2018年高三英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)專題1.4Earthquakes真題回放含解析.docx

專題1.4 Earthquakes【導(dǎo)學(xué)案】單詞識(shí)記1._(n.) 地震（同quake） 2._(n.) 井 3._(n.) 管；導(dǎo)管 4._(vi.) 爆裂；爆發(fā) (n.)突然破裂；爆發(fā) 5._(n.) 百萬 6._(n.) 事件；大事 7._(n.) 民族；國家；國民 8._(n.) 運(yùn)河；水道 9._(n.) 蒸汽；水汽 10._(n.) 污垢；泥土11._(n.) 廢墟；毀滅 (vt.)毀滅；使破產(chǎn) 12._(n.) 苦難；痛苦 13._(adj.) 極度的 _(adv.) 極度地14._(vt.) 損害；傷害 _(n.) 損害；傷害 _(adj.) 受傷的15._(v.) 破壞；毀壞；消滅 16._(n.) 磚；磚塊17._(n.) 水壩；堰堤18._(n.) 軌道；足跡；痕跡 19._(adj.) 無用的；無效的；無益的 _(adj.) 有用的 20._ _(v.) (使)震驚;震動(dòng)(n.)休克;打擊;震驚 _(adj.)令人震驚的_(adj.) 感到震驚的21._(n.&vt.) 援救；營救 22._ (vt.) 使陷入困境 (n.)陷阱；困境 23._ (n.) 電；電流；電學(xué) _(adj.) 用電的；帶電的 _(adj.) 電學(xué)的；與電有關(guān)的 24._ (n.) 災(zāi)難；災(zāi)禍 25. _(v.) 埋葬；掩埋；隱藏 26. _(n.) 礦井 _ (n.) 礦工27. _(n.) 掩蔽；掩蔽處；避身處28. _(n.) 標(biāo)題；頭銜；資格 29. _(n.) 記者 _(vt.) 報(bào)道30_(n.) 條；棒；條狀物 31._(n.& vt.) 損失；損害 32._(vt.) 使驚嚇；嚇唬_(adj.) 受驚嚇的；受恐嚇的 _ (adj.) 令人恐懼的 33._(n.) 祝賀；（復(fù)數(shù)）賀詞 _ (vt.) 祝賀34 ._(n.) 裁判員;法官(vt.)斷定;判斷;判決35._(adv.) 真誠地；真摯地36._(vt.) 表示；表達(dá) (n.)快車；速遞 _(n.) 表達(dá)；表示37._(n.) 要點(diǎn)；大綱；輪廓38._(n.) 報(bào)刊的大字標(biāo)題39._(n.) 騎自行車的人_(vi.) 騎自行車【解析】本題重點(diǎn)考查對(duì)本單元所學(xué)重點(diǎn)單詞的識(shí)別記憶。短語回顧1.立刻；馬上 _2.仿佛；好像 _3.結(jié)束；終結(jié) _4.嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪 _5.掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn) _6.許多；大量的 _7.輕視；認(rèn)為沒有價(jià)值 _8.在戶外 _9.做演講 _10.集資；籌款；募捐 _11.陷入 _12.埋頭于 _【真題回放】1.【2017北京卷】31. The little problems _ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.A. that B. as C. where D. when 【答案】A考點(diǎn)：考查定語從句?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】定語從句的關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞（who, whom, whose, that, which, as 等）和關(guān)系副詞（when, where, why等）。1. 關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語，定語等成分。關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語。eg. An architect is a person who / that designs houses and buildings. The city where / in which I was born is on the new railway line.2. 關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，從句謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。學(xué)% 關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可省略（非限定性定語從句中不可省略）。e.g. I find it difficult to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.I find it difficult to cooperate with the one who always sticks to his own opinion.The suit (which / that ) the tailor made for me doesnt fit me.The room in which my family live used to be a garage.2.【2017江蘇】28. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.A. which B. its C. whose D. whom 【答案】C【解析】試題分析：考查定語從句。先行詞是“the World Food Programme”，“世界糧食項(xiàng)目”的目的之一是，whose在定語從句中作定語，這里限定purposes，故選C。句意：1963年聯(lián)合國建立了世界糧食計(jì)劃署，其目的之一就是為了緩解世界范圍內(nèi)的饑餓問題。考點(diǎn)：考查定語從句3.【2017天津】9. My eldest son, _ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.A. that B. whose C. his D. who【答案】B【解析】考點(diǎn)：考查定語從句?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】定語從句的考查主要就是考查關(guān)系詞的辨析，關(guān)系代詞that, which, whom, as， who在句中做主語，賓語，表語;whose做定語；where, why, when在句中做地點(diǎn)，原因和時(shí)間狀語。要分析定語從句的成分，看缺少什么成分，就選用相應(yīng)的關(guān)系詞。4.【2016北京】22. I live next door to a couple _ children often make a lot of noise.A. whose B. why C. where D. which【答案】A【解析】試題分析：題目考查定語從句的關(guān)系詞。a couple是先行詞，這對(duì)夫妻的孩子很吵，children和couple是所屬關(guān)系，故用whose作定語，whose children相當(dāng)于the children of whom，故選A?？键c(diǎn)：考查定語從句【名師點(diǎn)睛】定語從句的關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞（who, whom, whose, that, which, as 等）和關(guān)系副詞（when, where, why等）。1. 關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語，定語等成分。關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語。eg. An architect is a person who / that designs houses and buildings. The city where / in which I was born is on the new railway line.2. 關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，從句謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。 關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可省略（非限定性定語從句中不可省略）。eg. I find it difficult to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.I find it difficult to cooperate with the one who always sticks to his own opinion.The suit (which / that ) the tailor made for me doesnt fit me.3. 非限定性定語從句中，關(guān)系詞均不可省略。注意關(guān)系代詞that, 關(guān)系副詞why, 不可用于非限定性定語從句。4. 作介詞賓語的關(guān)系代詞 在限制和非限制性定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語，即介詞+關(guān)系代詞，whom用于指人，which用于指物，不能用that。eg. The man with whom you shook hands just now is head of our department.Mrs. Nye, with whom you shook hands just now, is head of our department. The room in which my family live used to be a garage.5.【2016江蘇】23.Many young people, most _were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.A.of whichB.of themC.of whomD.of those【答案】C【解析】【名師點(diǎn)睛】“of whom / which”引導(dǎo)的定語從句：在非限制性定語從句中，先行詞作為一個(gè)整體，表示整體中的一部分，即表示“部分與整體”的關(guān)系時(shí)，用of which/ whom或者of which / whom都可以。但與表示所屬關(guān)系不同，這里不能用whose來代替of which。一、表示整體中的部分The buses,most of whichwere already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.公共汽車大多數(shù)都已經(jīng)擠滿了人，它們被憤怒的人群包圍著。I picked up the apples,some of whichwere badly bruised.我揀起那些蘋果，其中有一些傷得很厲害。I bought a dozen eggs, six of which broke when I dropped the box.我買了一打雞蛋，六個(gè)在我失手掉了盒子時(shí)摔碎了。There are two bottles left,one of whichis almost finished and the other of which is not quite.只剩兩瓶，一瓶快喝完了，另一瓶沒完全喝完。The treasure some of which has been recovered, has been sent to the British Museum.這些寶藏已送往大英博物館，其中有一些是失而復(fù)得的。二、表示所屬關(guān)系Hes written a book, the name of which Ive forgotten.他寫了一本書，書名我忘了。句中的the name of which=whose name。It was an agreement the details of which could not be altered.這是一項(xiàng)其細(xì)節(jié)不可更改的協(xié)定。句中的the details of which=whose details。考點(diǎn)：考查定語從句6.【2016浙江】11. Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of _ has been proved.A. whom B. which C. what D. that【答案】B【解析】考點(diǎn)：考查定語從句?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】定語從句的考查主要就是考查關(guān)系詞的辨析，關(guān)系代詞that, which, whose, whom, as， who在句中做主語，賓語，表語或者定語；where, why, when在句中做地點(diǎn)，原因和時(shí)間狀語。要分析定語從句的成分，看缺少什么成分，就選用相應(yīng)的關(guān)系詞。如果是代詞+of+關(guān)系代詞，注意先行詞是人用whom，先行詞是物用which。7.【2016天津】9. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, _ the weather may be better. A. that B. where C. which D. when【答案】D【解析】試題分析： 句意：我們將把公園的野餐推遲到下個(gè)星期，那時(shí)天氣可能會(huì)更好。使用定語從句，先行詞是next week，定語從句中不缺少主賓表，缺少時(shí)間狀語。故選D?？键c(diǎn)：考查定語從句?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】定語從句的考查主要就是考查關(guān)系詞的辨析，關(guān)系代詞that, which, whose, whom, as， who在句中做主語，賓語，表語或者定語；where, why, when在句中做地點(diǎn)，原因和時(shí)間狀語。要分析定語從句的成分，看缺少什么成分，就選用相應(yīng)的關(guān)系詞。8.【2015湖南】29.It is a truly delightful place, _ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.A. as B. whereC. thatD. which【答案】D【解析】【考點(diǎn)定位】考查定語從句關(guān)系代詞?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】本題旨在考查定語從句中的關(guān)系詞，要求學(xué)生掌握在什么情況下用關(guān)系副詞，什么情況下用關(guān)系代詞以及各自的意義。非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明，去掉了也不會(huì)影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號(hào)分開。非限制性定語從句還能將整個(gè)主句作為先行詞, 對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾, 這時(shí)從句謂語動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)。關(guān)系代詞that和關(guān)系副詞why不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。9.【2015北京】24.Opposite is St.Pauls Church,_you can hear some lovely music.A. which B.that C.when D.where【答案】D【解析】試題分析：句意：對(duì)面是圣保羅教堂，在教堂里你能聽到一些優(yōu)美的音樂。這是一個(gè)定語從句。先行詞是St. Pauls Church，從句主謂賓成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推斷出引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作的是地點(diǎn)狀語。用where。故選D?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查非限制性定語從句【名師點(diǎn)睛】本題考查學(xué)生對(duì)非限制性定語從句的掌握情況，做題之前先看到句子中間有沒有逗號(hào)，逗號(hào)是非限制性定語從句的標(biāo)志。然后再看句子中缺不缺成份，在定語從句中從句主語賓語都不缺少時(shí)，應(yīng)該考慮關(guān)系副詞，所以學(xué)生需要記住這種方法。10.【2015重慶】14. He wrote many children s books, nearly half of_ were published in the 1990s.A. whom B. which C. them D. that【答案】B 【解析】 試題分析：句意：他寫了許多兒童書籍，幾乎一半在1990年左右出版。先行詞是books，定語從句中of缺少賓語，故選B項(xiàng)。 【考點(diǎn)定位】考查定語從句。 【名師點(diǎn)睛】定語從句有一種介詞+關(guān)系代詞，用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞，不及物動(dòng)詞后面無賓語，就必須要求用關(guān)系副詞或介詞+關(guān)系代詞，而及物動(dòng)詞后接賓語，則要求關(guān)系代詞。Do you know the boy to whom she was talking? Do you know the boy (that) she was talking to?此類定語從句，首先從先行詞入手，確實(shí)主語是人還是物，再根據(jù)定語從句缺少的成分來辨別到底用哪個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞。11.【2015浙江】19. Creating an atmosphere employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.A. as B. whose C. in which D. at which【答案】C【解析】【考點(diǎn)定位】考查定語從句介詞加which的用法。【名師點(diǎn)睛】解答此題需要能夠看出這是一個(gè)定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)名詞+連詞+句子，也需要分析從句的句子成分。關(guān)系詞的選擇，最關(guān)鍵的就是看先行詞在定語從句中作什么成分，而不是看先行詞是表示什么的單詞，如表示地點(diǎn)的先行詞之后未必用where，同樣表示時(shí)間的先行詞之后未必用when。當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語，且該介詞不是和從句的謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成固定短語時(shí)，介詞可以提前，這樣就出現(xiàn)介詞+關(guān)系代詞。先行詞指物，用介詞+which，指人則用介詞+whom， 且兩個(gè)關(guān)系代詞均不能省略，介詞的選擇要遵循兩個(gè)原則： 1.根據(jù)定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞與先行詞的搭配內(nèi)容而定。2.根據(jù)先行詞特殊用法而定。12.【2015天津】15 The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere _ his employees enjoy their work.A. where B. whichC. whenD. who【答案】A【解析】試題分析：句意：公司老板正盡力創(chuàng)造一種輕松的氣氛，在這種氣氛中，其員工喜歡他們的工作。句中先行詞為atmosphere，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞where。根據(jù)句意可知選A?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查定語從句?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】本題考查定語從句。定語從句是高考重點(diǎn)考查知識(shí)之一，分析定語從句需要牢牢抓住兩點(diǎn)：第一、找準(zhǔn)先行詞。第二、看先行詞在從句中所作的成分。抓住這兩點(diǎn)，再根據(jù)句意，從而能夠判斷出正確的關(guān)系詞。13.【2015四川】3.The books on the desk, covers are shiny, are prizes for us.Awhich B. what C. whose D. that【答案】C【解析】【考點(diǎn)定位】考查定語從句【名師點(diǎn)睛】本題考查定語從句中關(guān)系詞的選擇。本句主要考查了關(guān)系代詞whose的用法，whose在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)定語，和其后的名詞之間存在所有關(guān)系，還是比較容易判斷的。此題中如果在covers之前加上定冠詞the，則需要用of+which結(jié)構(gòu)。即此題等同于：The books on the desk, of which the covers are shiny, are prizes for us.14.【2015陜西】15. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time he should be able to be independent.A. which B. where C. whom D. when【答案】D【解析】試題分析：句意：作為家里最小的孩子，Alex總是渴望他能夠有獨(dú)立的時(shí)間。這里使用定語從句，先行詞是the time，定語從句中缺少時(shí)間狀語，用關(guān)系副詞when，所以選D?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查定語從句【名師點(diǎn)睛】定語從句的考查主要就是考查關(guān)系詞的辨析，關(guān)系代詞that, which, whose, whom, as， who在句中做主語，賓語，表語或者定語；where, why, when在句中做狀語。要分析句子成分，看缺少什么成分，就選用相應(yīng)的關(guān)系詞。15.【2015福建】34.China Today attracts a worldwide readership,_ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. A. whoB. whomC. thatD. which【答案】D【解析】【考點(diǎn)定位】考查非限制性定語從句【名師點(diǎn)睛】關(guān)系詞的選擇，最關(guān)鍵的就是看先行詞在定語從句中作什么成分，而不是看先行詞是表示什么的單詞，如表示地點(diǎn)的先行詞之后未必用where，同樣表示時(shí)間的先行詞之后未必用when。Which在非限制性定語從句中通常是代指前面整個(gè)句子或者一個(gè)較長的詞語，并且在從句中做主語。16.【2015江蘇】21.The number of smokers, _ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.A. it B. which C. what D. as【答案】D【解析】試題分析：句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，吸煙者人數(shù)僅（過去）一年就減少了17%。as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句位置靈活，可以置于主句的句首、句中或句末，指代的是整個(gè)一句話。故選D項(xiàng)?？忌菀渍`選B項(xiàng)which，把逗號(hào)前面的the number of smokers看成先行詞，后面非限制性定語從句用which引導(dǎo)。殊不知，這里關(guān)系代詞指代的是“The number of smokers has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.”整個(gè)一句話。另外，as和which在定語從句都可以指代一句話，但前者有“正如”的意思，后者則沒有。還可以抓住as is reported這一常用結(jié)構(gòu)，類似的還有asis known/expected/planned/mentioned/said等?！究键c(diǎn)定位】定語從句【名師點(diǎn)睛】考生容易誤選B項(xiàng)which，把逗號(hào)前面的the number of smokers看成先行詞，后面非限制性定語從句用which引導(dǎo)。殊不知，這里關(guān)系代詞指代的是“The number of smokers has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.”整個(gè)一句話。另外，as和which在定語從句都可以指代一句話，但前者有“正如”的意思，后者則沒有。還可以抓住as is reported這一常用結(jié)構(gòu)，類似的還有asis known/expected/planned/mentioned/said等。17.【2015安徽】28.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon_ school education depends.A. itB. thatC. whoseD. which【答案】D【解析】【考點(diǎn)定位】考查定語從句【名師點(diǎn)睛】本題考查定語從句。定語從句分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句，有逗號(hào)隔開的是非限制性定語從句。定語從句的關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。在定語從句中，介詞后只能跟whom或which，指人用whom；指物用which。這里的先行詞是skill，指物。學(xué)%18.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。There has been a recent trend in the food service industry towards lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(醫(yī)學(xué)界) 61._ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62._ (effect) such as overweight and heart diseasethe very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63._ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64._ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 65._ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66._ (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67._ (be) full of fat and salt; by 68._ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃點(diǎn)心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69._ (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70._ is not good for the health.64. are removed考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。此處意思是“當(dāng)脂肪和鹽分從食物中被去掉后”。分析可知fat，salt和remove之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，脂肪和鹽分是被人們?nèi)サ簦杂帽粍?dòng)語態(tài)。故填are removed。65. a考查冠詞。固定短語as a result表示“結(jié)果是”。結(jié)果是，人們將吃更多的食物去彌補(bǔ)損失的東西。故填a。66. worse考查比較級(jí)。更糟糕的是，人們所吃的快餐的數(shù)量增加了。故填worse。67. is考查主謂一致。fast food的意思是“快餐”，表示一類食物，為不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。故填is。【名師點(diǎn)睛】語法填空題的考查形式為：在一篇200詞左右的語篇（短文或?qū)υ挘┲辛舫?0處空白，部分空白的后面給出單詞的基本形式，要求考生根據(jù)上下文填寫空白處所需的內(nèi)容或所提供單詞的正確形式，所填寫詞語不得多于3個(gè)單詞?？忌氺`活運(yùn)用語法知識(shí)，如單詞詞性、單詞時(shí)態(tài)、名詞單復(fù)數(shù)、連接詞、代詞、冠詞等判斷各空白處應(yīng)填寫的內(nèi)容。具體考查形式有以下幾種：一、給出動(dòng)詞基本形態(tài)，填寫詞性詞形轉(zhuǎn)化(轉(zhuǎn)為名詞、形容詞)，或填寫謂語部分，可能需要填寫兩個(gè)或三個(gè)詞，或是填寫非謂語動(dòng)詞；二、給出形容詞，需要填寫比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)，或詞性詞形轉(zhuǎn)化，轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞，或是填寫反義詞(前綴)；三、給出副詞，填寫比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)，或是填寫反義詞；四、不給提示詞，主要填寫介詞、連詞、冠詞和代詞。有提示詞：考查謂語動(dòng)詞，非謂語動(dòng)詞，形容詞，副詞例如第62題has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease，給出了提示詞effect。考生可以從詞性變化和單復(fù)數(shù)兩方面考慮，effect可變?yōu)樾稳菰~effective，變?yōu)楦痹~effectively，分析語境可知?jiǎng)澗€處應(yīng)該填名詞，不需要做詞性上的變化。所以考生可以從單復(fù)數(shù)方面考慮，根據(jù)劃線處前的some可知應(yīng)該填名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。所以考生可以確定正確答案為effects。無提示詞：考查冠詞，介詞，連詞，代詞例如第70題it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health. 結(jié)合語境可知作者要表達(dá)“很可能攝入過多的脂肪和鹽，那對(duì)健康沒有好處”的意思。分析可知which is not good for the health為非限制性定語從句，先行詞為前文中的have too much of both“攝入過多的脂肪和鹽”，所以填which。19. 閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometres and allowed people to avoid terrible 61._ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 62._ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 63._ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64._ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.Steam engines 65._ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 66._ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25，000 people were using 67._ every day.Later, engineers 68._ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the 69._ (introduce) of electricpowered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 70._ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had whitepainted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.63. laying考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處用lay的動(dòng)名詞形式laying與前面的digging形成并列。該詞填空難度較大，若考生未辨明lielying/lay/lain和laylaying/laid/laid等特殊詞形變化會(huì)導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)誤。64. the考查冠詞。此處特指鐵軌上方的頂部工程?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】 在語法填空中，我們要特別注意詞性轉(zhuǎn)換題。如本文的，橫線前是冠詞the，所以橫線上要使用名詞introduction。，在英語中，副詞通常做狀語修飾形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞，形容詞通常在句中做定語或表語修飾名詞。所以本句中使用副詞fairly作狀語修飾形容詞pleasant。 詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題要先確定所要填的單詞在句中的成分。技巧1：作表語、定語或補(bǔ)語，通常用形容詞形式。技巧2：作主語，或在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后作賓語，用名詞形式。技巧3：修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞，或整個(gè)句子，作狀語，用副詞形式。技巧4：括號(hào)中所給詞為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，也不一定是考動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)或非謂語動(dòng)詞，有可能考詞類轉(zhuǎn)換；若是形容詞或副詞，有可能考查其比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)。技巧5：詞義轉(zhuǎn)換題。詞類不一定要變，主要是考查具有與詞根意義相反的派生詞，需根據(jù)句子意思及前后邏輯關(guān)系，在詞根前加un-,im-，il-,ir-，in-,non-,dis-等，在詞根后加-less等。考點(diǎn)：考查語法填空 20.閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 56._ (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But