輕型卡車離合器設(shè)計說明書[帶圖紙].doc

中文題目：重型載貨汽車啟動離合器及輔助系統(tǒng)設(shè)計外文題目：畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）共68頁（其中：外文文獻及譯文16頁）圖紙共4張完成日期2011年6月答辯日期2011年6月I摘要離合器是汽車傳動系中直接與發(fā)動機相連接的總成，其主要功用是切斷和實現(xiàn)對傳動系的動力傳遞，保證汽車起步時將發(fā)動機與傳動系平順地接合，確保汽車平穩(wěn)起步；在換擋時將發(fā)動機與傳動系分離，減少變速器中換擋齒輪之間的沖擊；在工作中受到大的動載荷時，能限制傳動系所承受的最大轉(zhuǎn)矩，防止傳動系各零件因過載而損壞；有效地降低傳動系中的振動和噪聲。本文基于重型載貨汽車的設(shè)計要求和設(shè)計參數(shù)，確定了以拉式膜片彈簧離合器作為設(shè)計目標。膜片彈簧離合器是近年來在汽車上廣泛采用的一種離合器，它的轉(zhuǎn)矩容量大而且較穩(wěn)定，操作輕便，平衡性好，也能大量生產(chǎn)，對于它的研究已經(jīng)變得越來越重要。此設(shè)計說明書詳細的說明了重型載貨汽車膜片彈簧離合器的結(jié)構(gòu)形式，參數(shù)選擇以及計算過程。本次設(shè)計根據(jù)車型的類別、使用要求、制造條件以及“三化”（即系列化、通用化、標準化）要求等，選擇了結(jié)構(gòu)方案及有關(guān)參數(shù)，進行了總成設(shè)計，并對其一些零件進行了校核：包括摩擦片外徑的確定，離合器后備系數(shù)的確定，單位壓力的確定，從動盤設(shè)計，壓盤設(shè)計，膜片彈簧設(shè)計等，為以后從事汽車技術(shù)工作打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。不僅如此，本次設(shè)計借鑒了相關(guān)的資料，采用了相關(guān)的標準，充分吸收了前人寶貴的經(jīng)驗。關(guān)鍵詞：重型載貨汽車；離合器；膜片彈簧；從動盤；設(shè)計IIAbstractClutchistheassemblywhichisdirectlyconnectedwithengineintheautomobilepowertrain.Anditsmainfunctionistocutoffandimplementthetransmissionofpowerinthepowertrain.Itensurestheengineandthepowertrainperfectlysmoothjointogetherwhentheautomobileisstartingupandinsurestheautomobilestartedupsmooth.Theclutchdisconnectstheengineandthepowertrainwhentheautomobilestagechangeover.Itreducestheimpactbetweentheshiftgearsofthetransmission.Whenthetransmissionworkedonthegreatdynamicload,theclutchcanlimitthebreakdowntorqueofthepowertraininordertopreventtheaccessoryofthepowertrainthatisdamagedduetooverload.Italsocaneffectivelyreducethevibrationandnoiseofthepowertrain.Thisarticleisbasedonthedesignrequirementsandthedesignparametersofthelighttruck,itisidentifiedwiththepull-typediaphragmspringclutchasthedesigngoal.Inrecentyears,diaphragmspringclutchisakindofclutchthatwaswidelyadoptedinsalooncarsandlightvehicles.Ithasgreatcapacityoftorqueandmorestable.Meanwhileitmanipulateconvenientlyandhasgoodbalance.AndItalsohashighoutput.Sotheresearchoftheclutchisbecomemoreandmoreimportant.Thisdesignmanualelaboratedontheconstructionform,theparameterschooseandprocessofcalculateofthelighttrucks.Accordingtothevehiclecategory,theoperationrequirements,themanufactureconditionaswellas"three"(thatisseriation,universalizationandstandardization)requirements,andsoon,thisdesignchoosethestructureschemeandrelevantparameters.Meanwhilethisdesigncompleteassemblydesignandcheckingforsomeofitsparts.Theyincludethedeterminationoffrictionplatediameter,thedeterminationofbackupcoefficient,thedeterminationoftheunitpressure,thedesignofdrivenplat,thedesignofpressureplateanddiaphragm,etc.Thisdesigncanlayagoodfoundationforengaginginvehicletechnologyworkinthefuture.Inaddition,thisdesignprofitfromtherelatedmaterial,andusetherelatedstandard,andfullyabsorbpredecessors'valuableexperience.Keywords:I目錄1緒論.....................................................................................................................11.1引言.................................................................................................................11.2汽車離合器結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展.................................................................................11.3離合器概述.....................................................................................................31.3.1離合器的功用..............................................................................................41.3.2汽車離合器設(shè)計的基本要求......................................................................41.3.3離合器工作原理..........................................................................................52離合器的結(jié)構(gòu)方案分析....................................................................................72.1離合器設(shè)計所需數(shù)據(jù).....................................................................................72.2結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計.........................................................................................................72.2.1從動盤數(shù)及干、濕式的選擇......................................................................72.2.2壓緊彈簧的結(jié)構(gòu)型式及布置......................................................................82.2.3膜片彈簧的支承形式..................................................................................92.2.4壓盤的驅(qū)動方式........................................................................................102.2.5分離軸承總成............................................................................................102.2.6離合器的通風(fēng)散熱措施............................................................................113離合器主要參數(shù)的選擇..................................................................................123.1摩擦片外徑D的確定..................................................................................12II3.2離合器后備系數(shù)Β的確定............................................................................133.3摩擦因數(shù)F、摩擦面數(shù)Z和離合器間隙△T的確定.................................143.4單位壓力P0的確定.......................................................................................154離合器基本參數(shù)的優(yōu)化..................................................................................164.1設(shè)計變量.......................................................................................................164.2目標函數(shù).......................................................................................................164.3約束條件.......................................................................................................165離合器零件的結(jié)構(gòu)選型及設(shè)計計算..............................................................195.1從動盤總成...................................................................................................195.1.1從動片的選擇和設(shè)計................................................................................195.1.2從動盤轂設(shè)計............................................................................................205.1.3摩擦片設(shè)計................................................................................................225.2離合器蓋總成設(shè)計.......................................................................................235.2.1離合器蓋設(shè)計............................................................................................245.2.2壓盤設(shè)計....................................................................................................245.2.3傳動片設(shè)計................................................................................................265.2.4支承環(huán)設(shè)計................................................................................................266扭轉(zhuǎn)減振器的設(shè)計..........................................................................................276.1扭轉(zhuǎn)減振器主要參數(shù)的確定.......................................................................276.2減振器的結(jié)構(gòu)計算.......................................................................................28