高考完形分析及指導.ppt

解題思路與技巧,完形填空,Warming Up,1. Mr. Brown is a teacher; he works in the _. 2. KFC staff work not only in the day, but also during the _. 3. It is so urgent that he has _ time to explain more. 4. Linda _ and fell down the stairs because the floor was wet. 5. Time is very valuable. We must _ our time.,school,night,no,slipped,value cherish,Mind you:做完形填空時要注意,支撐每小題的正確答案的信息都是充分的，并且一定可以在短文中找到具體的信息點。 Find out enough information to support your choice!,Cloze test in the test paper:,The purpose of writing the article:,describe an experience about an_ Christmas when her father was ill.,The author wants to express her _that laughter in her family gave her memories to hold them together during harder (tougher) times.,The main idea of this article:,thanks,unforgettable and happy,主要錯誤分析：21，23，29，33，35,Im especially thankful that I was raised in a family where shared laughter gave us memories to hold us together during tougher times. One of my _21_ Christmas memories was also one of our families bleakest.(最令人沮喪的） 21.A. fondest B. worst C. last D. first,We were just kids, and my mom _ us around to tell us, through_23_, that this year, there wouldnt be any presents because all we really _ was for our dad to get better. A. Surprise B. silence C. doubt D. tears,gathered,wanted,_29_behind him was a group of soldiers from the Army base where my father _as a minster.,Worked,=was,分析：本句子結(jié)構(gòu)為倒裝句，還原為a group of soldiers from the Army base was -29- behind him.,A. Waiting B. Beginning C. Inviting D. Following,even my dad, wrapped (裹) in a blanket to keep warm, came down and sat in front of a roaring fire in our room to watch his -33- be entertained by good Samaritans.,圣誕節(jié)，作為父親最在意的是孩子的感受。,A. friends B. colleagues C. children D. relatives,What is -35-to me is that I dont even remember what sickness my father was _ from. I just remember an evening of laughter and _, where there had been sadness and fear only moments before. 35. A .interesting B. proud C. cruel D. strange,suffering,happiness,竟然記不得父親得了什么病，作者感到奇怪。,Four methods(四種常用的方法)：,1、context 上下文語境 2、word distinctions or collocations 詞語辨析和固定搭配 3、information given in the passage 利用文章中的信息（原詞復現(xiàn)、近義詞和反義詞等） 4、cultural background and common sense 文化背景和常識,Conclusion:結(jié)論,例 His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although his family often 43 about that, Ed refused to buy a 44 T-shirt or to lose weight. 43. A. cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked 44. A. clean B. straight C. larger D. darker,1) 根據(jù)上下文語境來確定最佳選項 近年來的完形填空試題在選項的設置上越來越淡化語法結(jié)構(gòu)，重在文意的干擾，即把具體的語言知識溶進具體的語言情景中去，考查考生通過上下文的前后提示或暗示，對整體文意進行把握的能力。這種考查方式所占的比例較大。,例1the mother was holding their baby daughter, Ally. The little girl had some food stuck in her throat, and could hardly breathe. Mr. White drove them to the 2 hospital. The ambulance was running very fast along the road. 2. A. best B. biggest C. nearest D. Childrens,例2 But we ran so fast that, afterwards, we had trouble _. A. speaking B. sleeping C. breathing D. moving,2) 根據(jù)生活常識及文化背景知識進行邏輯推理,The other day I was sitting in a small restaurant 1(having) a quiet drink and a talk with a few friends when it suddenly 2 me that almost everyone in the restaurant was smoking. It wasnt long 3 the whole room was filled with smoke. 2. A. seemed B. struck C. sank D. showed 3. A. ago B. after C. before D. now,例,3) 根據(jù)詞語的習慣用法和固定句型結(jié)構(gòu)等來選擇答案。,例1 When the papers were _, she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test. A. examined B. completed C. marked D. answered,例2：She noticed how nervous he was and suggested he should stand near the stage where he could watch and follow the play. It was a good 1 of getting rid of his nervousness, she said. She was right, it seemed to 2 . A. idea B. way C. path D. plan A. do B. win C. work D. act,4) 根據(jù)詞匯的意義及用法辨析從而確定答案 要做好這種題目，必須盡量將詞語辨析與情節(jié)推理和邏輯推理結(jié)合起來，從詞匯意義入手，抓住情節(jié)線索解決問題。,例 I played a racquetball game against my cousin Ed last week. It was one of the most surprising and tiring games Ive ever had. When Ed first phoned and _ we play, I laughed quietly, figuring on an easy victory. A. declared B. mentioned C. persuaded D. suggested 5) 利用語法分析解題 完形填空題中也有考查語法知識的題目。對于他們，不僅要理解上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，更要有針對性地對語法結(jié)構(gòu)、句式特點進行分析思考，從而迅速解決問題。,6) 根據(jù)邏輯推理解題,例1 When Alice started to cycle home from Jennys house, she wasnt nervous. She was certainly not afraid of the dark. _, it was only a 15-minute ride home. A. However B. Besides C. Therefore D. Otherwise,例2 It was taking up a great deal of my time, and the headmaster of my school gave me a choice ; stay in school 47 leave to work on my magazine. 47. A. besides B. but C. and D. or,例1 The strange thing was that practically all the students went to class, and very few people stayed up late at night. Only the new people stayed up or _ class. A. attended B. took C. missed D. studied,例2 How does a tooth go bad? The 51 begins in a little crack in the enamel(琺瑯）covering of the tooth. This happens after germs and bits of food have collected there. Then the decay slowly spreads inside the tooth. In the end, poison goes into blood, and we may feel quite ill. 51. A. destruction B. decay C. fault D. hurt,7) 利用詞匯的復現(xiàn)解題 許多詞匯在上下文中以不同形式反復出現(xiàn)，如： (1) 同一詞上下文復現(xiàn)：很多正確選項常是上文或下文中出現(xiàn)的詞。 (2) 同義詞復現(xiàn)：如and連