英語論文 淺談中西飲食文化的差異.doc

論文寫作指導、各類文案代寫QQ625880526ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSHereandnow,Iwouldliketoextendmysincerethankstoallthosewhohavehelpedmemakethisthesispossibleandbetter.Firstly,Iamdeeplygratefultomyhonorablesupervisor,Gexiaoxia,whohascheckedthroughmythesiswithpatienceandgivenmeinstructivesuggestions.Withoutherenlighteninginstruction,impressivekindnessandpatience,Icouldnothavecompletedmythesis.Thenthanksgoestotheteachersandprofessorswhohavetaughtmeoverthepastyearofstudyandhavehelpedmetodevelopthefundamentalandessentialacademiccompetence.Finally,Iamverygratefultomylovelyfriendsandclassmateswhogivemevaluableadviceonmythesisanddiscussedwithmeaboutmythesis,especiallymyfivelovelyroommates.作者劉洋第ii頁共iv頁ABSTRACTDietisabsolutelynecessaryinthelifeofmankind,andevenintheexistenceordevelopment.BecauseofthedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternculturaltraditions,theChineseandwesterndietaryculturesaredifferentinconcept,target,pattern,attributionandnature.Westudythesedifferencesandthenfindoutthepointsthatcanbedigested,inordertofacilitatethecommunicationaboutculturesbetweenChinaandthewest.TaiwanProfessorZhangQijunsaid,“Theoldsaying,Eat,drink,man,womanwhowishesgreatly.Forsuchastandardfair,westernculture(inparticular,modernAmericanculture)canbesaidtobemaleandfemaleculture.ButtheChineseculturecanbesaidtobeadietaryculture.Asthereasonoftheculturaltraditions,thewesternlivestendtomenandwomen,butbecauseofthenarrowgenderrelations,Chinesepeoplearedumpingguidanceonlifeintherestaurants.Thusthedietisrichinculture.Foodcultureinthewestisnotdevelopedenough,butthisunderdevelopmentitselfistheresultofthedevelopmentofaculture,soitisstillsignificanttostudythedietaryculturesofChineseandWesterndiet.BytheanalysisofthedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesterndietarycultures,wecancomprehendtherespectiveculturaltraditionsofChinaandthewest.AndwecanalsoimproveandcreatethecultureofChina.Keywords：interculturalcommunication；fooddieteticculture；culturedifferences作者第iii頁共iv頁摘要飲食是人類生活、生存與發(fā)展的必需，可是由于中西方文化傳統(tǒng)的差異，導致了中西方飲食文化在觀念、對象、方式、歸屬與性質(zhì)方面產(chǎn)生了差異，研究這些差異，找出可以融會貫通的地方，促進中西文化交流。臺灣張起鈞教授說過“古語說飲食男女人之大欲存焉。就這樣的標準而論，西方文化（特別是近代美國式的文化）可說是男女文化，而中國可說是一種飲食文化?！庇捎谖幕瘋鹘y(tǒng)的緣故，西方人的人生傾向男女關系，而中國人由于對男女關系的褊狹，把人生精力傾泄導向于飲食。由此賦予飲食以豐富的文化內(nèi)涵，雖然飲食文化在西方不夠發(fā)達，但這種不發(fā)達本身也是一種文化發(fā)展的結(jié)果，所以對中西飲食文化的比較仍有意義。通過對中西飲食文化差異的分析，我們可以了解中西方各自的文化傳統(tǒng)；同時能對中國文化進行改善與創(chuàng)新。關鍵詞：飲食文化；文化傳統(tǒng)；差異作者劉洋第iv頁共iv頁CONTENTSACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.iABSTRACT.iiCONTENTS.ivIntroduction.1ChapterOneChineseandWesternFoodDieteticCulture.21.1CharacteristicsofChinesefooddieteticculture.21.2CharacteristicsoftheWesternfooddieteticculture.錯誤!未定義書簽。ChapterTwoDifferencesintheperformanceofChineseandWesternFood.錯誤!未定義書簽。2.1DifferencesbetweenChineseandWesterndietconcept.42.2DifferencesbetweenChineseandWesterndietobjects.錯誤!未定義書簽。2.3DifferencesbetweenChineseandWesterndietmanner,tablewareandetiquette.62.4DifferencesbetweenChineseandWesterndietnature.6ChapterThreeReasonsforthedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternfooddieteticculture.93.1Theimpactofthegeographicalenvironment.93.2Theimpactoftheeconomicsystem.9ChapterFourConclusion.11REFERENCES.12淺談中西飲食文化差異作者劉洋第1頁共12頁IntroductionWiththedeepeningoftheinternationalcommunication,indifferentcountriesorculturalbackground,thecommunicationofpeopleareincreasingallthetime,andthecommunicationbetweenthemiscalledinterculturalcommunication.Interculturalcommunicationsgraduallybecomesanindispensablecontentofpeopleslife.Duetothedifferencesofregional,differentnationsandcountriesformdifferentcultures.Peoplewithdifferentculturalbackgroundsbehaviororhabitsisendlessandsame,theyhavetheirsocialstatuteorhabits,reflectedinthepoliticaleconomy,educationreligion,culture,artandsoon.AmericafamousnewlychemicalrepresentativefigureWhiteiscalled“fatherofculturology”,heputthecultureasakindofspecialandobjectivesocialphenomenon,andasacompletesystem(White,1949).Sospecially,whatisculture?ChenHuawenoncelistscasestoillustratetheconnotationandimportanceofculture；hesaid“cultureislikeairandwaterthatpermeateseverycornerofourlives,peopleareenjoyingthecultureachievementsthatwerecreatedbypredecessorsineverytime,also,peopleareinventingnewcultureineverymoment.Ourprogressistheresultoftheculturecreationanddeveloping.”(ChenHuawen,2001:2)Whenpeoplearecommunicatingunderthedifferentculturebackground,thelanguageandnon-languagefactorswhichinfluenceofmessageeffectaremakecommunicationhenculture.Ifforeignlanguagelearnersarelackofknowledgeforitsbehaviorandfunction,itwillappearinappropriatebehavior,resultinginthecommunicationbarriers,anditisdifficultforeffectivecross-culturalcommunication,asaresultcausesofcommunicationerror.Thedietisthefirstneedforhumanssurvivalanddevelopment；alsoitistheoneofthebasicformofsociallife.Howeverunderthedifferentculturalbackground,havingdifferentdietideaanddietcustom,thenfinallyformthedifferentdietculture.languagelearners,notonlyincreasetheunderstandingofthetargetlanguageculture,butalsoimprovethesuccessrateofinterculturalcommunication,avoidthemisunderstandingsandcommunicationbarriersjustbecauseoftheinappropriatewayorbehavior.InSunWeixuesbook,heoncepointedoutanycountryintheworldshouldcarryoutculturalexchangesandpublicityactively,thisisnotonlybenefittotheirnativeculture,butalsospreadthecultureinworldwide.(SunWeixue,2004)ThispaperexpoundedfromvariousofthedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternfooddieteticculture,enhancemutualunderstandingandfacilitatecommunication.淺談中西飲食文化差異作者劉洋第2頁共12頁ChapteroneChineseandWesternFoodDieteticCulture1.1CharacteristicsofChinesefooddieteticcultureChinaisoneofthemostancientcountriesontheworld,ithasthelonghistoryof5000years,andcreatedinnumerablesplendidcivilization.Inthisculture,itmakesChinacontainmoreexpansiveandprofounddiet.Ithasexperiencedseveralthousandyearsofhistorydevelopment,andhasbecomeoneofthemostimportantChinesetraditionalculturesofdepartment.Becauseofthedistrictdifferenceinourland,itgraduallyformedfourmajorcuisinesthatisSichuancuisine,Guangdongcuisine,ShandongcuisineandChaozhoucuisine.Thisfourmajorcuisinehavedifferentfeatures,butincommoniswithmakingcomplexfastidious,theproductmethodsareverycomplex,andhaveagreatdiversityoftasteanddishes,thisisamazing.Becauseofourvastland,therearedifferencesinclimate,productsandcustomineveryplace.Foralongtime,onfoodwasformedmanyflavor.Ourcountryhasbeenhavethesayingof“southricenorthnoodles”,inthetaste,ithasthedifferencesthat“sourineast,hotinwest,sweetinsouthandsaltyinnorth,itmainlyhavefourflavoraboutBashu,Qilu,HaiyangnandYuemin.(ZouGuangwen,1998)Ontheotherhand,alltheyearround,accordingtoseasonforeatisafeatureinChinascooking.Sinceancienttimes,ourcountryhasbeenaccordingtoseasonchangestotaste,anddishes.Wintertastestrong,summerflavorcleaner；inthewintermorebraisedstews,summermorecold.Inthelong-termdevelopment,evolutionandaccumulationprocess,Chinesepeoplegraduallyformeditsownuniquefoodfolkfrommanyaspects,suchasdietstructure,foodproduction,foodutensils,nutritionhealthyanddietaesthetic,thiscreatedadietwithuniqueflavoroftheChinesefoodculture,becomeapearloftheworldfoodculture.1.2CharacteristicsoftheWesternfooddieteticcultureRationalwesternerspaymoreattentiontothenutritionandsurvival.DuetothedifferentphilosophicalthoughtsofChineseandwestern,westernersindiettakesthescience,takesthescienceaboutnutrition,sothenutritionisthesupremeprincipleinthewesterndiet.淺談中西飲食文化差異作者劉洋第3頁共12頁Eatinglikeabiologicalmachineaddfuel,especiallyaboutthefoodsnutritioncomposition,protein,fat,carbohydrates,vitaminsandallkindsofinorganicelementcontent,(DangBinghua,2010)whethercaloriesupplyproperly,andwhetherthesenutrientscanbefullyabsorbed,andpresenceofothersideeffects,anddishescolor,