中考英語(yǔ)命題研究第三部分中考題型攻略篇題型二單項(xiàng)選擇習(xí)題.docx

題型二 單項(xiàng)選擇,河北中考五年命題規(guī)律及趨勢(shì)河北中考單項(xiàng)選擇的設(shè)題形式全部為單句，無(wú)對(duì)話形式。考點(diǎn)設(shè)置如下：一、必考點(diǎn)：冠詞、代詞、名詞詞義辨析、介詞、連詞、形容詞及副詞比較等級(jí)、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)(以take，get，put，turn，pick等短語(yǔ)為主)、動(dòng)詞不定式、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、時(shí)態(tài)(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)等)、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí))、賓語(yǔ)從句。二、輪考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞詞義辨析(實(shí)義動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞交替考查)、形容詞辨析、感嘆句、there be句型、how詞組、并列連詞。三、冷考點(diǎn)(出現(xiàn)過(guò)12次)：反身代詞、指示代詞、主謂一致。四、未考點(diǎn)：數(shù)詞、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的分詞和動(dòng)名詞、祈使句、疑問(wèn)句/詞、倒裝句、情景交際和圖識(shí)標(biāo)志。,解題方法與技巧近幾年來(lái)河北的單項(xiàng)選擇題減少了對(duì)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的考查，增加了對(duì)語(yǔ)境的考查，采取語(yǔ)義、語(yǔ)法相結(jié)合的方式，題目覆蓋面廣，靈活多樣，交際性強(qiáng)，體現(xiàn)了新課標(biāo)中提倡交流、強(qiáng)調(diào)運(yùn)用、鼓勵(lì)創(chuàng)新的理念。下面以常見(jiàn)的幾種解題技巧對(duì)此進(jìn)行講解剖析：方法一：理清句意選名詞( )(2015河北29題)Could you please take my picture？Here is my _.Aprinter BradioCplayer Dcamera【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：請(qǐng)你幫我拍張照片好嗎？這是我的_。printer“打印機(jī)”；radio“收音機(jī)”；player“播放機(jī)”；camera“照相機(jī)”。根據(jù)句意可知本題選D。方法二：瞻前顧后選代詞( )(2012河北27題)Dont worry about me.Im old enough to think for _.Ahimself BherselfCyourself Dmyself【解析】考查反身代詞的用法。句意為：不要擔(dān)心我，我足夠大了，能為_(kāi)考慮了。himself他自己；herself她自己；yourself你自己；myself我自己。根據(jù)句中主語(yǔ)I可判斷用myself與其對(duì)應(yīng)，故選D。,方法突破：最近幾年對(duì)名詞的考查，不在局限于名詞的語(yǔ)法，而重點(diǎn)考查名詞在句子中的具體運(yùn)用。因此理解句子的正確含義是做好此類題目的關(guān)鍵。在本題中，請(qǐng)對(duì)方幫助照相可知只能選相機(jī)。方法突破：在解答代詞題目中，首先要明確代詞所指代的對(duì)象，從而避免誤判，具體來(lái)說(shuō)應(yīng)從以下幾方面考慮：(1)代詞指代人還是物；(2)代詞指代的是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞；(3)代詞指代的是兩者之間還是三者及三者以上；(4)代詞所表示的是肯定還是否定概念。做人稱代詞題時(shí)，先瀏覽題目，找出句中提到的人稱，如本題中前半句提到人稱I(我，單數(shù))，然后判斷所填詞的成分，根據(jù)答題線前后的詞匯做出相應(yīng)的選擇，如本題主語(yǔ)是I，故填與此對(duì)應(yīng)的反身代詞形式myself。另外，考生平時(shí)應(yīng)注意積累一些“動(dòng)詞反身代詞”的固定搭配。如：enjoy oneself(玩得開(kāi)心)，teach oneself(自學(xué))，help oneself(自取所需)等。方法三：與時(shí)推移定時(shí)態(tài)( )(2015河北32題)Paula is pleased that she _ her lost watch.Afinds BfoundChas found Dwill find【解析】考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法。句意：Paula是高興的，她_她丟失的手表。找到手表是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事，高興是現(xiàn)在的事。表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選C。方法四：辨清動(dòng)賓論語(yǔ)態(tài)( )(2015河北38題)Everybody _ deeply after they heard the story.Amoves BmovedCis moved Dwas moved【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法。句意：在他們聽(tīng)到這個(gè)故事后，大家都被深深感動(dòng)了。根據(jù)句意可知everybody是動(dòng)作的承受者。因此用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，又因?yàn)閔eard為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故選D。方法五：分清主從抓關(guān)鍵( )(2014河北45題)I have some tickets for the basketball match.I wonder _.Awhere you buy the ticketsBwhy you like to go thereCif youd like to come alongDwhen you watch the match【解析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句的用法。句意為：我有一些籃球賽的門票。我想知道_。where you buy the tickets你從哪里買票，時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)該為一般過(guò)去時(shí)；why you like to go there為什么你喜歡去那里，與語(yǔ)境不匹配；if youd like to come along你是否愿意一起去，引導(dǎo)詞、時(shí)態(tài)及語(yǔ)序均正確，且符合語(yǔ)境；when you watch the match你何時(shí)看球賽，上文提到了有門票，可知已經(jīng)知道何時(shí)比賽了，故該句與語(yǔ)境不匹配，故選C。,方法突破：近幾年，河北對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)的考查主要是通過(guò)具體的語(yǔ)境判斷時(shí)態(tài)，而沒(méi)有明顯的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)?？忌枰鶕?jù)說(shuō)話人的語(yǔ)氣判斷出具體的時(shí)態(tài)，由語(yǔ)境可以推出動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間，進(jìn)而確定時(shí)態(tài)。如本題，Paula丟失手表是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事，現(xiàn)在找到了而高興，因此用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 方法突破：考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，試題主要是讓考生能夠找出謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或承受者，這就要根據(jù)句子的意思進(jìn)行判斷，然后根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選出時(shí)態(tài)，作出正確選擇。語(yǔ)態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)合是河北每年的必考點(diǎn)。對(duì)語(yǔ)態(tài)的考查，關(guān)鍵是弄清主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系；時(shí)態(tài)的考查應(yīng)該根據(jù)語(yǔ)境或前后句的聯(lián)系，如本題，后句中的heard為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故前句也應(yīng)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 方法突破：主從句的辨析關(guān)鍵看引導(dǎo)詞或連詞，引導(dǎo)詞或連詞后面的句子是從句，前面的句子是主句。其中，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，從句可以放在主句前。在該題中，I wonder為主句，其后引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句根據(jù)語(yǔ)境判斷。,河北2016考點(diǎn)精練( A )1.(2016寧夏中考)Hello，Mike!Sorry，_I dont think I know you.Abut Bor C.yet Dand( D )2.(2016連云港中考)What film do you like best?The Martian.It_shows a lot of imagination_has a sense of humor.Atooto BneithernorCeitheror D.not onlybut also( B )3.(2016恩施州中考)_his partner_he has been to Paris，so they know Paris well.ANeither; norB.Not only; but alsoCEither; or DBoth；and( A )4.(2016云南中考)The boss was very rich，_it didnt make him happy because he was always worried about losing his money.Abut B.andCor D.although( D )5.(2016黃岡中考)My parents are crazy about Running Man.How about your parents?_ my dad_ my mom likes it，But they prefer Ode to Joy(歡樂(lè)頌)ANot only；but alsoB.Both；andCEither；or DNeither；nor( B )6.(2016陜西中考)The dress is really beautiful，_it is too small for me.Aor B.but C.so D.and( B )7.(2016安順中考)Smile at the world，_the world will smile back to you.Abut Band Cor Dthough( B )8.(2016長(zhǎng)春中考)The students of Grade 9 in Changchun have to take part in the PE.test from 2016.Yes，_ you want to pass it and be stronger，practice more.Auntil B.ifCunless D.or( A )9.(2016昆明中考)It is difficult to remember and write Chinese traditional characters(繁體字)，_they are a great part of Chinese culture.We should keep them.Abut B.and Cor DUntil( A )10.(2016青島中考)Rules are helpful to us，_we have to follow them.Aso Bbut C.or D.because( A )11.(2016天津中考)My family always go somewhere interesting_the holiday begins.Aas soon as Bso C so that Deven though( A )12.(2016綿陽(yáng)中考)How do you like the concert given by EXO?Exciting，_one piece of the music wasnt played quite well.Athough B.becauseC.so D.and( C )13.(2016河南中考)A stupid man tells a woman to shut up，while a wise man tells her that her mouth is quite beautiful_it is closed.Aunless B.sinceCwhen D.though( A )14.(2016北京中考)_I got home，my sister was doing her homework.AWhen BBecauseCIf D.Though( B )15.(2016重慶中考)Chen Wei isnt at school today _ he is taking a robot competition in Shanghai.Aso BbecauseCbefore D.if( C )16.(2016濟(jì)寧中考)We have been expecting Rio 2016 Olympics_the Olympic flame(圣火) was lit.Aif B.unlessCsince D.though( C )17.(2016蘇州中考)To make your DIY work perfect，youd better not start _you get all the tools ready.Awhen B.whileCbefore D.after( D )18.(2016大慶中考)Daming hasnt done much exercise_he got his computer.Awhen B.ifCthough D.since