前，也可置于名詞后)，也可以作表語(yǔ)。另外，live還有“現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播”的意思。 This is a live(living)fish.(This is a fish alive.)這是一條活魚(yú)。(指動(dòng)物且作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，三者均可用) Whos the greatest man alive(living man)？誰(shuí)是當(dāng)今最偉大的人物？(指人不能用live) The fish is still alive(living)那條魚(yú)還活著。(指動(dòng)物且作表語(yǔ)時(shí)不能用live),3)living主要指在某個(gè)時(shí)候是活著的，而alive指本來(lái)有死的可能，但仍活著的。而且，作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能用alive；作比喻義，如“活像”“活生生的”等解時(shí)，要用living。 He is the living image of his father.(作比喻義，不用alive) 他活像他父親。 4)只有l(wèi)iving前加the時(shí)方可表示“活著的人”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，視作復(fù)數(shù)。 The living are more important to us than the dead. 活著的人對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)比死去的人更重要。,即學(xué)即用 There will be a(n)_football match between China and Brazil on TV tonight. What time? I cant wait for it. Alive Bliving Clively Dalive 答案：A,1at the end of結(jié)束；最終；所剩無(wú)幾；到的盡頭(或極限) Im going to have a holiday at the end of the month. 月末我打算度假。 They are at the end of their food supply. 他們儲(chǔ)備的食物已消耗殆盡。,知識(shí)拓展 no end 大量的 from beginning to end 從頭到尾 come to an end 結(jié)束；最后，終于 make(both) ends meet 收支相抵 achieve/win/gain ones end 達(dá)到目的 end in sth. 以為結(jié)尾；末端是 end up 最終成為；最后處于 on end 豎著；直立著 put an end to 結(jié)束 bring sth. to an end 結(jié)束 All is well that ends well.諺結(jié)局好就一切都好。,辨析：by the end，at the end of與in the end 1)by the end很少單獨(dú)使用，后常接of短語(yǔ)，意為“到結(jié)束的時(shí)候”，表示一段時(shí)間，因此句子多用完成時(shí)態(tài)，即過(guò)去完成時(shí)或?qū)?lái)完成時(shí)。 By the end of last term, we had learned all the texts. 上學(xué)期末我們已經(jīng)學(xué)完了所有課文。 2)at the end of后既可接時(shí)間，也可接地點(diǎn)，意為“在結(jié)尾；在末端”。 At the end of the street, theres a shop. 在街道的盡頭，有一家商店。,3)in the end只能單獨(dú)使用，后面不接of短語(yǔ)，意為“最后”，相當(dāng)于finally或at last。 I found the lost book in the end. 最后我終于找到了我丟的那本書(shū)。,即學(xué)即用 (1)(2010天津卷，11)Joining the firm as a clerk.he got rapid promotion，and_as a manager. Aended up Bdropped out Ccame back Dstarted off 答案：A 句意：作為一名秘書(shū)加入該公司，他得到了快速提升，最后當(dāng)了經(jīng)理。end up“以結(jié)束”；drop out“綴學(xué)”；come back“回來(lái)”；start off“開(kāi)始旅行，以開(kāi)始，迅速跑開(kāi)”。根據(jù)句意，A項(xiàng)正確。,(2)(2010江西卷，26)Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just_sweet dreams. Akeep up with Bput up with Cend up with Dcatch up with 答案：C 句意：睡覺(jué)之前聞聞這些花，你就會(huì)進(jìn)入甜美的夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)。Keep up with跟上；put up with容忍；end up with以結(jié)束；catch up with 趕上。根據(jù)句意，C項(xiàng)正確。,2add.to. 把加到 Will you add some salt to the soup? 請(qǐng)往湯里加點(diǎn)兒鹽好嗎？ 知識(shí)拓展 1)add v. 加；增加；又說(shuō)；補(bǔ)充說(shuō) He expressed his satisfaction with his travel in China, adding that he would come again. 他對(duì)中國(guó)之行表示滿意，并補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，他還會(huì)再來(lái)的。 2)add to 增添；增加；增進(jìn) The bad weather added to our difficulties. 惡劣的天氣增加了我們的困難。,3)add up 加起來(lái)；總計(jì) He wrote down the weight of each stone and then added up all the weights. 他把每一塊石頭的重量記下來(lái)，然后把所有的重量加在一起。 4)add up to 加起來(lái)總共；總計(jì)為 All the figures add up to 1050. 這些數(shù)字總計(jì)是1050。,辨析：add to與add.to. (1)add to指“添加；增添”，其賓語(yǔ)多為困難、吹樂(lè)等抽象名詞。 (2)add.to.指“把加到”，其賓語(yǔ)多為具體名詞。 Every failure one meets with adds to ones experience. 吃一塹，長(zhǎng)一智。 Please add some sugar to the water. 請(qǐng)往水里加些糖。,即學(xué)即用 The headmaster expressed his satisfaction with our performance, _that he had never seen such a good programme. Ahaving added Bto add Cadding Dadded 答案：C,1Why do we clap? To show we like something, of course. 我們?yōu)槭裁匆恼?？?dāng)然是為了表明我們喜歡某事物。 本句使用了一個(gè)省略回答，補(bǔ)充完整為：We clap to show we like something, of course.這常為一個(gè)命題點(diǎn)，有時(shí)不僅僅局限在不定式上，有可能還會(huì)有其他的動(dòng)詞形式，但是解題方法基本相同，即用還原法把它補(bǔ)充完整。 Why did you go there without my permission yesterday? 昨天你為什么沒(méi)有經(jīng)過(guò)我的允許就去那兒？ To see my mother. 為的是看望我母親。,What made Mary so happy? 什么使瑪麗如此高興？ Making great progress in the exam. (她在)考試中取得了很大的進(jìn)步。,即學(xué)即用 What will the land be used for? _ ATo plant young trees. BYoung trees will be planted. CThey will plant young trees. DPlanting young trees. 答案：D,2But we dont clap at the end of a television programme or a book, however good they are. 但是我們不會(huì)在一個(gè)電視節(jié)目或一本書(shū)的最后鼓掌，不管它們有多么好。 本句中使用了由however引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，注意其語(yǔ)序，即however形容詞/副詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)。命題通常會(huì)考查其語(yǔ)序及它與whatever引導(dǎo)的從句的區(qū)別。 However tall you are, you cant reach the apples in the tree. 無(wú)論你有多高，你也不可能夠著樹(shù)上的蘋(píng)果。,We mainly see what you have done, however much you have said. 無(wú)論你說(shuō)了多少，我們主要還是看你做了什么。,即學(xué)即用 He tried his best to solve the problem，_difficult it was. Ahowever Bno matter Cwhatever Dalthough 答案：A,3The theatre was largeit could hold 14,000 people, half the adult male pouplation of the city, which meant that the audience could make a lot of noise. 劇院非常大，它能容納14 000人，占這個(gè)城市成年男子數(shù)的一半，同時(shí)這也意味著觀眾會(huì)制造大量的噪音。 本句中使用了由which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，表示補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。該從句和主句的關(guān)系不十分密切，只對(duì)主句中的先行詞作附加說(shuō)明。如果去掉，主句仍然表達(dá)明確、完整的概念。它和主句之間往往用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。,Mr. Smith, who came to see us yesterday, is a relation of my wife. 史密斯先生是我妻子的一個(gè)親戚，昨天他來(lái)看望我們了。 They are coming back to us, which means that they have been refused elsewhere. 他們回來(lái)找我們了，那意味著他們已在別的地方被拒絕了。,高考直擊 (2010四川卷，10)After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, _ turned out to be a wise decision. Athat Bwhich Cwhen Dwhere 解析：句意：大學(xué)畢業(yè)以后，我抽出了一點(diǎn)時(shí)間去旅游，后來(lái)證明這是個(gè)明智的決定。句中所填處是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞，不可用that；且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，不可用when和where。 答案：B,即學(xué)即用 There were dirty marks on her trousers_she had wiped her hands. Awhere Bwhich Cwhen Dthat 答案：A,4The important thing was to make the noise together, to add ones own small handclap to others. 最重要的是將噪音聚在一起，將某個(gè)人的小掌聲加給其他人。 本句中使用不定式作表語(yǔ)，對(duì)主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明。 To see is to believe. 眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。 Our aim is to study well in the shortest possible time. 我們的目標(biāo)是在盡可能短的時(shí)間內(nèi)把學(xué)習(xí)搞好。,知識(shí)拓展 1)在半系動(dòng)詞seem, appear, look, prove, remain后接形容詞、地點(diǎn)副詞或名詞時(shí)，還可在其前加上to be，意義不變。 She seems to be free. 她看起來(lái)很清閑。 2)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)從句或修飾主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句出現(xiàn)do或do的變化式時(shí)，在主句中作表語(yǔ)的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)常省略to。 All she seems to do is(to) chat online. 她要做的好像就是上網(wǎng)聊天。,3)不定式作表語(yǔ)還可表示對(duì)將來(lái)的安排、打算。 Im to get there at 600. 我打算六點(diǎn)到那里。 4)表示必須干某事，意同must或have to，語(yǔ)氣較重。 She is to answer for all this. 她必須對(duì)這一切負(fù)責(zé)。,即學(xué)即用 The only thing for you to do is_it. Ato peel Bpeel Cpeeling DA or B 答案：D,5But some occasions on which people clap change from one country to another. 但是有一