2018年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)每日一題第22周語(yǔ)法填空1含解析.docx

語(yǔ)法填空（1）高考頻度： 難易程度：(2017新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I)There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（醫(yī)學(xué)界） 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food _67_ (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃點(diǎn)心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了對(duì)于食物中的脂肪和鹽分，人們的態(tài)度不一。脂肪和鹽分對(duì)于健康來(lái)說(shuō)是必不可少的，但如果人們攝入過(guò)多的脂肪和鹽分，自身的健康將會(huì)受到損害。人做某事”，被動(dòng)形式為“sb. be required to do sth.”(某人被要求做某事)。故填to process。68. eating 【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：通過(guò)吃更多的快餐，人們將在飲食中攝入超過(guò)需求量的脂肪和鹽。根據(jù)前文中的by可知此處應(yīng)該填名詞、動(dòng)名詞，所以填eating。69. careful 【解析】考查形容詞。句意：然而，注意不要走極端。分析語(yǔ)境可知be后面應(yīng)該用形容詞作表語(yǔ)，故填careful。70. which 【解析】考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。句意：很可能攝入過(guò)多的脂肪和鹽，那對(duì)健康沒(méi)有好處。分析可知which is not good for the health為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是前面的整句話?！緫?yīng)試必備】【命題解讀】語(yǔ)法填空題是在一篇200詞左右的短文中給出10個(gè)空，其中7個(gè)空是給出一個(gè)單詞，填寫(xiě)它的正確詞形，如形容詞的比較級(jí)等，其余3個(gè)空是結(jié)合上下文直接填詞（不多于3個(gè)單詞）。這就要求考生既要掌握熟練的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，還要有一定的語(yǔ)言閱讀能力?！窘忸}步驟】語(yǔ)法填空題就設(shè)題類型而言主要分為有提示詞類和無(wú)提示詞類，這兩種設(shè)題類型的解題方法不盡相同，下面分別就這兩種類型的解題步驟進(jìn)行詳細(xì)介紹：一、有提示詞類1. 提供動(dòng)詞：當(dāng)設(shè)空處提供動(dòng)詞原形，設(shè)空處一般考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或詞類轉(zhuǎn)化。2. 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換類：詞性轉(zhuǎn)換多以派生詞變化為主，如：形容詞與副詞間的相互轉(zhuǎn)化；形容詞與名詞間的相互轉(zhuǎn)化；形容詞與動(dòng)詞間的相互轉(zhuǎn)化；動(dòng)詞與名詞間的相互轉(zhuǎn)化等。3. 有個(gè)別空可能是詞義轉(zhuǎn)換題，詞性不一定改變，主要考查與詞根意義相反的派生詞，此事，需根據(jù)句子意思及上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，加un-，im-等或在詞根后加-less等。二、無(wú)提示詞類首先，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)確定要填哪類詞。然后，根據(jù)句子的意思及結(jié)構(gòu)，確定具體填什么詞。最后，根據(jù)上下文邏輯關(guān)系及語(yǔ)意確定具體用哪個(gè)詞。解題時(shí)要注意以下規(guī)律：1. 缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，要填代詞。（1）如果在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前挖空，答案應(yīng)首先考慮代詞。所填代詞主要考慮人稱代詞（he，she，they，it等）和關(guān)系代詞（that，which，who等）。（2）如果空前為及物動(dòng)詞、及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)或者介詞，要考慮人稱代詞賓格和在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞。2. 名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞前挖空，可以考慮用限定詞或介詞。（1）如果在名詞前挖空，答案應(yīng)首先考慮限定詞。限定詞包括冠詞（a，an，the）、物主代詞（my，her等）、關(guān)系詞（whose等）、疑問(wèn)代詞（what，which等）、不定代詞（no，some，neither等）等。（2）名詞或代詞前挖空，而該名詞或代詞在句中不作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)，也不作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，該空很可能填介詞。此時(shí)要特別注意空格處的詞與空前的詞構(gòu)成的固定搭配。3. 若兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)單詞或短語(yǔ)之間或兩個(gè)句子間沒(méi)有連詞，可能需要填連詞，主要有表示并列關(guān)系的and和表示選擇關(guān)系的or等。4. 若兩句之間沒(méi)有連詞，也沒(méi)有分號(hào)或句號(hào)，一般考慮填關(guān)系詞或從屬連詞。5. 若句子結(jié)構(gòu)較完整，空格后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是原形，且與上下文時(shí)態(tài)不一致或主謂不一致時(shí)，很可能填情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或倒裝的助動(dòng)詞（do，does，did等）。如果是一般疑問(wèn)句則要考慮填助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（do，does，did，have，has，had，can，may等）。6. 形容詞或副詞前設(shè)空，表示程度要考慮用how，so，too等；名詞前設(shè)空，如果是感嘆句考慮用what等。Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asias biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top 1 (attract). So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I 2 （allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be 3 (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back 4 my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 5 I was the first Western TV reporter 6 (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 7 (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 8 (it) mother. The nursery team switches him ever