事故預(yù)防標(biāo)志和標(biāo)簽.ppt

1、事故預(yù)防標(biāo)志和標(biāo)簽,深圳市維普拉安全生產(chǎn)技術(shù)咨詢有限公司,2,學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)Learning Objectives,成功完成本次培訓(xùn)后，參與者應(yīng)該能：Upon successful completion of training, each participant should be able to: 通過顏色、形狀、象形符號和/或警告詞來識別事故預(yù)防標(biāo)志和標(biāo)簽Identify accident prevention signs and tags by color, shape, pictograph and/or signal word 說明危害存在的種類和級別Describe what hazar

2、d is present and what level of hazards exists 使用標(biāo)志和標(biāo)簽表示個人防護措施 Describe precautions to take for personal protection as indicated by the signs and tags,3,介紹Introduction,在此模塊中我們將討論事故預(yù)防標(biāo)志和標(biāo)簽。預(yù)防傷害發(fā)生的一個最簡單方法就是辨認(rèn)并遵守標(biāo)志和標(biāo)簽所表達(dá)的信息。了解標(biāo)志和標(biāo)簽是維護我們安全與健康的關(guān)鍵。In this module we will discuss accident prevention signs an

3、d tags. One of the easiest ways to prevent injuries is to read and obey signs and tags. Understanding these signs and tags is key to maintaining our safety and health.,4,標(biāo)簽Tags,當(dāng)員工接觸到非常規(guī)、難以預(yù)料或不明顯的危害或具有潛在危害的環(huán)境、設(shè)備或操作時，標(biāo)簽是一種預(yù)防員工傷害或疾病的方法。在消除被識別的危害或完成危險操作之前，應(yīng)始終使用這些標(biāo)簽。當(dāng)使用標(biāo)志、防護裝置或其他有效保護措施時，則無須再使用這些標(biāo)簽。 Tags

4、 shall be used as a means to prevent accidental injury or illness to employees who are exposed to hazardous or potentially hazardous conditions, equipment, or operations, which are out of the ordinary, unexpected or not readily apparent. Tags shall be used until such time as the identified hazard is

5、 eliminated or the hazardous operation is completed. Tags need not be used where signs, guarding or other positive means of protection are being used.,5,危險顏色Hazard Colors,紅色標(biāo)志或標(biāo)簽表示直接危害并要采取特殊預(yù)防措施。 Red signs or tags indicate immediate danger and special precautions are necessary. 橙色標(biāo)志或標(biāo)簽表示不足以構(gòu)成直接危害，但必

6、須小心提防。 Orange signs or tags indicate a hazard less than danger, but greater than caution.,6,危險顏色Hazard Colors,續(xù)前Continuing 黃色標(biāo)志或標(biāo)簽僅用于警告潛在危險或提醒不安全行為。 Yellow signs or tags are used only to warn against potential hazards or to caution against unsafe practices. 綠色安全說明標(biāo)志或藍(lán)色通告標(biāo)志用于有關(guān)安全措施的一般說明和建議。Green safe

7、ty instructions signs or Blue notice signs are used for general instructions and suggestions relative to safety measures.,7,危險程度Degree of Hazards,危險 = 直接險并需要采取特殊的預(yù)防措施Danger = immediate danger and special precautions are necessary,以下是我們剛才所討論的顏色所表示危害程度的示例。最高程度的警告為紅色危害標(biāo)志或標(biāo)簽。表示直接危害，應(yīng)采取特殊預(yù)防措施來確保您的安全。Belo

8、w are some examples of the degrees of hazards associated with the colors we just discussed. The highest degree of warning is the red danger sign or tag. It means there is an immediate danger and you should take special precautions to insure your safety.,8,危險程度Degree of Hazards,續(xù)前Continuing 記住此標(biāo)志最好方法

9、是：如果不注意此標(biāo)志，danger（危險）中的字母“D”就意味著 death（死亡）或 disability（傷殘）。 A good way to remember the extreme nature of this type of sign or tag is: The “D” in danger could mean death or disability if you dont pay attention to the sign.,9,危險程度Degree of Hazards,續(xù)前Continuing. 如果在此標(biāo)志附近進行動火作業(yè)（涉及火源的作業(yè)），必須采取特殊預(yù)防措施。請務(wù)必小心

10、謹(jǐn)慎并采取預(yù)措施，否則您沒有機會再次討論。在培訓(xùn)中您會看到幾種危險標(biāo)志和標(biāo)簽的示例。請注意，您可能在現(xiàn)場見到這些標(biāo)志/標(biāo)簽。Special precautions should be taken if any hot work (work involving an ignition source) needs to be performed near this sign. Pay close attention and take precautions or you may not be here to talk about it later. You will see examples of

11、 several danger signs and tags throughout this training. Please note you may see them throughout your site as well.,10,危險程度Degree of Hazards,警告 = 危害級別介于“危險”和“注意” Warning = a hazard level between “Danger” and “Caution”,橙色警告標(biāo)志或標(biāo)簽介于在“危險”與“注意”之間。無論何時看到這類標(biāo)志或標(biāo)簽，必須采取特殊的預(yù)防措施，否則可能會導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的傷害。 The next lower deg

12、ree of hazard falls between Danger and Caution. It is an orange Warning sign or tag. Whenever you see these signs or tags you must take special precautions or serious injury could result.,11,危險程度Degree of Hazards,此種顏色標(biāo)志也用于警告健康危害或生物危害的。對生物危害性或生物危害警告用于表示實際的或潛在的生物危害，并用于識別含有活性危害源或被此類物質(zhì)污染的設(shè)備、容器、物料或?qū)嶒炐詣游铩?/p>

13、The color of this sign is also used to warn of a biological health hazard or BIOHAZARD. The biological hazard or BIOHAZARD warning shall be used to signify the actual or potential presences of a biohazard and to identify equipment, container rooms, materials, experimental animals, or combinations th

14、ereof, which contain, or are contaminated with viable hazardous agents.,12,危險程度Degree of Hazards,注意 = 可能存在危險，并應(yīng)當(dāng)采取適當(dāng)?shù)念A(yù)防措施Caution = a possible hazard and proper precautions should be taken,程度較低的警告為黃色“注意”標(biāo)志。它表示潛在受傷的危險，應(yīng)當(dāng)采取預(yù)防措施。此標(biāo)志與您在公路上看到的“前方有落石”標(biāo)志性質(zhì)相似。它并不表示一定會有落石，但可能由于您運氣不佳，駛過此處時剛好有一塊落石砸在您的新車上。 The n

15、ext degree of warning is the yellow Caution sign. It indicates the possibility that you could be injured and you should take precautions. This sign is like the yellow “Falling Rocks” sign you see on the highway. It doesnt mean rocks are falling all the time, but just your luck, as you drive by, one

16、will fall on your new car.,13,危險程度Degree of Hazards,續(xù)前Continuing 本幻燈片上的示例表示：路面濕滑，行走時請務(wù)必小心。The example shown on the slide indicates you should take care while walking, because the surface could become slippery if it is wet.,14,危險程度Degree of Hazards,綠色 = 安全說明標(biāo)志Green = safety instruction sign,通告 = 一般信息

17、Notice = general information,最后一個類別是安全說明標(biāo)志或標(biāo)簽。這些標(biāo)志或標(biāo)簽的本質(zhì)是用來提供信息。不會警告您潛在的危險，而是提供安全的做法。 The last category is the safety instruction sign or tag. These signs or tags are informational in nature. You arent being warned of a specific potential hazard, but rather safe practices.,15,危險程度Degree of Hazards,圖

18、示綠色標(biāo)志表示洗眼器所在位置以備緊急情況下使用。另外一個示例是通告標(biāo)志，它提醒我們不要堵塞通道，否則在發(fā)生火災(zāi)時，導(dǎo)致撤離人員摔倒或沒有足夠的逃生空間。The green sign indicates where an eye wash station is located in case of emergency. The other example is a notice sign reminding us not to block doorways which could cause falls or prevent adequate escape during a fire.,綠色 =

19、 安全說明標(biāo)志Green = safety instruction sign,通告 = 一般信息Notice = general information,16,危害程度Degree of Hazards,我們討論的所有標(biāo)簽都是用于識別非常規(guī)、難以預(yù)料或不明顯的危害環(huán)境、設(shè)備或操作的臨時手段。在排除已被識別的危險或完成危險操作之前，要始終使用這些標(biāo)簽。標(biāo)簽應(yīng)盡可能布置在其指示對象的附近，并采用扎帶、鐵絲或粘合劑等有效手段來防止丟失或遭意外拆除，以盡可能確保其安全牢固。For all of the tags weve discussed, they are used as a temporary

20、means of identifying hazardous conditions, equipment or operations which are out of the ordinary, unexpected or not readily apparent. Tags are to be used until such time as the identified hazard is eliminated or the hazardous operation is completed. Tags should be affixed as close to and as safe as

21、possible to their respective hazards by a positive means such as string, wire, or adhesive that prevents their loss or unintentional removal.,17,危險物料分類Hazardous Materials Classification,系統(tǒng)將危害分為以下三個類別：健康、燃燒性和不穩(wěn)定性。每種類別的嚴(yán)重程度由數(shù)字從零（代表最小危險）到四（代表嚴(yán)重危險）來表示。The system identifies the hazards of a material in t

22、erms of the following three principal categories: Health, Flammability, and Instability. For each category the degree of severity is rated by numbers ranging from zero, indicating minimal hazard, to four, indicating severe hazard.,18,危險物料分類Hazardous Materials Classification,這些信息由一組空間排列的數(shù)字等級來表示，健康位于左

23、側(cè)，易燃性位于上方，不穩(wěn)定性位于右側(cè)。 The information shall be presented by a spatial arrangement of numerical ratings, with the health rating always at the left position, the flammability rating always at the top position, and the instability rating always at the right position.,19,危險物料分類Hazardous Materials Classifi

24、cation,為每個等級都指定了顏色：藍(lán)色表示健康危害，紅色表示易燃危害，黃色表示不穩(wěn)定性危險。底部第四個菱形表示特殊危險。此部分沒有相關(guān)的特定顏色。Each rating is assigned a color: Blue for health hazard, Red for flammability hazard, and Yellow for instability hazard. The fourth quadrant, at the bottom position, indicates special hazards. No special color is associated w

25、ith this quadrant.,健康危險 4 致命 3 極度危險 2 危險 1 輕微危險 0 普通物料,20,危險物料分類Hazardous Materials Classification,藍(lán)色表示健康危害。Blue for health hazard.,3,健康危險 4 致命 3 極度危險 2 危險 1 輕微危險0 普通物料,藍(lán)色Blue,21,危險物料分類Hazardous Materials Classification,紅色表示易燃危害。Red for flammability hazard.,2,火災(zāi)危險,閃點 4 73 o F 以下3 100 o F 以下2 200 o F

26、 以下1 200 o F 以上0 不會燃燒,紅色Red,溫度轉(zhuǎn)換：,22,危險物料分類Hazardous Materials Classification,黃色表示不穩(wěn)定危害。Yellow for instability hazard.,1,反應(yīng)性,4 可能爆炸3 撞擊或遇熱可能爆炸 2 劇烈化學(xué)變化 1 遇熱不穩(wěn)定0 穩(wěn)定,黃色Yellow,23,危險物料分類Hazardous Materials Classification,底部第四個菱形表示特殊危險。此部分沒有相關(guān)的特定顏色。如圖所示，用中間帶有水平線的字母“W”表示會與水發(fā)生劇烈反應(yīng)或爆炸（即水反應(yīng)性等級為 2 或 3）的物料。具有氧

27、化性質(zhì)的物料使用“OX”表示。The fourth quadrant, at the bottom position, indicates special hazards. No special color is associated with this quadrant. Materials that react violently or explosively with water (i.e., water reactivity rating 2 or 3) are identified by the letter “W” with a horizontal line through th

28、e center as shown. Materials that possess oxidizing properties shall be identified by the letters “OX.”,W,特殊危險 氧化劑OXI 酸 ACID 堿 ALK 腐蝕劑 COR 不可用水 W 放射性危險,白色White,24,象形符號Pictographs,其他的信息標(biāo)志還包括象形符號。隨著我們國際業(yè)務(wù)進一步的擴展，象形符號正在取代文字標(biāo)志，以省去語言翻譯的麻煩。例如大家在本頁中看到的“嚴(yán)禁明火”標(biāo)志示例：紅色圓圈外加一條橫線。Other informational signs may incl

29、ude a pictograph. As we expand to include more international trade, pictographs are replacing words to eliminate the need for language translations. Examples include the universal red circle with the line through it like the no open flame sign we see here.,嚴(yán)禁明火No Open Flame,25,象形符號Pictographs,其他象形符號還包括公共建筑、衛(wèi)生間和停車場的殘障標(biāo)志。甚至連鋼瓶氣體危害標(biāo)簽都以象形符號表示，而無須再重新印制每個語種的危害指示詞。Other pictographs include handic