2013中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)盤(pán)點(diǎn)第10講非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞ppt--33張.pptVIP

第 10 講,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,to listen,watching,going,having,一、用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1Our parents tell us _ (listen) carefully in class. 2 I prefer_ (watch) TV at home to _ (go),out on such a rainy day.,opening,not to hang,3How about_ (have) a party this weekend? 4Would you mind_ (open) the door for me? 5We have decided_ (not hang) out after school.,二、完成句子，每空一詞,to,finish,1It took me two hours_ _ (完成) my math,homework last night.,to,learn,how,to,drive,2 It is difficult _ _ _ _,_ (學(xué)習(xí)如何開(kāi)車(chē)),in,doing,3They have many difficulties _ _ (做) the,hard job.,what,to,do,4We dont know_ _ _ (該干什么),next.,stopped,crying,5 The little boy _ _ ( 停止哭泣) and laughed again.,20102012 年廣東省卷考點(diǎn)一覽表,動(dòng)詞不定式在句中的作用,1作賓語(yǔ),(1)常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：want, hope, wish, plan,decide, learn, agree, try 等。如：,I want to play basketball this weekend. 這個(gè)周末我想打籃球。,The boy decided to get up early the next day. 男孩決定第二天早點(diǎn)起床。,后接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞：,三個(gè)希望兩答應(yīng)(hope, wish, want, agree, promise)， 一個(gè)要求莫拒絕(demand, refuse)，,設(shè)法學(xué)會(huì)做決定(manage, learn, decide)， 不要假裝在選擇(pretend, choose)。,(2)在常用句型“find/thinkitadj.to do sth.”中，it 作 形式賓語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式作真正的賓語(yǔ)，放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(adj.)后 面。如：,I find it great to walk along such a beautiful river. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)沿著這么漂亮的河邊散步真是太棒了。,2作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),在復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中，動(dòng)詞不定式可充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。常接動(dòng)詞 不 定 式 作 賓 語(yǔ) 補(bǔ) 足 語(yǔ) 的 動(dòng) 詞 有 ： want, wish, tell, ask, teach, encourage, invite, allow, urge 等。如：,My mother wants me to be a teacher. 我媽媽想讓我成為一名教師。,She asked the students to say something. 她讓學(xué)生們說(shuō)一說(shuō)。,3作狀語(yǔ),They stay there to wait for the latest news.,他們待在那里等待最新的消息。(作目的狀語(yǔ)),They are too tired to walk.,他們太累了以至于走不動(dòng)了。(作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)) 4作表語(yǔ),Her work is to teach English.她的工作是教英語(yǔ)。,5.作定語(yǔ)(不定式必須放在被修飾的名詞或代詞之后),They have no house to live in.他們無(wú)房子可住。,6.作主語(yǔ)(常用 it 作形式主語(yǔ)，而往往將動(dòng)詞不定式后置),It takes us hours to do our homework every day.,我們每天要花上數(shù)小時(shí)做家庭作業(yè)。,Its not easy to learn a foreign language well.,學(xué)好一門(mén)外語(yǔ)不容易。,動(dòng)詞不定式基本用法：,不定式有標(biāo)記，to 與動(dòng)原連一起； 沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)數(shù)變化，動(dòng)詞特點(diǎn)它具備； 主賓定補(bǔ)表狀語(yǔ)，唯獨(dú)作謂不可以； Not 加上不定式，否定結(jié)構(gòu)要牢記； 疑問(wèn)詞與不定式，構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)有意義； 仔細(xì)推敲多思考，準(zhǔn)確判斷有依據(jù)。,常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞不定式的省略形式,1作 make (使得)/let (讓?zhuān)试S)/have (請(qǐng)) 的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),的動(dòng)詞不定式常省略 to。如：,The funny child made everyone laugh. 這個(gè)有趣的孩子讓每個(gè)人都笑了。,注意：當(dāng)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，省略的 to 要加上。如：,Everyone was made to laugh by the funny child. 每個(gè)人都被這個(gè)有趣的孩子逗笑了。,2感觀動(dòng)詞“see/watch/notice/hearsb.do”強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的,過(guò)程或經(jīng)常性。如：,All of us heard her sing.我們?nèi)悸?tīng)到了她唱歌。,3had better (not) do sth.意為“最好(不要)做某事”，是固,定搭配。,4Why not do. ？Why dont you do. ？意為“為何不,做”，用于提出建議。,5would rather do.than do. 意 為 “ 寧 愿 做 而 不 愿,做”。,疑問(wèn)詞不定式,有些動(dòng)詞，如 ask, know, learn, decide, tell, show, teach 等， 后面可接“疑問(wèn)代詞或副詞不定式”作賓語(yǔ)。不定式可以和 疑 問(wèn)代 詞(who, whom, whose, what, which) 或 疑問(wèn) 副詞 (when, where, how, why)連用構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ)。如： I dont know where to go.我不知道去哪兒。 He asked how to do it.他問(wèn)怎么做。,后接“疑問(wèn)詞to do”作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞： 學(xué)會(huì)忘記有難處(learn, forget)，,想知道就別來(lái)勸告(wonder, know, advise)， 展開(kāi)討論教人對(duì)付(show, discuss, teach)， 弄清楚才決定告訴(find out, decide, tell)。,(,)1.(2012 年廣東)It took me two weeks _,reading the novels written by Guo Jingming. Afinish Bto finish Cfinishes DFinishing,B,It takes sb. 時(shí)間to do sth. 花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間做某,事，是固定搭配，故選 B。,(,)2.(2012 年廣東廣州)I asked her_the bag,because it was too expensive. A.not to buy B.to buy not C.not buying D.not buy A 題意：我要她不要買(mǎi)這個(gè)包，因?yàn)樘F了。ask sb.to do sth.請(qǐng)求某人做某事，其否定形式為 ask sb.not to do sth.，故選 A。,)3.(2012 年廣東深圳)What are the _ doing,( there?,They,are,busy,_,their,science,Aboys students; to do Bboy students; to do Cboys students; doing Dboy students; doing D 用一個(gè)名詞來(lái)作另一個(gè)名詞的定語(yǔ)時(shí)，其復(fù)數(shù)形式通 常只需將后一個(gè)名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)(用 man, woman 作定語(yǔ)時(shí)需要兩 個(gè)都變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù))；be busy (in) doing sth.忙于做某事。 故選 D。,experiment.,(,)4.(2012 年廣東深圳)Its time for dinner, Linda.Lets,out this evening. Nice.But I prefer Chinese food _ western food.,Aeat; to Ceat; than,Bto eat; than Dto eat; to,A let 后加省略 to 的不定式，即動(dòng)詞原形；prefer A to B 比起 B 來(lái)更喜歡 A。,(,)5.(2012 年廣東深圳)Would you like _ the,Wutong Mountain tomorrow? If my mother _, I will go with you. Aclimbing; will allow Bclimbing; allows Cto climb; allows Dto climb; will allow,C,題意：“你明天愿意去爬梧桐山嗎？”“如果我媽媽,同意，我就跟你去?！眞ould like to do sth.愿意做某事，是固定 搭配?！癐f my mother.”是一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表 將來(lái)，故選 C。,(,)6.(2012 年廣東湛江)Its going to rain.Remember,_ an umbrella All right, Mom. Ataking Cto take,when you go to school. Bbringing Dto bring,C remember to do sth.記住要做某事，remember doing sth. 記得做過(guò)某事，根據(jù)題意可知事情“未做”，故可以排除 A、 B 兩項(xiàng)。take 意為“帶走”，bring 意為“帶來(lái)”，故選 C。,(,)7.(2012 年廣東肇慶)Our teacher always tells us,_ time playing computer games.,Anot to waste,Bnot waste,Cdont waste,A tell sb.(not) to do sth.告訴某人(不要)做某事。,(,)8.(2012 年廣東肇慶)How do you feel when you,watch the national flag go up? It makes me _ very proud.,Afeel,Bfelt,Cto feel,A,make 的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中用省略 to 的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足,語(yǔ)，即 make sb.do sth.(使某人做某事)。,(,)9.(2012 年廣東茂名)Can you see the girl _,outside the classroom? She is Miss Lis daughter. Astands Bstanding CStand B 題意：你看到站在教室外的那個(gè)女孩了嗎？她是李 老師的女兒。句中已有謂語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)形式，standing 作后 置定語(yǔ)，表示 stand 這個(gè)動(dòng)作是由主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的。,(,)10.(2012 年廣東梅州)Its too hot.Would you mind,my _ the window? _.Do it as you like, please. A.to open; OK B.opening; Certainly not C.opening; Of course D.open; Good idea B mind sb.(s) doing sth.介意某人做某事；且根據(jù)答語(yǔ)可知 是不介意，故可用 certainly not (當(dāng)然不)來(lái)回答。,(,)11.(2012 年廣東梅州)If anyone ever asks her how old,she is, she always answers, “My dear, it must be terrible _！”,A.grown up C.be grown up,B.being grown up D.to be grown up,D itsadj.to do sth.做某事怎么樣；be grown up 長(zhǎng)大 成人。,(,)12.(2011 年廣東)Try to sing more English songs, you,will find it interesting _ a foreign language.,Alearning Clearn,Blearns Dto learn,D 根據(jù)句型“finditadj.to do sth.”可知選 D。,(,)13.(2011 年廣東廣州)I feel a bit hungry now. Why not _ for dinner with us?,A.go C.to go,B.did you go D.do you go,A “Why not do sth.？”是表示提建議的常用句型。,(,)14.(2011 年廣東深圳)Do you often go swimming,Sunday mornings? Yes.Why not _ with me this Sunday?,A.on; go C.on; going,B.in; to go D.in; going,A,表示在具體某一天的上午要用介詞 on; why not do sth.,意為“為什么不做某事”。,(,)15.(2011 年廣東深圳)The doctor told me _,too much, but I find it difficult. The doctor is right.The less you drink, _ you will be. A.dont drink; the healthier B.not to drink; the healthier C.not to drink; the more healthier D.dont drink; healthier,B,tell sb.not to do sth. 告訴某人不要做某事；“the 比較,級(jí)，the比較級(jí)”表示“越就越”，healthy 的比較級(jí) 是 healthier，前面不能用 more 修飾。故選 B。,(,)16.(2011 年廣東佛山)After the earthquake hit Japan,many international organizations offered _.,A.to helping,B.to help,C.Helping,B offer to do sth.主動(dòng)提出做某事。,(,)17.(2011 年廣東肇慶)The assistant wont let you,_ the cinema if you havent a ticket.,A.enter,Bto enter,CEntering,A let sb.do sth.讓某人做某事。,(,)18.(2011 年廣東茂名)I often hear her _ this,song.Listen! Cant you hear her _ in the next room? A.sing; sing B.singing; singing C.sing; singing C hear sb.do sth.表示“聽(tīng)到某人做某事的全過(guò)程”或表 示經(jīng)常聽(tīng)到某人做某事，hear sb.doing sth.表示“聽(tīng)到某人正在 做某事”。,(,)19.(2010 年廣東)We can use QQ to chat with each,other on the Internet. Really? Will you please show me _ it?,A.how to use C.how can I use,B.what to use D.what can I use,A 賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序，排除 C、D；因已有賓語(yǔ) it， 故“疑問(wèn)詞不定式”中的疑問(wèn)詞要用 how 而不用 what。故選 A。,(,)20.(2010 年廣東廣州)The teacher told the students,_ any food into the computer room.,A.not to bring C.dont bring,B.not bring D.bring not,A,動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式是直接在前面加 not 。tell,sb.not to do sth.告訴某人不要做某事。,(,)21.(2010 年廣東深圳)The weather report says there,is going to _ a typhoon tonight. So we had better _ out