2018高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題三完形填空第4講說明文靶向訓(xùn)練.docx

專題三 完形填空第4講 說明文模擬演練Cloze 1(2017平頂山高三月考)(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 58210032)Few Americans stay in one place for a lifetime.We_1_from the city to the suburbs，from high school to college in a different state，from a job in one region to a better job_2_，from the home where we_3_our children to the home where we plan to live in_4_With each move we are_5_making new friends，who become part of our new life.For many of us the_6_is a special time for forming new friendships.Today，millions of Americans go on vocation_7_，and they go not only to see new sights but alsoin those places where they do not feel too_8_with the hope of meeting new people.No one really_9_a vacation trip to produce a close friend，but the beginning of a friendship is possible.Surely in every country people_10_friendship.The word“friend”to American people can be_11_to a wide range of relationshipsto someone one has known for a few weeks in a new place，to a close business companion，to a childhood playmate，to a man or woman，to a_12_colleague.There are real_13_among these relations for Americansa friendship may be_14_，casual，situational or deep and lasting.But to a European，who sees only our surface behavior，the differences are not clear.As Europeans see it，all kinds of “friends”flow_15_of Americanshomes with little ceremony.They may be parents of the childrens friends，house guests of neighbors，members of a committee，business associates from another town or even another country._16_as a guest into an American home，the European visitor finds no_17_differences.The atmosphere is_18_Most people，old and young，are called_19_first names.Americans characteristic openness to different styles of relationship makes it possible for us to find new friends abroad with whom we feel_20_【語篇解讀】本文介紹了美國人的生活。美國人一生當(dāng)中總是在搬遷，或者是因?yàn)樯蠈W(xué)的緣故，或者是因?yàn)楣ぷ鞯脑?，還有的是因?yàn)橥诵莺笳覀€(gè)好地方養(yǎng)老。如今，很多美國人喜歡在夏天出國旅游，除了觀光還希望能夠開始一段友誼。1A.drive BcommuteCmove Dsettle解析：考查動詞。A.drive“駕駛”；B.commute“交換”；C.move“移動”；D.settle“解決，定居”。根據(jù)上句“Few Americans stay in one place for a lifetime.”(幾乎沒有一個(gè)美國人一生只留在一個(gè)地方)。可知下句：我們從城市到郊區(qū)，從高中到大學(xué)。故選C。答案：C2A.abroad BelsewhereCsomewhere Dnowhere解析：考查副詞。A.abroad“在國外”；B.elsewhere“在別處”；C.somewhere“在某處”；D.nowhere“無處”。句意：從一個(gè)地區(qū)的一份工作到別處的更好的工作。故選B。答案：B3A.deliver BprotectCeducate Draise解析：考查動詞。A.deliver“遞送”；B.protect“保護(hù)”；C.educate“教育”；D.raise“提高，養(yǎng)育”。句意：從養(yǎng)育孩子的家到計(jì)劃退休居住的家。故選D。答案：D4A.retirement BdeathCillness Dsadness解析：考查名詞。A.retirement“退休”；B.death“死”；C.illness“疾病”；D.sadness“傷心”。根據(jù)上題句意可知故選A。答案：A5A.mostly BmainlyCrarely Dforever解析：考查副詞。A.mostly“多半地”；B.mainly“主要地”；C.rarely“幾乎不”；D.forever“永遠(yuǎn)”。句意：隨著每次移動，我們永遠(yuǎn)交新朋友。故選D。答案：D6A.winter BsummerCspring Dautumn解析：考查名詞。A.winter“冬天”；B.summer“夏天”；C.spring“春天”；D.autumn“秋天”。句意：對我們大多數(shù)人來說夏天是一個(gè)交友的特殊時(shí)候。故選B。答案：B7A.along BfreelyCtogether Dabroad解析：考查副詞。A.along“一起，向前”；B.freely“自由自在地”；C.together“在一起”；D.abroad“到國外”。句意：今天，數(shù)百萬美國人到國外度假。故選D。答案：D8A.alone BstrangeCscared Dremote解析：考查形容詞。A.alone“獨(dú)自的”；B.strange“奇怪的”；C.scared“害怕的”；D.remote“遙遠(yuǎn)的”。句意：在度假的那些地方遇見新朋友他們并不感到太奇怪。故選B。答案：B9A.allows BdesiresCexpects Dimagines解析：考查動詞。A.allows“允許”；B.desires“渴望”；C.expects“期盼”；D.imagines“想象”。句意：沒有人真正地期盼在度假中交一個(gè)親密的朋友。故選C。答案：C10A.form BdevelopCignore Dvalue解析：考查動詞。A.form“形成”；B.develop“發(fā)展”；C.ignore“忽視”；D.value“評估，估價(jià)，珍惜”。句意：當(dāng)然在每個(gè)國家都珍惜友誼。故選D。答案：D11A.used BappliedCstuck Ddedicated解析：考查動詞。A.used“使用”；B.applied“應(yīng)用”；C.stuck“卡住”；D.dedicated“把用于”。句意：美國人能把“朋友”這個(gè)單詞廣泛地應(yīng)用在人際關(guān)系中。故選B。答案：B12A.kind BgenerousCtrusted Dhelpful解析：考查形容詞。A.kind“和藹的”；B.generous“慷慨的”；C.trusted“可信的”；D.helpful“有益的”。句意：對一個(gè)誠實(shí)的同事。故選C。答案：C13A.differences BvarietiesCdistinctions Ddiversities解析：考查名詞。A.differences“區(qū)分，不同”；B.varieties“種類”；C.distinctions“區(qū)別”；D.diversities“多樣性”。句意：對美國人來說上文提到的這些關(guān)系有真正的區(qū)分。故選A。答案：A14A.informal BreliableCshallow Dfragile解析：考查形容詞。A.informal“非正式的”；B.reliable“可靠的”；C.shallow“淺的”；D.fragile“易碎的”。句意：一種友誼可能是膚淺的，隨便的，環(huán)境形成的或深厚的，永久的。故選C。答案：C15A.in and out Bon and onCby and by Dup and down解析：考查固定搭配。A.in and out“進(jìn)進(jìn)出出”；B.on and on“繼續(xù)不停地”；C.by and by“不久，馬上”；D.up and down“上上下下”。句意：正如歐洲人所看到的，各種各樣的朋友進(jìn)進(jìn)出出美國家庭，毫無禮儀可言。故選A。答案：A16A.Moving BFlowingCGoing DComing解析：考查動詞。A.Moving“移動”；B.Flowing“流動”；C.Going“去”；D.Coming“來”。句意：作為一個(gè)客人來到美國家庭，歐洲游客會發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有明顯的區(qū)別。故選D。答案：D17A.obvious BheavyCexplicit Dstrong解析：考查形容詞。A.obvious“明顯的”；B.heavy“重的”；C.explicit“明確的”；D.strong“強(qiáng)壯的”。故根據(jù)上題句意可知選A。答案：A18A.weird BstressedCrelaxed Dstrange解析：考查形容詞。A.weird“怪異的”；B.stressed“緊張的”；C.relaxed“放松的”；D.strange“奇怪的”。句意：氣氛是放松的。故選C。答案：C19A.with BonCfor Dby解析：考查介詞。句意：多數(shù)人，老人和年輕人，用名字稱呼。因?yàn)槭潜粍诱Z態(tài)，故選D。答案：D20A.at best Bat homeCat heart Dat hand解析：考查詞組。A.at best“充其量”；B.at home“在家”；C.at heart“內(nèi)心里”；D.at hand“近在手邊”。句意：美國人對不同類類型關(guān)系的開放性特征，使我們感覺到和新朋友在一起就像在家里一樣。故選B。答案：BCloze 2(2017桂林第十八中學(xué)高三模擬)Footracing (競走) is a popular activity in the United States.It is not only seen as a competitive sport，but also as a _1_ to exercise.Though _2_ runners may spend months training to compete，other runners and walkers might not train at all._3_ not competing to win might run in an effort to _4_ their own time，or _5_ to enjoy the fun and exercise.People of all _6_，from those less than one year old to those in their 80s，_7_ into this sport.The races are held on city streets，on college campuses，_8_ parks，and in suburban areas，and commonly 5 to 10 kilometres in _9_The largest footrace in the world is the 12-kilometre Bay to Breakers _10_ that is held in San Francisco every spring.This race _11_ on the east side of the city near San Francisco Bay and ends on the _12_ side at the Pacific Ocean.In 1993 there were 80，000 people _13_ in this race through the streets and hills of San Francisco.In the _14_ are the serious runners who compete to win，and _15_ might finish in as little as 34 minutes.Behind them _16_ the thousands who take several hours to finish.In the back of the race are those who wear various clothing just for _17_There was a group of firefighters who were all _18_ in a long line and were carrying a fire-hose (消防水龍帶)One year there was a wedding _19_，in which the bride dressed in a long white dress and the groom wore a tuxedo (晚禮服)They _20_ flowers to by-standers，and were actually married at some point along the route.【語篇解讀】本文為說明文，說明了競走在美國是一項(xiàng)流行的運(yùn)動。1A.planBdesignCsport Dway解析：上下邏輯題。根據(jù)前文的“not only”和“but also”可知競走不僅是一種競賽體育項(xiàng)目，而且是一種鍛煉的方式。答案：D2A.serious BamateurCfamous Dordinary解析：詞義辨析題。根據(jù)下文的“training to compete”和“not train at all”判斷應(yīng)是“認(rèn)真的、正式的”。答案：A3A.Others BTheseCThose DOnes解析：詞義復(fù)現(xiàn)題。根據(jù)句意：那些參加比賽不是為了贏的人可能會跑以擠出時(shí)間，或者答案：C4A.save Bbeat Cwaste Dvalue解析：固定搭配題。beat ones time“擠出時(shí)間”。答案：B5A.finally BsimplyCpartly Dcertainly解析：詞義辨析題?；蛘邇H僅是為了享受樂趣或鍛煉。simply“僅僅，簡單地”。答案：B6A.ages BwalksCsorts Dnations解析：固定搭配題。of all ages“各個(gè)年齡段的”。答案：A7A.turn BlookCbreak Denter解析：固定搭配題。enter into this sport“報(bào)名參加這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動”。答案：D8A.across BoverCthrough Don解析：上下邏輯題。根據(jù)空前后的介詞短語判斷應(yīng)是這種運(yùn)動可穿越公園。through“穿過”。答案：C9A.size BlengthCdepth Dheight解析：上下邏輯題。根據(jù)前文提到的競走運(yùn)動，和空前的“5 to 10 kilometres”判斷應(yīng)是在長度上。答案：B10A.race BcityCground Dceremony解析：詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。根據(jù)前文的“footrace”和下句的“race”可知應(yīng)選比賽(race)。答案：A11A.holds BgoesCbegins Dcarries解析：上下邏輯題。根據(jù)下文的“ends”判斷是開始。答案：C12A.north Bsouth Ceast Dwest解析：上下邏輯題。根據(jù)前文的“east side”判斷此處是“west side”。答案：D13A.signing BhelpingCwatching Drunning解析：上下邏輯題。根據(jù)前文的“race”，應(yīng)是1993年，有80，000人參加這項(xiàng)比賽，穿越舊金山的街道和山脈。答案：D14A.beginning BfrontCcourse Dprocess解析：固定搭配題。in the front在前面，相對于后面提到的Behind them和In the back of。答案：B15A.who Bwhat Cwhich Das解析：語法結(jié)構(gòu)題。前文“who”引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，and連接的是并列的定語從句，后一個(gè)定語從句中也是缺少主語，也應(yīng)用who引導(dǎo)。答案：A16A.stay BfallCare Dstand解析：語法結(jié)構(gòu)題。題干中是介詞短語放在句首的倒裝句，主語為the thousands，系動詞應(yīng)用are。答案：C17A.fun BmedalCwin Dprize解析：固定搭配題。for fun“為了好玩”。根據(jù)前文的“various clothing”和前一段的“enjoy the fun”判斷選A項(xiàng)。答案：A18A.wrapped BfollowedCseparated Dtied解析：詞義辨析題。be tied in a line“一排并行”。答案：D19A.dinner BpartyCday Dinvitation解析：上下邏輯題。wedding party“婚禮”。答案：B20A.sold BpresentedCthrew Ddonated解析：上下邏輯題。根據(jù)下文的“by-standers”判斷是向旁觀者扔花。答案：CCloze 3(2017肇慶高三模擬)(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 58210033)It is always interesting and inspiring to observe human behavior.Some behavior_1_to be true to form more often than not.In the past years，we have always held a Christmas gift exchange at our house with at least ten of our_2_Each year，we all buy gifts_3_ in Christmas paper.When everyone is sitting around a_4_at home，all the gifts are piled in the middle of the floor.People choose a(n)_5_from a bowl that tells him or her when they can take their_6_to choose their gifts.The person with the number one can choose any_7_ and then，each person picks one in turns.Before they choose a gift，they have the_8_ of taking the gift from the former person._9_ when all numbers have chosen a gift，the person_10_the first number can then take a gift away from any other person.What is always interesting is_11_ each person as they choose a gift.What happens_12_usually happens more often than not.The biggest gift always gets chosen first.It is hardly the smallest gift，_13_is it the fanciest gift-wrapping.What does this tell us about most human_14_ ?Is the_15_always the best or worth the most? Is it that we think that something small is not worth as much or cannot_16_ our expectations?Human beings，in fact，appear_17_ all sorts of packaging and size.Some are bigger and some are smaller；some are dressed_18_ and some are dressed poorly.Behind every human trapping though_19_ unforeseen characteristics，talents，desires，hurts，pains and dreams.Just as Terry Josephson，a motivational speaker，says，“_20_ thinking in terms of limitations and start thinking in terms of possibilities.”【語篇解讀】本文主要講了通過在圣誕節(jié)的時(shí)候發(fā)禮物來觀察每一個(gè)人的行為，這是很有趣的。1A.intends BhappensCseems Dremains解析：考查動詞以及對語境的理解。A.intends“打算”；B.happens“發(fā)生”；C.seems“似乎”；D.remains“仍然”。seem to be“似乎，好像”。故選C。答案：C2A.audience BfamilyCclass Dteam解析：考查名詞以及對語境的理解。A.audience“觀眾”；B.family“家庭”；C.class“班級”；D.team“隊(duì)”。根據(jù)語境可知是我們的家人家庭。故選B。答案：B3A.covered BpiledChidden Dwrapped解析：考查動詞以及對語境的理解。A.covered“環(huán)繞”；B.piled“堆積”；C.hidden“隱藏”；D.wrapped“纏繞”。根據(jù)語境可知是纏在圣誕樹上的禮物。故選D。答案：D4A.circle BdistanceCdirection Dtable解析：考查名詞以及對語境的理解。A.circle“循環(huán)”；B.distance“距離”；C.direction“方向”；D.table“桌子”。根據(jù)語境可知是每個(gè)人在家里坐著圍成一圈。故選A。答案：A5A.tip BfortuneCnumber Ditem解析：考查名詞以及對語境的理解。A.tip“方法”；B.fortune“未來”；C.number“數(shù)量”；D.item“類別”。根據(jù)語境可知是人們選擇一個(gè)數(shù)字。故選C。答案：C6A.chances BturnsCmeasures Dtime解析：考查名詞以及對語境的理解。A.chances“機(jī)會”；B.turns“轉(zhuǎn)彎”；C.measures“方法”；D.time“時(shí)間”。take ones turn“輪流”，根據(jù)語境可知是輪流選擇禮物。故選B。答案：B7A.gift BnumberCperson Dbowl解析：考查名詞以及對語境的理解。A.gift“禮物”；B.number“數(shù)字”；C.person“人”；D.bowl“碗”。根據(jù)語境可知是選擇禮物。故選A。答案：A8A.desire BpatentCoption Dtalent解析：考查名詞以及對語境的理解。A.desire“愿望”；B.patent“父母”；C.option“選擇”；D.talent“天賦”。have a option of“有的選擇權(quán)”。根據(jù)空后“taking the gift from the former person”可知選C。答案：C9A.At the end BIn other wordsCBy the way DOn the contrary解析：考查短語以及對語境的理解。A.At the end“最后”；B.In other words“換句話說”；C.By the way“順便說一下”；D.On the contrary“相反”。根據(jù)空后“when all number have chosen a gift”可知選A。答案：A10A.counting BholdingCoffering Dexchanging解析：考查動詞以及對語境的理解。A.counting“數(shù)”；B.holding“舉行”；C.offering“提供”；D.exchanging“交換”。根據(jù)語境可知是拿著第一個(gè)號碼的人。故選B。答案：B11A.persuading BaccompanyingCseeing Dwatching解析：考查動詞以及對語境的理解。A.persuading“勸說”；B.accompanying“陪伴”；C.seeing“看”；D.watching“觀看”。句意：有趣的是當(dāng)他們選擇禮物時(shí)觀察每一個(gè)人。故選D。答案：D12A.last BnextCfinally Dfirst解析：考查副詞以及對語境的理解。A.last“最后”；B.next“接下來”；C.finally“最終”；D.first“首先”；句意：接下來發(fā)生的。故選B。答案：B13A.and BorCyet Dnor解析：考查副詞以及對語境的理解。由hardly可知，這里是否定句，所以這里需用nor。故選D。答案：D14A.history BmindCbehavior Dcustom解析：考查名詞以及對語境的理解。A.history“歷史”；B.mind“想法”；C.behavior“行為”；D.custom“習(xí)俗”；根據(jù)語境可知是大多數(shù)人的行為，故選C。答案：C15A.biggest BsmallestCcheapest Dheaviest解析：考查形容詞以及對語境的理解。A.biggest“最大”；B.smallest“最小”；C.cheapest“最便宜”；D.heaviest“最重的”。根據(jù)空后“always the best or worth the most”可知選A。答案：A16A.catch up with Blive up toCget along with Dbreak away from解析：考查動詞短語以及對語境的理解。A.catch up with“趕上”；B.live up to“達(dá)到”；C.get along with“和友好相處”；D.break away from“打破”。句意：是不是小的東西達(dá)不到我們的期望。故選B。答案：B17A.with BonCin Dat解析：考查介詞以及對語境的理解。in all sorts of是固定搭配。故選C。答案：C18A.privately BwealthilyCsimply Delegantly解析：考查副詞以及對語境的理解。A.privately“私下”；B.wealthily“富有地”；C.simply“簡單的”；D.elegantly“優(yōu)雅的”。這里的意思是：有些人穿得很優(yōu)雅，有些人穿得很破舊。故選D。答案：D19A.lies BcontainsCdisappears Doccurs解析：考查動詞以及對語境的理解。A.lies“位于”；B.contains“包含”；C.disappears“消失”；D.occurs“發(fā)生”。這里是位于的意思。故選A。答案：A20A.Remember BBeginCKeep DStop解析：考查動詞以及對語境的理解。A.Remember“記得”；B.Begin“開始”；C.Keep“保持”；D.Stop“停止”。這里的意思是：不要在想局限性，要首先想想可能性。故選D。答案：DCloze 4(2017廣州高三綜合測試)(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 58210034)Eco-tourism involves people traveling to beautiful but environmental sensitive places.Such trips are_1_ carried out with an experienced guide.Over recent years，this type of travel has been steadily gaining_2_ as more people search for new travel experiences.Eco-tourism has many benefits.First，all the_3_spent by the tourists is used to_4_the important environmental spots they visit.Second，it helps_5_to better understand the environment，thereby_6_their knowledge of the world.Furthermore，this style of travel is also more_7_of the local culture.Compared to_8_tourists，eco-tourists use energy more efficiently，save water and produce less rubbish by finding ways to_9_it.These behaviours have a_10_and lasting effect on the local environment.Two things are needed to make eco-tourism a/an_11_.First，it should be done in small groups.And second，because it requires considerable effort，both eco-tourists and locals must be_12_ in their commitment to improving the environment.Green travel provides local people with jobs in parks，_13_and shops.One great achievement of eco-tourism has been the_14_of illegal hunting.Former hunters can now work as guides to help keep the animals_15_in their natural surroundings.Green travel also_16_local peoples quality of life，especially childrens.Peru is one country using eco-tourism to promote respect for the_17_Its now able to take better care of its rainforests because of a/an_18_on more sustainable (可持續(xù)的) travel._19_ this，local peoples living-standards have improved.Many others are now following Perus_20_ and using eco-tourism to preserve their environment for the future generations.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。近幾年生態(tài)旅游越來越受到大家的青睞，文章重點(diǎn)陳述了生態(tài)旅游的好處。1A.finally BusuallyCsuddenly Droughly解析：根據(jù)下文“Over recent years，this type of travel has been steadily gaining”可知，這樣的旅行通常在有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的導(dǎo)游幫助下進(jìn)行。A項(xiàng)意為“終于”；B項(xiàng)意為“通?！?；C項(xiàng)意為“突然”；D項(xiàng)意為“粗糙地”。故B項(xiàng)正確。答案：B2A.pleasure BsatisfactionCpopularity Dfreedom解析：根據(jù)下文“more people search for new travel experiences”可知，更多的人尋求新的旅游體驗(yàn)，所以這種旅行受到大家的歡迎。A項(xiàng)意為“快樂，令人高興的事”；B項(xiàng)意為“滿意”；C項(xiàng)意為“普及，受歡迎”；D項(xiàng)意為“自由”。故C項(xiàng)正確。答案：C3A.money Btime Cenergy Deffort解析：根據(jù)下文“is used to_ the important environmental spots they visit”可知，游客所花的錢被用于重要的生態(tài)景點(diǎn)。A項(xiàng)意為“金錢”；B項(xiàng)意為“時(shí)間”；C項(xiàng)意為“精力”；D項(xiàng)意為“努力”。故A項(xiàng)正確。答案：A4A.pollute BprotectCpurchase Dexplore解析：根據(jù)語境并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，游客所花的錢被用來保護(hù)生態(tài)景點(diǎn)。A項(xiàng)意為“污染”；B項(xiàng)意為“保護(hù)”；C項(xiàng)意為“購買”；D項(xiàng)意為“探索”。故B項(xiàng)正確。答案：B5A.scientists Bhunters Cguides Dvisitors解析：根據(jù)常識可知，應(yīng)該是生態(tài)旅游有助于游客更好地了解自然環(huán)境。A項(xiàng)意為“科學(xué)家”；B項(xiàng)意為“獵人”；C項(xiàng)意為“向?qū)А?；D項(xiàng)意為“游客”。故D項(xiàng)正確。答案：D6A.approving BconfirmingCenriching Dsupporting解析：根據(jù)上文“better understand the environment，thereby”可知，生態(tài)旅游幫助游客更好地了解自然環(huán)境，因此能夠豐富他們的知識。A項(xiàng)意為“批準(zhǔn)”；B項(xiàng)意為“確認(rèn)”；C項(xiàng)意為“豐富”；D項(xiàng)意為“支持”。故C項(xiàng)正確。答案：C7A.respectful BawareCuncertain Dindependent解析：根據(jù)上文可知，生態(tài)旅游幫助游客了解、保護(hù)自然環(huán)境，對當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕且环N尊重。A項(xiàng)意為“尊敬的”；B項(xiàng)意為“意識到的，知曉的”；C項(xiàng)意為“不確信的”；D項(xiàng)意為“獨(dú)立的”。故A項(xiàng)正確。答案：A8A.rich BcuriousClazy Dnormal解析：根據(jù)空格前的“Compared to”及語境可知，此處指與一般游客相比，生態(tài)游客能更有效地使用資源、節(jié)約用水等。A項(xiàng)意為“富有的”；B項(xiàng)意為“好奇的”；C項(xiàng)意為“懶惰的”；D項(xiàng)意為“一般的，正常的”。故D項(xiàng)正確。答案：D9A.use BrecycleCcopy Drestrict解析：根據(jù)語境可知，他們想辦法循環(huán)利用資源，目的是減少垃圾的產(chǎn)生。A項(xiàng)意為“使用”；B項(xiàng)意為“循環(huán)利用”；C