2020版高考英語復(fù)習(xí)課時作業(yè)（三）（含解析）北師大版.docx

課時作業(yè)(三)課時練(一)閱讀理解提速練練速度(限時：35分鐘)閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。2019重慶調(diào)研The Belt and Road started people going around. Now 2018 is slowly coming to the middle, which means its time to start brainstorming your plans for the next half year. Here weve just released the top four places to visit.Seville, SpainSeville has traded heavy traffic for bicycles and trams in recent years, making it an enjoyable city to visit and get around. And the city is known for its beautiful Moorish architecture. This year its celebrating the 400th anniversary of Bartolom Esteban Murillo, a baroque (巴洛克風(fēng)格的) painter and a native of Seville.Detroit, AmericaIn recent years, Detroit has transformed from a heap of abandoned sites to a fashionable city that boasts trendy galleries, hotels, and bike shops. Theres a hockey and basketball arena (競技場) downtown and three new parks that will help extend the riverfront trail. Plus, getting to all of Detroits hotspots is easy thanks to the QLine streetcar.Canberra, AustraliaTheres a lot happening in Canberra this year. For the first time ever, the capital city will host a cricket (板球) Test match between Australia and Sri Lanka at the Manuka Oval. Outside of this event, the city is full of national landmarks, as well as plenty of memorable cultural and cooking experiences.Hamburg, GermanyHamburgs new 789 million euro concert hall is the very reason to visit this northern German city in 2018. The hall took years to complete, but its striking glass walls and contrasting brick bottom are a sight to view. The hall is conveniently located in HafenCity port area, which stretches along the Elbe River and is home to riverfront bars and busy nightlife.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文?！耙粠б宦贰弊寚说难酃馔断蚴澜?。2018年即將過半，下半年世界上最值得一游的四個地方是西班牙的Seville、美國的Detroit、澳大利亞的Canberra和德國的Hamburg?！倦y句分析】Now 2018 is slowly coming to the middle, which means its time to start brainstorming your plans for the next half year.分析：該句為主從復(fù)合句。句中“which means its time to start brainstorming your plans for the next half year”為which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，which指代前面的整個句子，在從句中作主語。譯文：現(xiàn)在2018年正慢慢走向年中階段，這意味著是時候開始考慮你下半年的計劃了。1In which column (欄目) of a magazine can you most probably find such a passage?ASports.BCulture.CTravel. DArchitecture.答案與解析：C考查推理判斷。通讀全文可知，文章第一段最后一句“Here weve just released the top four places to visit”為全文的主旨句；結(jié)合文章介紹了2018年下半年世界上最值得一游的四個地方，即西班牙的Seville、美國的Detroit、澳大利亞的Canberra和德國的Hamburg可知，本文最可能出現(xiàn)在旅游欄目中。C項正確。2Where can you enjoy both sports and riverbank sights or views?ASeville. BDetroit.CCanberra. DHamburg.答案與解析：B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“both sports and riverbank sights or views”定位至第三段第二句“Theres a hockey and basketball arena (競技場) downtown and three new parks that will help extend the riverfront trail”，據(jù)此可知，美國的Detroit有一個曲棍球和籃球競技場和三個新公園，這些新公園延長了濱河小徑。故在美國的Detroit你可以享受河岸美景和體育運動，故B項正確。3If you are interested in architectural styles, you may choose to visit _.ASeville and DetroitBDetroit and CanberraCCanberra and HamburgDHamburg and Seville答案與解析：D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“architectural styles”定位至第二段的第二句“And the city is known for its beautiful Moorish architecture”，據(jù)此可知，西班牙的Seville以其美麗的摩爾式建筑而聞名，故西班牙的Seville值得對建筑風(fēng)格感興趣的人一游；根據(jù)尾段第二句“The hall took years to complete, but its striking glass walls and contrasting brick bottom are a sight to view”可知，該音樂廳經(jīng)數(shù)年時間才建成，它那引人注目的玻璃墻和與之形成對比的磚砌的底部是值得一看的景觀，據(jù)此可知，德國的Hamburg值得對建筑風(fēng)格感興趣的人一游。故D項正確。B2019江西名校聯(lián)盟檢測Americans are remembering rock musician Thomas Earl Petty. Petty died at his home “surrounded by family, his bandmates and friends” in Malibu, California. He was 66 years old. Pettys longserving manager Tony Dimitriades has made a statement confirming the time of the singers death.Petty and his band finished their most recent tour at the Hollywood Bowl in Los Angeles. In December, Petty told Rolling Stone magazine that he thought this would be the groups last performance together.Singersongwriter Bob Dylan was a friend of Pettys. They performed together over 20 years ago in a group called the Traveling Wilburys. In a statement to Rolling Stone magazine, Dylan said Pettys death was “shocking, crushing news”. And he added, “He was a great performer, full of the light, a friend, and Ill never forget him.”Petty was born on October 20, 1950 in Florida. The New York Times newspaper reported that he had a difficult childhood and did not do well in school. Petty said he first wanted to become a rock and roll star after meeting Elvis Presley while Presley was in Florida filming a movie called Follow That Dream.Petty rose to fame in the 1970s with his band Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers. They were known for hits such as “American Girl”， “Listen to Her Heart” and “You Got Lucky”. The group became a member of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2001.But alongside his success, Petty suffered from depression (抑郁癥) and turned to drugs. A 2015 biography told about his addiction to the drug heroin in the 1990s. Warren Zanes, the writer of Petty: The Biography, told The Washington Post that Petty “hit a point in his life when he did not know what to do with the pain he was feeling”Petty once told CNN, “Music, as far as I have seen in the world so far, is the only real magic that I know. There is something really honest and clean and pure and it touches you in your heart.”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了搖滾明星Thomas Earl Petty的成名歷程等。【難句分析】Petty said he first wanted to become a rock and roll star after meeting Elvis Presley while Presley was in Florida filming a movie called Follow That Dream.分析：這是一個主從復(fù)合句。said后面是一個含有時間狀語從句的賓語從句。譯文：Petty說他是在遇到Elvis Presley后第一次想成為搖滾明星的，當(dāng)時Elvis Presley正在Florida拍攝一部名為Follow That Dream的電影。4What kind of person is Petty according to Dylan?AGenerous and creative.BOptimistic and selfless.CActive and gifted.DConsiderate and kind.答案與解析：C考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中Dylan對Petty的評價“He was a great performer, full of the light, a friend, and Ill never forget him”可推知，Dylan認(rèn)為Petty思想上很活躍，也很有才華，故選C項。5Who inspired Petty to become a rock and roll star?APresley. BDylan.CZanes. DDimitriades.答案與解析：A考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“Petty said he first wanted to become a rock and roll star after meeting Elvis Presley while Presley was in Florida filming a movie called Follow That Dream”可知，Petty是受到Presley的影響而想成為一名搖滾明星的，故答案為A。6When did Petty become famous?AIn his teens. BIn his twenties.CIn his fifties. DIn his sixties.答案與解析：B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“Petty was born on October 20, 1950 in Florida”以及第五段中的“Petty rose to fame in the 1970s with his band Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers”可知，Petty出生在1950年，而他是在20世紀(jì)70年代成名的，據(jù)此可算出他是在二十多歲的時候成名的。7Why was Petty addicted to heroin?AHe experienced a troubled childhood.BHe was proud of his success in music.CHe wanted to escape from his suffering.DHe lost hope for life because of his illness.答案與解析：C考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“But alongside his success, Petty suffered from depression (抑郁癥) and turned to drugs”“Petty hit a point in his life when he did not know what to do with the pain he was feeling”可推知，Petty因無法擺脫抑郁的痛苦而開始吸食海洛因，故答案為C。C2019石家莊質(zhì)量檢測 After shopping for deals in stores on “Black Friday”， or online on “Cyber Monday”， Americans and people worldwide are preparing for newly popular “Giving Tuesday”. Starting in 2012, now the global event that is celebrated annually on the Tuesday after Thanksgiving is the brainchild of 92nd Street Y, a cultural center in New York City and the United Nations Foundation.As the name indicates, “Giving Tuesday” is meant to restart the charitable season and therefore observed by raising funds for local nonprofits and schools, organizing food and clothing drives, and conducting random acts of kindness. In 2015, 700, 000 people from 71 countries came together to donate $116.7 million in cash. An additional $ 1.08 million was spent on gifts.While the easiest way to participate is by donating to your favorite charity, this day can be celebrated in many other ways too. You can give back by volunteering at your local shelter or food bank, or even by donating blood. If all else fails, a purchase from the growing number of organizations that give a portion of their sales to charity will do the trick.But perhaps the best way to celebrate the day is by helping those nearest and dearest to you. Assist a family member with a simple chore like folding laundry, cooking dinner, or even reading to a younger sibling. No matter what you do, be sure to share your good deed on social media and inspire others to celebrate “Giving Tuesday” as well!【語篇解讀】本文是文化風(fēng)俗類說明文，介紹了Giving Tuesday (“給予星期二”)這項慈善活動的初衷和做法，號召人們通過做各種力所能及的活動來獻愛心?！倦y句分析】Starting in 2012, now the global event that is celebrated annually on the Tuesday after Thanksgiving is the brainchild of 92nd Street Y, a cultural center in New York City and the United Nations Foundation.分析：這是一個主從復(fù)合句。主干部分是the global event is the brainchild of 92nd Street Y and the United Nations Foundation; that is celebrated annually on the Tuesday after Thanksgiving是定語從句，修飾先行詞the global event; a cultural center in New York City是the 92nd Street Y的同位語；Starting in 2012是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語。譯文：現(xiàn)在，每年在感恩節(jié)之后的星期二慶祝這項全球性的活動。它是從2012年開始的，是92nd Street Y，一個位于紐約的文化中心與聯(lián)合國基金會的主意。8Which of the following has the shortest history?ACyber Monday. BGiving Tuesday.CBlack Friday. DThanksgiving Day.答案與解析：B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段第一句話“After shopping for deals in stores on Black Friday， or online on Cyber Monday， Americans and people worldwide are preparing for newly popular Giving Tuesday”可知，Giving Tuesday出現(xiàn)在Black Friday和Cyber Monday之后；再根據(jù)下一句“Starting in 2012, now the global event that is celebrated annually on the Tuesday after Thanksgiving is the brainchild of 92nd Street Y, a cultural center in New York City and the United Nations Foundation”可知，Giving Tuesday是2012年才出現(xiàn)的，而Thanksgiving Day(感恩節(jié))的歷史非常悠久，故答案是B。9Whats the main purpose of “Giving Tuesday”？ATo persuade more people to shop online.BTo make Thanksgiving Day enjoyable.CTo encourage more people to do charity.DTo get voluntary work better known.答案與解析：C考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞purpose定位到文章的第二段。根據(jù)第二段第一句話“As the name indicates, Giving Tuesday is meant to restart the charitable season and therefore observed by raising funds for local nonprofits and schools, organizing food and clothing drives, and conducting random acts of kindness”可知，這項活動是為了重啟慈善季，募集資金、食物、衣服等幫助有需要的人們，故答案是C。10Why does the author advise sharing good deeds on social media?ATo donate money to local schools.BTo keep a record of ones experience.CTo help people make new friends.DTo make “Giving Tuesday” more popular.答案與解析：D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞sharing定位到文章的第四段。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“No matter what you do, be sure to share your good deed on social media and inspire others to celebrate Giving Tuesday as well”可知，作者主張把做的好事共享到社交媒體上，是為了鼓勵別人來參與“給予星期二”活動，故答案是D。11Which section of a website does the text probably come from?ABusiness. BLifestyle.CEducation. DCulture.答案與解析：D考查文章出處。文章著重介紹了一項慈善活動Giving Tuesday，這不屬于生意、生活方式及教育，而屬于文化風(fēng)俗類，故答案是D。D2019長春監(jiān)測 Next time you go shopping, keep in mind that there may be hidden cameras analyzing your habits. According to a 2015 survey of 150 managers from Computer Services Corporation, a quarter of British shops use facial recognition software to collect data on shopper behavior. With concerns that facerecognition cameras “are kind of invasive (侵犯的)”， British analysis firm Hoxton Analytics has come up with a new way of measuring footfall (客流量) by filming peoples shoes. The technology can collect a large amount of personal information. “We have cameras at 50 cm off the ground and they point down so they are less invasive than facial recognition，”Duncan Mann, Hoxtons officer said. As modern cities get fuller 70 percent of the population will live in urban areas by 2050 cameras and other technologies are taking over public spaces and collecting our data. Their purpose is to keep people safe, provide efficient services and prevent disasters and crimes. But some are not happy with the cameras as far as their privacy(隱私) is concerned.“Very few of us have any real concept of what data smart cities are gathering，” said Renate Samson. We begin giving away data as soon as we wake up. When we enter the transport system, we are giving away even more details about ourselves through smart cards, mobile phones or credit cards. Nick Millman, director at a consulting firm thinks statistics are the key to the privacy concern. He used the example of Google Maps, which is to monitor the flow of traffic in Stockholm. He explained, “It is basically adding privacy controls to statistics so that you only see the data you need to know about.” In this case, Google gets enough data to improve traffic but not so much that it shows individual journey patterns.【語篇解讀】本文主要討論了在現(xiàn)代生活中，人們對于個人信息以科技途徑流失的狀況的擔(dān)憂和可能的解決方法?！倦y句分析】Next time you go shopping, keep in mind that there may be hidden cameras analyzing your habits.分析：本句是一個復(fù)合句。Next time用作連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中不作句子成分；hidden是動詞ed形式作定語；analyzing your habits是動詞ing短語作后置定語。譯文：下次你去購物，記住有可能有隱藏的攝像頭正在對你的習(xí)慣進行分析。12What is the article mainly about?AAn introduction to collecting shoppers data.BThe concerns about giving away personal data.CThe problems caused by imbalanced distribution of population.DAn invention recording and collecting customers information.答案與解析：B考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“According to a 2015 survey of 150 managers from Computer Services Corporation, a quarter of British shops use facial recognition software to collect data on shopper behavior”并結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講的是對于泄露個人信息這一問題的擔(dān)憂，故選B。13The new technology invented by Hoxton Analytics _.Acan gather a lot of peoples personal data from their shoesBuses cameras fitted on the ground to collect customers dataChas improved the accuracy of facial recognition softwareDoffers a perfect solution to customers privacy concerns答案與解析：A考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段第一句和第二句“With concerns that facerecognition cameras are kind of invasive (侵犯的)， British analysis firm Hoxton Analytics has come up with a new way of measuring footfall (客流量) by filming peoples shoes. The technology can collect a large amount of personal information”可知，Hoxton Analytics公司所發(fā)明的新技術(shù)通過分析客人的鞋子來收集他們的個人信息，故選A。14According to the author, cameras in modern cities _.Acause a huge waste of public spacesBhelp reduce the size of population in urban areasCare likely to help improve traffic conditionsDare to avoid crimes and disasters and provide efficient services答案與解析：D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Their purpose is to keep people safe, provide efficient services and prevent disasters and crimes”可知，作者認(rèn)為攝像頭在現(xiàn)代城市應(yīng)用是為了避免犯罪、災(zāi)難并提供有效服務(wù)，故選D。15What is Renate Samsons attitude toward the rise of smart cities?AWorried. BOptimistic.CConfused. DUninterested.答案與解析：A考查觀點態(tài)度。根據(jù)第四段第一句“But some are not happy with the cameras as far as their privacy (隱私) is concerned”可推知，Renate Samson對于智能城市的增加是很擔(dān)憂的，這與本段最后一句“Very few of us have any real concept of what data smart cities are gathering， said Renate Samson”呼應(yīng)，故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。2019合肥市質(zhì)量檢測Art is for everyone and it exists everywhere. When it comes to appreciating an art painting, there is no right or wrong way. _1_Know the artist. To know the artist is the first step towards appreciating any art painting. _2_ Once you get familiar with the paintings from a particular artist, you will start relating to their unique style._3_ This is really tough. There are different styles and types of art mediums, realism, surrealism, and impressionism, to name but a few. So for beginners, its advisable to keep things simple. Try to understand if the art you see is a watercolour, oil painting or acrylic (丙烯畫) or sketch (速寫) on paper. You also need to figure out the styles of the work figurative (形象的) or abstract.Try and find a meaning. To read between lines and colors and understand what the artist means can be very difficult. _4_ So heres a simple guide. Figurative paintings are easy because they are an honest description of emotions on the canvas (油畫布). Still, it doesnt mean your understanding is the same as the artists. Abstracts attempt to create magic with shapes, lines and colors and their meaning is different for everyone who sees them.Search for Emotions. Not every work of art will catch your eyes or emotions at first sight. _5_ Explore the art work with your eyes.Once you are aware of these things, you will be able to break the ice of art.ADiscover your taste and styles.BKnow the type of art and medium used.CSome of these art works will take time to reach you.DYou just might find that art changes the way you see the world.ELearning something about the artist adds to the appreciation of art.FA simple art painting might be understood otherwise for different people.GThe following ideas may help you join in the conversation between you and the artist.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了更好地和藝術(shù)家交流的方法和建議。1答案與解析：G根據(jù)空處位置可知，空處起承上啟下的作用；根據(jù)下文各段的主題句可知，下文敘述了跟藝術(shù)家交流的方式和建議；結(jié)合文章最后一句“Once you are aware of these things, you will be able to break the ice with art”可以判斷，該處說明下述方法將有助于讀者和藝術(shù)家交流。G項符合語境。2答案與解析：E根據(jù)該段主題句“Know the artist”可知，該段主要陳述要“了解藝術(shù)家”；結(jié)合空處前一句“To know the artist is the first step towards appreciating any art painting”可知，了解藝術(shù)家是欣賞任何藝術(shù)作品的第一步；據(jù)此可以判斷，空處應(yīng)指了解藝術(shù)家對欣賞作品的作用。E項符合語境。3答案與解析：B根據(jù)該空位置可知，該句為本段的主題句；由空后的“This is really tough. There are different styles and types of art mediums, realism, surrealism, and impressionism, to name but a few”可知，藝術(shù)形式有不同的風(fēng)格和類型，現(xiàn)實主義和超現(xiàn)實主義，還有印象派等。據(jù)此可知，該段主要論述要了解藝術(shù)的種類和所使用的藝術(shù)形式，故B項符合語境。4答案與解析：F根據(jù)空前一句“To read between lines and colors and understand what the artist means can be very difficult”可知，讀懂線條和顏色，理解藝術(shù)家的意思是非常困難的。F項指出不同的人對一幅簡單的畫有不同的理解與上文銜接緊密且與下文邏輯一致，故選F。5答案與解析：C根據(jù)空前一句“Not ever