初中英語一般現(xiàn)在時與一般過去式小結

1、一般現(xiàn)在時與一般過去式小結一，一般現(xiàn)在時的用法1) 經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻腮度的時間狀語連用。 時間狀語： every, sometimes,at, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning.2) 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學事實。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China.3) 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall.驕者必敗。注意：此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時

2、。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.4) 現(xiàn)在時刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個性。 I dont want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.比較：Now I put the sugar in the cup.I am doing my homework now.第一句用一般現(xiàn)在時，用于操作演示或指導說明的示范性動作，表示言行的瞬間動作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的n

3、ow是進行時的標志，表示正在進行的動作的客觀狀況，所以后句用一般現(xiàn)在時。5）時間標志詞：every , sometimes,often usually6）一般現(xiàn)在時中的動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式在一般現(xiàn)在時中，當主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，即常在動詞原形后加-s或-es。現(xiàn)歸納總結如下：1、人稱代詞he, she, it是第三人稱單數(shù)。如：He likes watching TV. 他喜歡看電視。She has lunch at twelve. 她十二點吃午餐。It looks like a cat. 它看起來像只貓。2、單個人名、地名或稱呼作主語；是第三人稱單數(shù)。如：Han

4、 Mei looks like her mother. 韓梅看起來像她的母親。Beijing is in China. 北京在中國。Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔經(jīng)常做蛋糕。3、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或this / that / the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞作主語時，是第三人稱單數(shù)。如：A horse is a useful animal. 馬是有用的動物。This book is yours. 這本書是你的。That car is red. 那輛小汽車是紅色的。The cat is Lucys. 這只貓是露茜的。4、不定代詞someone, somebody, nobody

5、, everything, something等及指示代詞this,that作主語時，是第三人稱單數(shù)。如：Everyone is here. 大家到齊了。There is something wrong with the watch. 這塊手表有毛病。This is a pen. 這是一支鋼筆。That is an eraser. 那是一塊橡皮擦。5、不可數(shù)名詞作主語時為第三人稱單數(shù)。如：The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。The bread is very small. 那面包很小。6、當數(shù)字或字母作主語時，看作第三人稱單數(shù)。如：6 is a lucky nu

6、mber. 6是個吉利數(shù)字。I is a letter. I是個字母。二，一般過去時的用法, 1）在確定的過去時間里所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。 時間狀語有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Where did you go just now?2）表示在過去一段時間內，經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they we

7、re given a warm welcome.3）句型： It is time for sb. to do sth 到時間了 該了 It is time sb. did sth. 時間已遲了 早該了 It is time for you to go to bed. 你該睡覺了。 It is time you went to bed.你早該睡覺了。 would (had) rather sb. did sth.表示寧愿某人做某事 Id rather you came tomorrow.4) 時間標志詞：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other d

8、ay, in 1982, just now5）一般過去時：一般過去時的謂語動詞要用動詞的過去式形式。be動詞的過去式有兩種：was(是is, am的過去式)，were(是are的過去式)；行為動詞的過去式一般在詞尾加-ed；不規(guī)則變化的動詞要參看不規(guī)則動詞表。含有be的過去時，變否定句在was和were的后面加not。was not與were not可縮寫成wasnt和werent。一般疑問句是把was/were提到句首，并大寫第一個字母w，句末用問號。例：He wasnt in the classroom just now. 剛才他不在教室。 Were you at home last ni

9、ght? Yes, I was. / No, I wasnt. 昨天晚上你在家嗎？ 是的，我在。/ 不，我不在。6）行為動詞的過去時的否定句、一般疑問句怎樣改寫呢？這就要借助助動詞do/does的過去式did了。否定句在did后加not, 并把行為動詞恢復原形。如：He didnt do his homework last night. 昨天晚上他沒寫作業(yè)。而一般疑問句要把did提到句首，行為動詞也要恢復原形。如： Did you listen to the radio yesterday? Yes, I did. / No, I didnt. 昨天你聽收音機了嗎？ 是的，我聽了。/ 不，我沒

10、聽。鞏固練習題：I.寫出下列動詞的相應形式：1. 第三人稱單數(shù)： wash_ match _guess_ study_ finish_go_ snow_ carry_2.寫出下列動詞的過去式：stop_ see_ drive _let_ carry_keep_ join_ find_ think_ teach_ catch_3. 寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式： stay_ begin_ forget_forget_ lie_ die _ run_ prefer_ give_ring_ dance_ hope_II. 用所給動詞的適當形式填空：1I _(write) to you as soon

11、as I _(get) to London.2. He doesnt feel well and _(not eat) any food this morning.3. He _ not _(see) me come in, for he _(read) somethingwith great interest.4. I _(let) you have the book as soon as I _(finish) it.5. While we _(wait) for our teacher, a little boy _(run) up to us.6. Dont make a niose.

12、 Grandpa _(sleep).7.Its seven now, Toms family_(watch) TV.8. It _(take) me two hours to finish my homework last night.9. What _ your mother _(do) at eight yesterday evening? She_(wash) clothes.10. _ it _ (rain) when school was over yesterday?11. What _(do) _ tomorrow? We _ (play) football.12. There

13、_ (be) a football match on TV this evening.13. They said they _ (visit) the Great Wall the next summer holiday.14. Who _ (dance) the best in your class?15. Will you come if he _ (not come)?16. The teacher told us the earth _ (move) round the sun.17. They _ (have) a party in the garden if it _ (not r

14、ain)tomorrow.18 She _ (buy) a sweater yesterday.19. I dont know if Mr.Wang _ (go) to Shanghai tomorrow. If he _ (go),I _ (ask) him _ (take) some books to my daughter, because she _ (study) there.III單項選擇：1.The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _ tomorrow.A.dont rain B. doesnt rain C. wont r

15、ain2. There _ an English film next week.A. will have B. is going to have C. is going to be D. was going to be3. The picture _ nice.A. looks B. is looked C. look D. is looking4. She _ down and soon fell asleep.A. live B. lain C. laid D. lay5. They _ the office at nine yesterday morning.A. reached to

16、B. arrived C. went D. get to6. We shall go to Shanghai on business before you _ back next week.A. wil come B. came C. would come D. come7. Dont smoke until the plane _ off.A. takes B. took C. was taken D. is take8. I saw her _ the room this morning.A. to enter() B. entered C. enter D. enters9.the te

17、acher asked us _ to school on time.A. to come B. coming C. come D. comes10. John is always _ others.A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help11. He told us _ at eight.A. working B. to work C. work D. worked12. Youd better _ at home and _ your homework.A. to stay, do B. stay, do C. to stay, to do D. sta

18、y, to do13. He sat down _ a rest.A. having B. have C. to have D. had14. Uncle Wang knows _ a washing machine.A. how to make B. to make C. how making D. what to make15. Jim decided _ Polly to Ling Feng when he was back to England.A. to leave B. left C. leaving D. leave練習題（二）一、寫出下列動詞第三人稱單數(shù)的變化形式；be hav

19、e come go stay teach write take study watch fly play二、 用括號中所給詞的適當形式填空；1The buses _ (use) a lot of oil.2Each of us _ (have) strong points and weak points.3My daughter _ (watch) TV every day. Sometimes she _ (see) a film on Sunday.4Li Wei _ (have) a daughter. She stays in a nursery.5Our family _ (be) a happy one.6Her mother _ (teach) English at a middle school.7Jack often _ (listen) to the radio.8He _ (say) that Prof. Li is tired.三、將下列句子變成否定式和疑問式：1We go to evening school at night.2My brother works in a radio factory.3Her name is Mei Ling.4You have a red pencil.5She has lunch at ho