鉆床主軸進(jìn)給機(jī)構(gòu)改造--變速機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)論文[帶圖紙].doc

鉆床主軸進(jìn)給機(jī)構(gòu)改造——變速機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)1編號(hào)無錫太湖學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）題目：鉆床主軸進(jìn)給機(jī)構(gòu)改造——變速機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)信機(jī)系機(jī)械工程及自動(dòng)化專業(yè)學(xué)號(hào)：學(xué)生姓名：指導(dǎo)教師：（職稱：副教授）（職稱：）2013年5月25日無錫太湖學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位論文2無錫太湖學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）誠信承諾書本人鄭重聲明：所呈交的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）鉆床主軸進(jìn)給機(jī)構(gòu)改造——變速機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)是本人在導(dǎo)師的指導(dǎo)下獨(dú)立進(jìn)行研究所取得的成果，其內(nèi)容除了在畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）中特別加以標(biāo)注引用，表示致謝的內(nèi)容外，本畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）不包含任何其他個(gè)人、集體已發(fā)表或撰寫的成果作品。班級(jí)：機(jī)械97學(xué)號(hào)：0923822作者姓名：2013年5月25日鉆床主軸進(jìn)給機(jī)構(gòu)改造——變速機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)3摘要隨著先進(jìn)制造技術(shù)的發(fā)展和進(jìn)步，數(shù)控加工已成為機(jī)加工過程中的一種主流技術(shù)。這一技術(shù)的運(yùn)用提高了機(jī)加工過程中工作效率和加工精度。數(shù)控多工位鉆床就是提高鉆削加工精度和效率的一種很好的機(jī)加工工具。本文對(duì)數(shù)控多工位鉆床進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)，采用了普通車床設(shè)計(jì)的步驟和方法，綜合考慮數(shù)控機(jī)床的特點(diǎn)。從切削力入手確定主軸及電機(jī)，到整個(gè)機(jī)床的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和機(jī)床的控制。最后到對(duì)機(jī)床初始化程序設(shè)計(jì)。本文完成數(shù)控多工位鉆床的資料收集與國、內(nèi)外現(xiàn)狀的調(diào)查比較，提出較為可行的方案；完成機(jī)床的機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算與電氣控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)，初步完成控制系統(tǒng)的軟硬件設(shè)計(jì)。本設(shè)計(jì)是關(guān)于將普通鉆床改造為多工位加工鉆床的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。普通鉆床為單軸機(jī)床，且工件安裝后需要進(jìn)行反復(fù)調(diào)整，工件上有相互位置要求的各表面間的位置精度就會(huì)受到很多因素的影響，通過設(shè)計(jì)改造成快速主軸、移動(dòng)工作臺(tái)和具有一定回轉(zhuǎn)精度的能實(shí)現(xiàn)多工位加工的鉆床后，能大大地縮短加工時(shí)間，提高生產(chǎn)效率。因此本設(shè)計(jì)主要從鉆床的主軸箱設(shè)計(jì)、移動(dòng)工作臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì)及工作臺(tái)的回轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)計(jì)幾個(gè)方面，對(duì)普通鉆床進(jìn)行一定的結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)，實(shí)現(xiàn)多工位加工，以符合現(xiàn)代機(jī)械加工的要求。關(guān)鍵詞：多工位鉆床；生產(chǎn)效率；主軸箱無錫太湖學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位論文4AbstractWiththemanufacturingdevelopment,numericalcontrolmanufacturinghasbecomeoneofthemajoradvancedtechnologies.efficiencyandaccuracyhasbeenimprovedinapplicationofthetechnology.Numericalcontrolauto-drillingmachineisakindofthenewmachinetoolsthatcanimprovethemachiningaccuracyandefficiency.ThepanerhasdesignedforNumericalcontrolauto-drillingmachine,usingdesignmethodoftheordinarylathe,andconsideringthecharacteristicofthenumericalcontrolmachinetoolssynthetically.cuttingforcehasbeencalculated,thestructuralandthecontrolsystemhasbeendesigned.Finally,thesoftwareroutinehasbeenexplored.Thispanerhasfinishedcompletedainvestigationofinternalandexternalofcurrentsituationfornumericalcontrolmultistage-drillingmachine,andcomparedit,putforwardafeasiblescheme；completedthemechanicalstructuraldesignancalculatedanddesignedtheelectriccontrolsystem,andfinishedthesoftwareandhardwareofthecontrolsystemtentatively.Thedesignisaboutreconstructingtheordinarydrilltocarryoutmultiplepositiondrill.Theordinarydrillisasingledrill.Themachiningaccuracyofthework-piecewillbeaffectedbythemount.Becausetheexactpositionofwork-piecewillbeaffectedbytheadjustment.Itwillpromoteitsproductiveefficiency,shortenitsprocessingtimethroughthedesignoftherapidspindle,movingandevolutionworktable.Hereby,thekeystoneofthisdesignpaperishowtodesigntherapidspindle,movingandevolutionworktable.Keywords:multipledrill；productiveefficiency；multiplespindleheads鉆床主軸進(jìn)給機(jī)構(gòu)改造——變速機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)5目錄摘要..............................................................................................................................3Abstract..........................................................................................................................4目錄...............................................................................................................................V1緒論............................................................................................................................81.1鉆床的工藝范圍...........................................................................................................81.2鉆床的類型....................................................................................................................81.2.1臺(tái)式鉆床................................................................................................81.2.2立式鉆床................................................................................................81.2.3搖臂鉆床................................................................................................91.3鉆削加工的特點(diǎn)...........................................................................................................91.3.1多軸加工的特點(diǎn)..................................................................................101.3.1多工位加工的特點(diǎn)..............................................................................101.4論文研究的內(nèi)容及意義...........................................................................................101.5本文所做的工作.........................................................................................................102機(jī)械傳動(dòng)方案確定..................................................................................................112.1設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容分析.............................................................................................................112.2機(jī)械傳動(dòng)方案的選擇.................................................................................................112.2.1總體傳動(dòng)方案選擇..............................................................................112.2.2總體傳動(dòng)方案確定..............................................................................123主軸傳動(dòng)部件設(shè)計(jì)..................................................................................................143.1切削力的計(jì)算.............................................................................................................143.1.1機(jī)床工況要求......................................................................................143.1.2切削力和切削扭矩的計(jì)算..................................................................143.2主軸齒輪傳動(dòng)方案確定...........................................................................................163.2.1設(shè)定齒輪傳動(dòng)方案..............................................................................163.2.2主軸傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)和計(jì)算..........................................................................174工作臺(tái)縱向進(jìn)給機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)..................................................................................254.1工作臺(tái)縱向進(jìn)給負(fù)載分析及計(jì)算.........................................................................254.1.1摩擦阻力計(jì)算......................................................................................254.1.2等效轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量計(jì)算..............................................................................254.1.3絲杠摩擦阻力矩的計(jì)算......................................................................264.1.4等效負(fù)載轉(zhuǎn)矩的計(jì)算..........................................................................264.1.5起動(dòng)慣性阻力矩的計(jì)算......................................................................264.1.6步進(jìn)電機(jī)輸出軸總的負(fù)載轉(zhuǎn)矩的計(jì)算..............................................264.2縱向進(jìn)給步進(jìn)電機(jī)選擇...........................................................................................26