英語圖表類作文.ppt

圖表類作文,圖表題的五種類型,Note:圖表題和議論文最根本的差異就是圖表題是客觀性寫作而議論文是主觀性寫作。,常用動詞詞匯： 上升：increase， rise ，grow, soar,shoot up e.g: the number of population increased/ ascended/ mounted to(by) 下降： decrease ，fall ，drop ，descend ，decline ，reduce ，plunge e.g: the number of population decreased /declined to(by) 平穩(wěn)：remain stable ，steady，gradual,stay/remain/maintain/keep/be the same e.g: the number of population mounted and leveled off at 7 million the number of population stayed stable at 5 million 波動：fluctuate ，rise and falls up and down e.g:the number of population fluctuated between 2 and 10 million 最高點：reach the peak, reach the highest point, reach the zenith e.g: the number of population reached the peak at 8 million 最低點：reach the bottom e.g: After decreasing, the number of population bottomed out at 4 million. 占據(jù)：occupy， take up ，account for 表復(fù)蘇：recover, bounce back e.g:the number of population recovered from 2 million,常用形容詞和副詞變化程度 abrupt(ly),sudden(ly),dramatic(ally),drastic(ally),sharp(ly) quick(ly),rapid(ly),marked(ly),significant(ly) considerable(considerably),substantial(ly),moderate(ly) gradual(ly),slight(ly),enormous(ly), vast(ly),圖表時間的表達： 1.in + 月/年 2.between and 3. from to 4. over the period fromto 5. in the year between and 6.in the 3 years spanning from 2001 through 2004 7.for the first 3 months 8.for/during/over the next/ following 6 months 9.for/during/over/in the of 4 months 10.for/during/over/in a 4-month period 11.over/for/during the same period 12.from then on/ from this time/ point onwards/since then 13.by the year of 14. after/before+年/月,一、如何描述數(shù)據(jù)的上升或下降 一般來說，有兩種句式表達數(shù)據(jù)的上升或下降。 描述對象+表示增長或減少的動詞+程度副詞+數(shù)據(jù)+時間點 There was a + 表示程度的形容詞+表示增長或減少的名詞+數(shù)據(jù)+時間點 Example: The birth rate in China increased steadily from about 10 percent in 1920 to just over 15 percent in 1935, followed by a sharp decline to nearly 5 percent in 1940. There was a steady increase in the birth rate in China from about 10 percent in 1920 to just over 15 percent in 1935,followed by a sharp decline to nearly 5 percent in 1940.,句子演練： 1.根據(jù)圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)，教師的人數(shù)從1960年的500萬急劇下滑到1962年300萬。 a. According to the figure, there was a sharp decrease in the number of teachers from five million in 1960 to three million in 1962. b. According to the figure, the number of teachers decreased dramatically from five million in 1960 to (no more than) three million in 1962. 2. 1979年之后，牛肉和羊肉的消費狀況分別急劇下降到大約100和55斤。 a. After 1979,the consumption of beef and lamb fell dramatically to approximately 100 and 55 grams respectively. b. After 1979, there was a dramatic decline in the consumption of beef and lamb to approximately 100 and 55 grams respectively.,二、如何描述數(shù)據(jù)變化的總體趨勢 a. 描述對象+shoed a/an upward/downward trend +from+具體數(shù)據(jù)+時間點+to+具體數(shù)據(jù)+時間點 b.描述對象+experienced a fall/rise + between +具體數(shù)據(jù)+時間點+and+具體數(shù)據(jù)+時間點 Example: As can be seen from the line graph, the consumption of hamburgers showed an upward trend from about 90 grams in 1970 to nearly 550 grams in 1990. By comparison, the consumption of fish and chips experienced a steady fall between just over 300 grams in the 1970 and 200 grams in 1985, followed by a slight increase to approximately 230 grams in 1990.,句子演練： 1.離婚的數(shù)量呈下降的趨勢，從1990年的140萬下降到2000年的100萬。 a. The number of divorces experienced a downward trend from 1.4 millions in 1990 to 1 million in 2000. b. The number of divorces experienced a fall between 1.4 millions in 1990 and 1 million in 2000.,三、如何排序 表示總量第一或占比例第一+at +具體的數(shù)據(jù)+followed by 排名第二的對象+表示占比例的詞或詞組+具體數(shù)據(jù) 表示總量第一或占比例第一+at+具體數(shù)據(jù), while 排名第二的對象+表示占比例的詞或詞組+具體數(shù)據(jù) Example: It is clear from the pie chart that individuals should take the largest proportion of the costs of each course, at 40%, followed by the employers, accounting for 35 %. Besides, the taxpayers constituted 25%. However, peoples preference in 1995 changed a lot. It is surprising that 27% of them started to play computer games, while 11% stopped talking with their family.,描述排序會用到的詞或詞組 表示排名第一的方式： Be on the top of the list Take the first place Rank the first 表示占據(jù)比例的詞： Account for, constitute, take up 表示比例的詞： Percentage, proportion, share,四、如何表示比例 . was 20 % of . was one fifth of. was 20 % as many/ much as increased/ fell by Example: The electricity produced from hydropower in Norway was 108.7 billion kw/h, which was almost 99% of the total in this country. However, in 2000, the proportion of marriage fell by approximately 11%, while that of those who were never married rose by nearly 5 %.,五、如何表示對比 By contrast, / By comparison Compared with sth,. while A similar pattern was repeated for A sharp contrast was illustrated in On the contrary, Contrary to.,句子演練： 1.從圖表中可見，受到雇傭者支持的26歲以下的人所占比例最大，大約為60%，而那些26至29歲的人居第二位，所占比例大約為50%。 As can be seen from chart, people under 26 received the largest proportion of support from the employers, at more than 60 %, while those who were 26 to 29 took the second place, at over 50%. 2.與披薩餅的消費情況相比，低收入人群似乎更喜歡漢堡包。 Compared with the consumption of pizza, people in low-income group seemed to enjoy more hamburgers.,開頭段：寫12句 改寫原題 增加單詞、刪除單詞和替換單詞,The table below shows the proportion of different categories of families living in poverty in Australia in 1999.Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.,替換單詞 show,describe/ illustrate/ demonstrate/ summarise/ outline/ indicate,proportion,percentage,categories,kinds/ types,families,households,families living in poverty,poor families,首段翻譯練習(xí)： 圖表中顯示了1992年從十月到十二月在英國年齡在4歲以上的電視觀眾的比例。 The graph shows (relates) the percentage of television audiences over 4 years old in the UK over the period from October to December in 1992. 2. 圖中數(shù)據(jù)表明了在2002年5個不同國家全國消費者開支的比例。 The figures provide information about the proportions of national consumer expenditure in five different countries in 2002.,3. 圖表中顯示了隨機抽取的五個國家在1982年的生活水平。 The table presents the standard of living in five selected countries in the year 1982. 4. 圖表中顯示了從1900至2000年世界范圍內(nèi)的用水總是的變化。 The graph describes the change in the amount of water used worldwide from 1900 to 2000. 5. 以上兩個表格通過對比高學(xué)歷與低學(xué)歷對失業(yè)機率的影響的差異，表明了教育背景對于就業(yè)的重要性。 The two tables indicate the essentiality of educational background to employment by comparing the distance on incidence of unemployment between the highly educated and the men with low education.,圖表引入數(shù)據(jù) with 引導(dǎo)數(shù)據(jù) Saturn is the second largest planet after Jupiter, with a diameter nearly ten times that of Earth. China is the worlds most populous country, with a population of more than 1.4 billion. 實戰(zhàn)演練： 擁有博士學(xué)位的人工資最高，但只占調(diào)查總?cè)藬?shù)的2.5%。,People/Employee in Doctor degree are highest-paid, with a percentage on 2.5 of the total.,分詞作狀語 1.The consumption of chicken showed an upward trend, exceeding/ overtaking/ outnumbering that of lamb in 1980. 2.Young populations had a high-than-average smoking rate, followed by the mid-aged.,實戰(zhàn)演練： 擁有博士學(xué)位的人工資最高，但只占調(diào)查總?cè)藬?shù)的2.5%。 People in Doctor degree are highest-paid, accounting for 2.5 % of the total.,括號的使用 With regard to government spending on education, there was a sharp reduction during the fied year-long period (223 million in 1989 versus 110 million in 1994). Couples generally tended to be better off, with lower poverty levels for couples without children (7%) than those with children (12%).,主體段： Several reasons, in my opinions, can be identified to account for this phenomenon. The reasons for this trend may involve Obviously, there are a number of reasons can be identified to explain this trend. As far as I am concerned, the fundamental reason for this trend is that It is evident that the causes of the present phenomenon are.,Several reasons, in my opinion, can be identified to account for this phenomenon. To begin with, compared with those with comparatively lower education degree, people who have received higher education possess considerably wider knowledge, more remarkable learning and research ability, greater innovation and most of all, resourceful social network, all of which are essential to a high-income work. Also, the higher ones education degree is the bigger platform he will have to show his ability. For example, his college, university, or research institute will organize various job fairs for them to communicate face to face with employers.,Peoples opinions about investment in education differ from person to person. Some people say that knowledge could no longer change destiny. To them, it is not only a waste of money, but also a waste of time. Others deem that education is worthy of investment. As for me it is no doubt that education offers favorable working opportunity and handsome income, which enable us to buy what we want ,please what we love, and fulfill what we dream, and correspondingly we are able to build an ideal paradise where life can be enjoyed to the uttermost.,Ample reasons can account for the issue of Education Pays，the following one might be the most critical .For the majority of young people, they have been always considering the education as a bothering thing to do or not a opportunity that can add color to the dull routine of every day life.So, they want to get a job as early as possible. But, as matter of fact, as the picture described, the people who have learned more earn more than others. And, in the picture, the ones who have the doctoral degree earn more XXXX than the ones who have only a degree as bachelor.,寫作常用同義詞替換 動詞 解決：,resolve, combat, tackle,破壞：,undermine, jeopardize, devastate,增進： improve,enhance,保護： protect,preserve,認(rèn)為：think, believe, hold, deem, maintain, argue, assert, declare, advocate, claim, be convinced that, insist, contend, state,買： buy,purchase,培養(yǎng)：cultivate, foster, nurture, boost, shape, form,develop,忽略：neglect, ignore,overlook,改變：change,alter, transform,豐富，擴大 enrich, expand, broaden, widen, deepen 引起，導(dǎo)致 cause, trigger, give rise to, bring about, result in, lead to, contribute to 惡化 worsen, deteriorate, aggravate 不同意 state the objection to, disapprove, vote against, be against 關(guān)注，首要任務(wù) pay attention to, give priority to, attach importance to, put in the first place, place stress in, give weight to 充滿 be filled with, be teemed with, be replete with 基于 based on, derived from,名詞 人類 優(yōu)點，好處 缺點，壞處 在當(dāng)代 觀點 名聲，名譽 老人 城市居民 年輕人 工作，職業(yè) 污染,the human race, humanity, man humank