新世紀(jì)研究生公共英語教材閱讀Aunit11.ppt

Unit Eleven,Etiquette,Lead-in,Definition of etiquette: the conventional rules of behavior and ceremonies observed in polite society. rules of acceptable behavior: the rules and conventions governing correct or polite behavior in society in general or in a specific social or professional group or situation. Synonyms: manners, good manners, protocol, custom, propriety, decorum, politeness Antonym: bad manners,Group Discussion,Can you give some examples of old customs of politeness and ceremony in old China? Kowtow Offer sacrifices to an ancestor Various festivals (Tomb-sweeping Day, Lantern Festival, the Dragon-Boat Festival, Double-Seventh Day the Double Ninth Festival),Dinner Etiquette,Text Learning,What is the definition of ETIQUETTE according to the text? Etiquette refers to the conventional rules of behavior and ceremonies observed in polite society.,Text Learning,What may be one of the origins of etiquette? Respect for authority.,Text Learning,According to the article, how does the author introduce etiquette to us? One origin of etiquette is respect for authority. (Paras1-3) Rules of etiquette may prevent embarrassment and even serious disputes. (Para4) Outside palace circles, the main concern of etiquette has been to make harmonious the behavior of equals. (Paras5-6) Three elements of good manners: the basic moral duties, the practical rules and artificial, optional graces. (Paras7-12) The essential basis of all good manners, concern for the old and weak, and the avoidance of offending others unnecessarily, does not vary. (Para13),Paraphrases,The purpose is not only to make the ruler seem almost godlike, but also to protect him from familiarity, for without some such protection his life, lived inevitable in the public eye, would be intolerable. This can serve two purposes: one is to make the ruler seem almost godlike, the other is to protect his privacy. Otherwise, he would live in the public eye, which is unbearable.,Paraphrases,The lords had returned to their castles from the crusades, and there the ideals of chivalry grew up, which emphasized the virtue and gentleness of women and demanded that a knight should profess a pure and dedicated love to a lady who would be his inspiration, and to whom he would dedicate his valiant deeds, though he would never come physically close to her. The lords had come back from the crusades, and the ideals of chivalry built up there, which highlights womens merits and tenderness and required that a knight should confess a pure and devoted love to lady. The lady would be his encouragement and the knight would devote his brave deeds to the lady although he would never have close body contacts with her.,Paraphrases,Absolute rulers have made etiquette more complex rather simpler. social classes have used etiquette as a weapon against intruders, to make themselves separated from the lower classes. While declining societies used etiquette as a barrier between classed, prosperous countries were quite willing to allow successful people from the lower classes to move up in society. The had to learn,Figure of Speech,Meanwhile the throne itself was raised in the air so that, on looking up, the ambassador saw the ruler far above him, haughty and remote. Hyperbole,Translation Practice,This historical distinction attracted attention to her works early in the present century, even when the music of most of her male contemporaries, and , indeed, most women composers of any era, remained relatively ignored. 正是這種歷史性的與眾不同在本世紀(jì)初引起了人們對(duì)她的作品的關(guān)注，而這時(shí)大多數(shù)和她同時(shí)代的男性作曲家，甚至任何時(shí)代的女性作曲家的作品，相對(duì)來說都一直為人們所忽略。,Translation Practice,But appreciation of her style was limited by prevailing convention to an isolation of its supposedly feminine qualities: “ great spontaneity, exquisite grace, marvelously fine taste.” 但是對(duì)其風(fēng)格的欣賞卻被按慣例局限于孤立的據(jù)稱是女性化的特點(diǎn)：“極為自然，精美而雅致，不尋常的高品味?！?Translation Practice,The expansion was not limited to traditional domains, such as defense and welfare. New target areas of government spending include the physical sciences, social sciences, and the arts. 這種增長不僅限于國防和福利等傳統(tǒng)領(lǐng)域，政府開支中新的目標(biāo)區(qū)域包括自然科學(xué)，社會(huì)科學(xué)和藝術(shù)。,Assignment 1. Review Unit 11; 2. Preview Unit 12; 3. Exercises.,Phone Etiquette,1. Turn your cell phone off or set the ring to “silent“ or “vibration“ when in these locations: restaurant, airplane, theater, library, museum, church, classroom, business meeting, hospital. 2. When in public, always keep the conversation very brief and to the point. Long conversations should take place in private. 3. Keep your voice low when talking in public so as not to distract others around you. 4. When in small enclosed spaces such as a doctors waiting room, leave the room and go out in the hall to converse.,Phone Etiquette,5. When you are with someone and you need to answer your cell phone, excuse yourself. If the conversation will be more than a minute, move a slight distance away to carry on the discussion. 6. Driving and talking is not about manners or etiquette, but about safety. Its best to avoid using a cell phone while driving. If you receive a call, you can always call back at a more safe and convenient time. 7. Ear buds: hands free works well, especially when driving.,1. When greeting someone at interview, a double-hander handshake is a good way to show my sincerity and interest. 面試中與人打招呼時(shí)，雙手握手是展現(xiàn)自己誠意和興趣的好辦法。,Job-Hunting Etiquette Quiz with Answer 求職禮儀測(cè)試,Job-Hunting Etiquette Quiz with Answer 求職禮儀測(cè)試,2. At an interview or meeting, it is generally necessary for me to stand only when a women walks into the room (regardless of my gender). 在面試或者開會(huì)時(shí)，無論我是何性別，只有當(dāng)有女士進(jìn)入房間時(shí)才需要起立。,Job-Hunting Etiquette Quiz with Answer 求職禮儀測(cè)試,3. When talking on the phone with a potential