book5 module 3 Grammar

1、Grammar,V-ed與V-ing做定語(yǔ),1. V-ed作定語(yǔ)表示： Vt：被動(dòng)的完成的 Vi: 完成的 2. V-ing作定語(yǔ)表示： 主動(dòng)的進(jìn)行的,e.g. I know the boy standing under the tall tree.,=I know the boy who is standing under the tall tree.,The apartments being built are for the teachers.,=The apartments that/which are being built are for the teachers.,Most of

2、 the artists invited to the Party were from Europe.,=Most of the artists who were invited to the Party were from Europe.,分詞作后置定語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,常見(jiàn)的由動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞演變而來(lái)的adj. amazed; disappointed; embarrassed; frightened; bored; moved；interested等 常用-ed形式形容詞修飾的詞有： tears；smile; voice; look; expression; eye,V-ed與v-ing做

3、賓語(yǔ),1.I want a computer. I want to play basketball. 2. I enjoy the movie. I enjoy listening to songs.,V-ed與to do 做賓語(yǔ),V(s)+v-ing注意事項(xiàng)： e.g 用這種方法，空氣就避免了污染。 In this way, air avoids being polluted. 你逃脫不了懲罰。 You cant escape being punished.,可接v-ing與to do 做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞,remember/forget/regret/ +v-ing表：動(dòng)作已發(fā)生 +to do表：

4、動(dòng)作未發(fā)生 e.g -Did you lock the door? -Im sorry. I forgot to lock it. Why the door is open? I remembered I locking it.,stop to do 停下來(lái)去干另一件事 stop doing 停下正在干的事 go on to do繼續(xù)干另一件事 go on doing繼續(xù)干同一件事 try to do try doing mean to do 打算干 mean doing意味著干 cant help doing 禁不住做某事 cant help to do 不能幫忙做某事,e.g. In mo

5、st cases, customers cant help _(被說(shuō)服購(gòu)買(mǎi)) things they actually do not need. (persuade),being persuaded to buy,I didnt mean _(傷害你), Diana, but I did, and I have been feeling upset about it. (hurt),to hurt you,e.g I was reading a book when someone knocked at the door. So I stopped to open the door. You m

6、issed the train. It means waiting another 20 minutes.,like / hate/ love + v-ing表：經(jīng)常性的抽象的 +to do表：偶然的具體的 e.g I know you hate reading novels, but do you like to read one for me today? begin/start 只能跟to do 的情況： 主語(yǔ)為物，如：It began to rain. 后面所接動(dòng)詞為表心理活動(dòng)的詞，如：know, realize, think, understand等 e.g I began to understand my parents from that moment. begin/start 本身為進(jìn)行時(shí)， 如： He is beginning to fit in with his classmates.,ing/to do作賓補(bǔ),下列動(dòng)詞后在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中用不帶to的不定式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中要加上to,吾看三室兩廳一感覺(jué),5看：,3使：,2聽(tīng)：,1感覺(jué)：,look at, see, watch, notice, observe,make, let, have,listen to, hear,feel,注意,后接不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，變被動(dòng)時(shí)應(yīng)加上to。,e