全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程二重點詞組

1、unit one ways of learning text a learning, chinese-stylelanguage focus1. attach: fasten or join (one thing to another) (used in the pattern: attach sth. to sth.)examples: scientists discovered they could measure wind speed by attaching a wind meter to a kite and sending it up.attached to this letter

2、 you will find a copy of the document you asked for.四級大綱中動詞后跟to 的類似詞組還有：adaptto使適應(yīng)于addto加到上adjustto(使) 適應(yīng)于admit to承認(rèn)agree to同意(某一建議、安排等)amount to總計達(dá), 相當(dāng)于, 等于apologize to向(某人)道歉appeal to向呼吁; 訴諸于; 對有吸引力apply to向(某人)申請attend to處理, 料理; 照顧, 照料belong to屬于challengeto向挑戰(zhàn), 要求(比賽、決斗等)communicateto向傳達(dá)compareto

3、把比作confess to承認(rèn), 懺悔confineto把限制在consent to同意, 答應(yīng)contribute to捐獻(xiàn), 捐贈; 有助于correspond to 相當(dāng)于; 相符, 符合devoteto為而奉獻(xiàn)entitleto給權(quán)利(或資格)lead to(路等)通向; 導(dǎo)致limitto把限制到object to反對occur to被想到, 出現(xiàn)在腦海中oweto把歸功于preferto喜歡勝過propose to向求婚react to對作出反應(yīng)refer to提到, 涉及; 查閱, 參考relate to有關(guān), 涉及reply to對作出回答resort to訴諸, 求助于res

4、pond to回答, 響應(yīng)see to處理stick to堅持; 忠于, 信守subject to使遭受, 使服從submit to服從, 聽從surrender to投降, 屈服turn to找(某人尋求幫助等)yield to投降, 讓步2. not in the least: not at allexamples; i am not in the least touched by the marilyn monroe kind of beauty.ann didnt seem in the least concerned about her study.3. find ones way:

5、 reach a destination naturally; arrive atexamples: shanghai is not an easy city to find your way around.drunk as he was, peter still found his way home.similar phrases:struggle ones way; elbow ones way; make ones way; push ones way, etc.4. phenomenon: (pl. phenomena) sth. that happens or exists and

6、that can be seen or experiencedexamples: hurricanes are a relatively common phenomenon in the caribbean.stress-related illness is a common phenomenon in big cities.thunder and lightening are natural phenomena.5. initial: of or at the beginning, first (adj., used only before n.)examples: if a car sud

7、denly pulls out in front of you, your initial reaction may include fear and anger.their initial burst of enthusiasm died down when they realized how much work the job involved.6. assist: help (used in the pattern: assist sb. to do sth., assist sb. with sth.)examples: the professor was assisting his

8、students to prepare their project.the college student decided to assist the boy with his study.word choice: help, assist, give/lend a hand, help out, come to sbs aid/assistance, aid, give/send aidhelp and assist can both describe people or institutions helping each other do a job. however, assist is

9、 more formal and often suggests that the person assisting is doing a simple or unimportant part of what has to be done, e.g. my company assists businesses in all their office cleaning requirements. you will assist the administrative officer with day-to-day organization.in more informal english peopl

10、e often use give/ lend a hand or help out, especially where there is something practical to do and not enough people to do it: can you give me a hand with the drinks? i sometimes lend a hand / help out at eh old folks home.if someone is in danger or trouble, you may help them or more formally come t

11、o their aid/ assistance:my cars broken down, can you help?if you get into difficulties, the lifeguard will come to your assistance.if a person, charity, or government helps with money or other necessary things, aid (formal) or often give/ send aid may be used; help would be used informally:many proj

12、ects are aided by oxfam. aid will be sent to the area as soon as possible.please help the homeless.7. insert: put, fit, place (in, into, between)examples: wait for a couple of minutes with your mouth closed before inserting the thermometer.the doctor carefully inserted the needle into my left arm.8.

13、 somewhat: to some degree, a little examples:it is reported that conditions in the village have improved somewhat since november._ are you concerned about your exam results?_ somewhat.9. await: (fml) wait forawait is a fairly common word in formal writing, but you do not usually use it in conversati

14、on. instead you use wait for. examples: we must await the results of field studies yet to come.after i sent the letter asking for a job, i had nothing to do but await the answer.10. on occasion: now and thenexamples. i was usually the only foreign participant, although on occasion i brought other am

15、ericans in as guests.steve spent almost all his time doing his research, but, on occasion, he would take his son to see a film.11. neglect: give too little attention or care toexamples: he gave too much attention to his career, working long hours and neglecting his wife.their investment turned out t

16、o be a failure and the manager was accused of neglecting his duties.cf.: ignore: pay no attention to sb./sth. on purpose, or as if sth. has not happened example: i said good morning to her, but she just ignored me and walked on.12. relevant: directly connected with the subject (followed by to , oppo

17、site irrelevant) examples:only a few people feel the debate about the cloning of human beings is relevant to their daily lives.while writing my term paper i was able to borrow all the relevant books from the school library.13. investigate: try to find out information about (used in the pattern: inve

18、stigate sth., investigate + wh-clause) examples:police are still investigating how the car accident happened.we can assure you that your complaint will be fully and properly investigated.14. exception: sb./sth. that a comment or statement does not apply to examples:normally, parents arent allowed to

19、 sit in on the classes, but in your case we can make an exception.we feel that all the students in this class, with one or two exceptions, support the educational reforms.without exception all our youngsters wanted to leave school and start work.when you are mentioning an exception, you often use th

20、e expression with the exception of”.example: we all went to see the film, with the exception of otto, who complained of feeling unwell.15. on ones own: 1) without anyones helpexamples; you neednt give me any help. i am able to manage on my own.there are jobs your child can do on her own.2) aloneexam

21、ples: the child was left on her own for hours as her mom had to deal with the emergency.id rather not go to dance on my own. i do wish youd come with me.四級大綱中以on 開始的類似詞組還有:on a large (small) scale大（?。┮?guī)模地on account of由于， 因為on an/ the average平均，通常on behalf of代表，為了on board在船（車、飛機）上on business因公，因事on co

22、ndition that如果on duty當(dāng)班，值班on earth究竟，到底o(hù)n fire起火，著火on foot步行on guard站崗，值班on hand在場，在手邊on ones guard警惕，提防on purpose故意，有意on sale出售；廉價出售on schedule按時間表，準(zhǔn)時on second thoughts經(jīng)重新考慮，繼而想on the contrary正相反on the grounds of根據(jù)，以為理由on the point of即將的時候on the road在旅途中，在過程中on the side作為兼職，作為副業(yè)，正事以外on the spot在場，到

23、場；馬上，當(dāng)場on the whole總的來說，大體上on time準(zhǔn)時16. accomplish: manage to do (sth.)examples: unless you practice youll accomplish nothing.considering their capacity, the possibility of accomplishing the task is not high.if i work hard, i think i can accomplish my goal of getting 6 as at the end of the semester.

24、17. in due course: at the proper time; eventuallyexamples. your book will be published in due course.be patient. youll get your promotion in due course.18. critical: 1) very importantexamples; environmentalists say a critical factor in the citys pollution is its population.how well you accomplish th

25、is task will be critical to the success of your career.2) very serious or dangerousexamples: in yesterdays car accident, ten people were killed and five people are still in a critical condition.as the situation in afghanistan became critical, the un secretary-general appointed a special representati

26、ve to tackle it.19. principal: adj. (rather fml) main, chiefexamples; the couples principal concern is to earn enough money to send their children to school.her principal interest in life was to be a world-renowned pianist.n. the principal of a school or college is the person in charge of it.example

27、: complaints from the students began arriving at the principals office.cf.: principle (see confusable words p.16 )a principle is a basic rule that explains or controls how something works or a guiding rule for behaviour.examples: these machines work on the same principle.mr. ward is a man of high pr

28、inciples.20. make up for: repay with sth. good, compensate forexamples- i didnt travel much when i was younger, but im certainly making up for lost time now.her husband bought her a present to make up for quarreling with her the day before.21. in retrospect: on evaluating the past; upon reflectionex

29、amples: the young man knew in retrospect that he should have married his first love emily.in retrospect, i wish that i had chosen biology as my major.四級大綱中以in 開始的類似詞組還有:in a sense從某種程度上，從某點上看in any case/ event無論如何，不管怎樣in brief簡單地說in common共同的，共有的in consequence因此，結(jié)果in debt 欠債，欠情in detail詳細(xì)地in difficu

30、lty處境困難in effect實際上，事實上in favor of支持，贊成in general一般來說，大體上in hand在進(jìn)行中，待辦理in honor of為慶祝，為紀(jì)念in itself本質(zhì)上，就其本身而言in line成一條直線， 成一排in line with與一致；與符合in memory of紀(jì)念in no case無論如何不， 決不in no time立即，馬上in no way 決不in order按順序，按次序；整齊in part部分地in particular特別，尤其in person親自，本人in place在合適的位置in place of代替，取代，交換in

31、 practice在實踐中，實際上in proportion to與成比例in public公開地，當(dāng)眾in quantity大量in question正在談?wù)摰膇n regard to關(guān)于，至于in relation to有關(guān)，與相比in return作為報答in sight看得見，被見到；在望，在即in step齊步，合拍；一致，協(xié)調(diào)in tears流著淚，在哭著in the course of在期間, 在過程中in the event of如果發(fā)生, 萬一in the face of 不顧, 即使; 在前面in the least絲毫, 一點兒in (the) light of鑒于,由于

32、in the way擋道, 妨礙人的in the world究竟, 到底in touch 聯(lián)系, 接觸in vain陡然, 白費力22. extreme: very greatexample: the girls were afraid of snakes and walked along the mountain trail with extreme caution.n. the furthest possible limit, an extreme degreeexample: i know i always say that you eat too much, but there is

33、no need to go to the other extreme.(phrase: go to extremes: do sth. so much, state sth. so strongly, that people consider your actions unacceptable and unreasonableexamples: john went to such extremes to get his promotion that everyone at the office hates him now.the film is not very good, but some

34、critics have gone to extremes, saying it is the worst of the decade. )23. performance: 1) the standard achieved by a person or group of people in carrying out a particular job or activityexamples: the athlete was awarded $10,000 for his good performance in the olympics.after several bad performances

35、, the soccer team found their form again.2) sth. performed in front of an audience, e.g. a play, a dance or other entertainmentexamples; stevie wonder fought back from the shadow of death and went on to give more performances.his performance in the new production of hamlet received much praise.24. s

36、o much so that: to such an extentexamples; americans treat their children as separate individuals, so much so that someone who remains dependent on their parents longer than the norm may be thought to be immature.some parents spoil their children, so much so that they never ask them to do an studyin

37、g.25. continual: happening again and again, repeated examples: the construction of the airport continued despite continual complaints from local residents.the dogs continual barking disturbed the whole neighborhood.word choice: continual(ly), continuous(ly)continual describes separate actions (often

38、 annoying actions you do not like) which are repeated over a period of time, e.g. :these continual interruptions are driving me mad.shes continually flying off to different places.continuous especially describes things and events that go on without a break, e. g. :the police formed a continuous line

39、 round the building.this product is the result of years of continuous development.we landed after flying continuously for 16 hours.26. apply: 1) be relevant (to sb./sth.); have an effect (used in the pattern: apply to sb./sth.)examples: the new pension arrangements wont apply to people born before 1

40、960.the advice given by the professor only applies to some of the college students.2) write a letter or fill in a form in order to ask formally for sth. (used in the pattern: apply for sth., apply to do sth.)examples: how many jobs had you applied for before you were offered this one?we went to the

41、sports club so often that we decided that we might as well apply to join.27. work on/at: try hard to achieve or improve (sth.)examples: sophia needs to work at/on her typing speed.john came back ahead of time to continue working on his thesis.28. priority: 1) sth. that one must do before anything el

42、seexamples: being a qualified teacher is her first priority.earning enough money to maintain his family is a high priority.2) sth. that holds a high place among competing claimsexamples: the school will give priority to english and computer studies.the proposals deserve support as they give priority

43、 to the needs of children.29. evolve: (cause to) develop gradually (followed by into/from)examples; the story evolves into a violent tragedy.popular music evolved from folk songs.as knowledge of genetic engineering evolves, beliefs change.if you want to be a poet, you must evolve your own style of w

44、riting.30. summarize: make a short account of the main points of (sth.)examples: basically, the article can be summarized in three sentences.the workers demands can be summarized as follows: shorter hours and more pay.31. contrast: compare (two people or things) so that differences are made clear (u

45、sed in the pattern: contrast a and/with b)examples; carrie contrasted the situation then with the present crisis.students were asked to contrast ernest hemingway with mark twain.n. action of contrastingexamples: i was always reading when i was a kid, but my daughter, in contrast, just watches tv all

46、 day.in contrast to the hot days, the nights are bitterly cold.32. on the one hand . on the other hand: to introduce two contrasting circumstances examples: on the one hand her temper was likely to cause trouble, but on the other hand we needed her expertise.on the one hand, we have good reason to f

47、eel pleased with our progress. on the other hand, we mustnt get complacent.33. promote: help to grow or developexamples: you dont have to sacrifice environmental protection to promote economic growth.regular exercise will help promote physical and mental health.34. emerge: come out (followed by from

48、)examples: the postman emerged from his van soaked to the skin.the magician emerged from behind the curtain.n. emergence (pay attention to the difference between emergence and emergency)35. pick up: gain, learnexamples: he picked up quite a lot of english during his one-year stay in america.i had pi

49、cked up a bit of data-processing from my son.36. enormous: extremely large (same as huge, immense)examples: catherine inherited an enormous fortune from her parents.the new years concert was an enormous success.37. exaggerate: make (sth.) seem larger, better, etc. than it really isexamples; in her r

50、esume, she has clearly exaggerated her talents a little. i am bleeding to death! dont exaggerate its only a little cut.peter says hes seen titanic at least 20 times but i think hes exaggerating.38. assuming (that):you use assuming that when you are considering a possible situation or event, so that

51、think about the consequences.examples: assuming that we all work at the same rate, we should be finished by january. assuming that this painting really is a van gogh, how much do you think its worth?39. valid: based on truth or sound reasoningexamples; they put forward many valid reasons for not bui

52、lding the skyscraper.it is valid to consider memory the oldest mental skill.scientific theories must be backed up with valid evidence.40. worthwhile: worth doing, worth the trouble takenexamples: it might be worthwhile to consider buying an insurance policy.a trip to the museum is always worthwhile.

53、teaching is considered a worthwhile job.cf.: worth: prep. & n. worth is common only after the verb to be and after words for amounts of something, e.g.how much is the ring worth?the picture is worth about two thousand pounds.the balance sheet will not show the current worth of the company.dick cashe

54、d about a thousand pounds worth of travelers cheques.there s about a weeks worth of work left.41. superior: better than average or than others of the same type (followed by to )examples: long-term stock market investments have produced superior returns compared with cash deposits.the woman was great

55、ly superior to her husband in education.四級大綱中形容詞原形后跟介詞to 表示比較的形容詞 (這類詞來自拉丁語系) 還有:inferior, senior, junior, prior, etc. e.g. :your thesis is superior to mine.she is three years senior to me.text b children and money1. account: n . 1) an arrangement that you have with a bank to pay in or take out mone

56、y, e.g. my salary is paid directly into my bank account.current account (bre), checking account (ame) 往來帳戶，活期戶（往往無利息）deposit account（可拿利息但需事先通知方可提取的）存款帳戶savings account儲蓄存款帳戶（利息比deposit account 要高）credit account(bre), charge account(ame)（商店的）信用帳戶expense account（有老板支付的）旅差費帳戶2) description; a written

57、or spoken description which gives details of an eventthere were several different accounts of the story in the newspapers.david gave us a vivid account of the his trip to rio.her fascinating first-hand account of the chinese cultural revolution2. furthermore: (sentence adverb) fml in addition to what has already been said; moreoverfurthermore, my aim is to provi