中考英語復(fù)習(xí)課件-賓語從句.ppt

1、中考英語復(fù)習(xí)方案 語法部分,第二篇 句法 賓語從句,復(fù)習(xí)要點 1.賓語從句的主要類型 2.賓語從句中應(yīng)該注意的一些情況 （1） 引導(dǎo)詞（2 ）賓語從句的語序 （3） 賓語從句的時態(tài)（4 ）賓語從句的否定形式 （5 ）賓語從句中的特殊情形,The Object Clause 賓語從句 賓語從句是英語中用來充當賓語的句子。帶有賓語從句的那個句子叫主句。賓語從句一般由“引導(dǎo)詞(連接詞）+主語+謂語+其它”構(gòu)成，其語序是陳述句語序。,賓語從句的主要類型 賓語從句是一種名詞性從句，在句中作及物動詞的賓語，或介詞的賓語，或形容詞的賓語。根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語從句的不同連詞，賓語從句可分為三類。 1. 由that引導(dǎo)

2、的賓語從句。that只有語法作用，沒有實在的意義，在口語和非正式文體中可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. 2. 由連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和連接副詞when, where, why, how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當某個成分。例如： Do you know who (whom) they are wait

3、ing foe?(賓語） He asked whose handwriting was the best.（定語） Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?（表語） I dont know why the train is late.（狀語） 3. 由if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him.,難點鏈接,賓語從句中應(yīng)該注意的一些情況

4、1.引導(dǎo)詞 由陳述句變來的賓語從句，用連詞 that 等引導(dǎo)，并且在口語中常常省略此詞： e.g. He said （ that ）he had a new dictionary . I know ( that ) Lucy can play football very well . 但是，如果 that 引導(dǎo)的是幾個表示并列關(guān)系的賓語從句時，最后一個 that 不能省略。 e.g. I know ( that ) Tom comes from France and that he teaches in a middle school in Guilin now .,難點鏈接,由一般疑問句轉(zhuǎn)換

5、而來的賓語從句，用 whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)，并且兩詞可以互用。但是 whether 可以和 or not 連用，而 if 不能。 e.g. I want to know whether ( if ) she still lives there . Please tell me whether you can come or not . 由特殊疑問句變來的賓語從句，由特殊疑問詞 who , whom , whose , which , when , where , why , how 等 引導(dǎo) 。 e.g. I dont know whose book it is . Do you kn

6、ow where our English teacher lives ? The teacher asked what was happening . He wanted to know why you can play the piano so well .,難點鏈接,2 .賓語從句的語序 1.無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語從句都是運用陳述句的語序，即是“主語在前，謂語在后”的順序。 e.g. Could you tell me how I can get to the Science Museum ? He asked him where he came from . Did you k

7、now whats the name of the handsome boy in the classroom yesterday？ Please tell me where I can buy the beautiful flower .,難點鏈接,2.若由一般疑問句或特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語從句，應(yīng)該用陳述句語序。具體如下：當助動詞是 does 或 did 時，要去掉助動詞，并把動詞恢復(fù)為第三人稱單數(shù)形式或過去式；當是其它的助動詞時，則要把這些助動詞放在主語的后面。 e.g. I asked Tom , “ What do you like best ? ” I asked Tom what h

8、e liked best . The teacher asked me : “ Have you read the book ? ” The teacher asked me if I have read the book . He asked , “ Who can carry the box ? ” He asked who could carry the box .,難點鏈接,3. 賓語從句的時態(tài) 1.當主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句的時態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的意思來使用需要的任何一種時態(tài)。如： I dont think (that) you are right. Please tel

9、l us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 2. 當主句是一般過去時的時候，賓語從句必須運用相應(yīng)的過去的某一種時態(tài)（一般過去時， 過去進行時， 過去將來時，過去完成時） ，從而達到主句和從句的相互一致。例如： He asked what time it was. He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. He asked if you had written to Peter. He said that he would go b

10、ack to the U.S. soon. 3. 當賓語從句說明的是客觀存在的事實或者是客觀存在的真理時，就不用受到主句時態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。例如： He said that the sun is much bigger than the moon . The teacher told the students that no news is good news . We should know what he said is only the truth . I know that he is an excellent student . The PE teacher said t

11、hat doing morning exercise is useful to our health.,難點鏈接,4 . 賓語從句的否定形式 一般而言，賓語從句的否定式與一般句子的否定式是一樣的。但若主句是I/ We think/ suppose/ guess/ believe等時，從句中的否定習(xí)慣上要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中。如： I dont think its going to rain . I dont believe she will lend you the money . 此外，上述情況在變成反意疑問句時，附加疑問句要看從句，如果主句的主語不是第一人稱，則附加疑問句要看主句。 試比較： I

12、think he is wrong, isnt he? He thinks he is right, doesnt he?,難點鏈接,5 . 賓語從句中的特殊情形 在把簡單句變?yōu)閺?fù)合句的練習(xí)中，千萬要注意： 1）句式的轉(zhuǎn)變：若原句是祈使句，不能用賓語從句改寫，而應(yīng)該用 “to” 或 “not to ”的句式來連接。 e.g. Dont open the door . （用 they 作主語變?yōu)橘e語從句） They ask not to open the door . 2）代詞的變化：如果將某人的原話變?yōu)橘e語從句時，我們就應(yīng)該考慮代詞的變化。 e.g. “ I come from Canada

13、” , Lucy says . Lucy says that she comes from Canada .,難點鏈接,3）若由一般疑問句或特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語從句，應(yīng)該用陳述句語序。具體如下：當助動詞是 does 或 did 時，要去掉助動詞，并把動詞恢復(fù)為第三人稱單數(shù)形式或過去式；當是其它的助動詞時，則要把這些助動詞放在主語的后面。 e.g. I asked Tom , “ What do you like best ? ” I asked Tom what he liked best . The teacher asked me : “ Have you read the book ? ”

14、 The teacher asked me if I have read the book . He asked , “ Who can carry the box ? ” He asked who could carry the box .,難點鏈接,4）不能用if，只能用whether的四種情況： a. 在介詞后 Im thinking of whether we should go fishing. b. 直接與or not連用時 I dont know whether or not they will come to help us. c. 在動詞discuss后面的賓語從句中 We

15、discussed whether we would have a sports meeting next week. d. 賓語從句提前時只能用whether Whether this is true or not, I cant say.,難點鏈接,5)句型轉(zhuǎn)換： 由連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可用疑問代詞和疑問副詞動詞不定式替代，進行句型上的轉(zhuǎn)換。 e.g. Ive no idea what were going to do next. Ive no idea what to do next. Could you tell me how I can get to the post o

16、ffice? Could you tell me how to get to the post office?,難點鏈接,1. Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2002. A. where does she live B. Where she lives C. where did she live D. where she lived 【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時態(tài)。賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述句的語序和時態(tài)，所以應(yīng)選D。 2.Would you please tell me _? A. when did he come home B. where he w

17、ould play football C. if he had seen the film D. why he didnt watch the game 【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時態(tài)。主句用的實際上是現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句在這個句子里應(yīng)用陳述句的語序和一般過去時。 3. I dont know when _. A. will the train leave B. the train will leave C. would the train leave D. the train leave 【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時態(tài)。只有B在語序和時態(tài)上符合要求。 4.

18、 -We dont know _. -It is said that he was born in Sweden. A. what he is B. if he lives here C. where he comes from D. which country is he from 【解析】答案：C。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和上下文的意思的連貫性。只有C符合要求。,例題解析,5 Could you tell me ? AMrs. King where lives Bwhere does Mrs. King live Cwhere Mrs. King lives DMrs. King liv

19、es where 答案 C. 析 賓語從句中的疑問句要用陳述語序。 6 - Can you tell me ? - Sure Shes a nurse Awhere is your sister Bwhere your sister is Cwhat is your sister Dwhat your sister is 答案 D. 析 who 問的是姓名，如： Who is he? He is Smith 或 He is my father What 問的是職業(yè)，如： What is he?/what does he do? He is a teacher. 7 Could you tell

20、 me ? Awhen the train will arrive Bwhen the train arrived Cwhen did the train arrive Dwhen does the train arrives 答案 A. 析 could 用于現(xiàn)在時疑問句表達了口氣的委婉，并不是過去時態(tài)。且賓語從句要用陳述語句。,例題解析,8 - Could you tell me ? - Yes， They to the library Awhere are the twins， have been Bwhere were the twins， have been Cwhere the tw

21、ins are， have gone Dwhere the twins were， have gone 答案 C. 析 have been to 是去過什么地方，而現(xiàn)在回來了。 have gone to 是到某地去了，人現(xiàn)在不在這里。 9 I dont know to read the word Awhich Bwhat Cwhose Dhow 答案 D. 析 因不定式 to read 中的 read 是及物動詞，已有自己的賓語 the word， 所以應(yīng)用疑問副詞 how。 10 I wonder Awhose bicycle is it Bit is whose bicycle Cis i

22、t whose bicycle Dwhose bicycle it is 答案 D. 析 wonder 后的賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述語序。 ,例題解析,從下列A、B、C、D中選擇一個正確選項填空。 1. I dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, Ill tell you A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If 2. I dont know _ the day after tomorrow. A. when does he come B. how will he come C

23、. if he comes D. whether hell come 3. Could you tell me _ the nearest hospital is? A. what B. how C. whether D. where 4. Could you tell me _ the radio without any help? A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mendedD. what he mended 5. I want to know _. A. whom is she looking after B. whom

24、she is looking C. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking after,例題解析,D,D,D,C,D,6. Do you know where _ now? A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live 7. Do you know what time _? A. the train leaveB. does the train leaveC. will the train leave D. the train leaves 8. I dont know _. Can

25、you tell me, please? A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are 9. The small children dont know _. A. what is their stockings in B. what is in their stockings C. where is their stockings in D. what in their stockings 10

26、. I cant understand _. A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does mean C. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas means,A,D,D,B,D,例題解析,11. He said _ she would leave the message on the headmasters desk. A. that B. where C. which D. what 12. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shopkeeper _

27、Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. A. that B. how C. what D. if 13. A: Could you tell me _ she is looking for? B: Her cousin, Susan. A. that B. whose C. who D. which14. I want to know_.A. what is his name B. whats his name C. that his name is D. what his name is 15. Could you tell me_? A.

28、when did Tom come back B. when does Tom come back C. when Tom will come back D. when Tom comes back,A,D,C,D,C,例題解析,16. A: Could you tell me _? B: Im not sure. A. how many people have been out of hospital B. when is Thanksgiving Day C. which animal does he like best D. what time will the dolphin show

29、 start 17. Mr. King didnt know _ yesterday evening. A. when does his son come home B. when his son comes home C. when did his son come homeD. when his son came home 18. The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 _Christmas Day. A. is B. was C. has been D. which 19. I wonder _ you would like to c

30、ome to my birthday party. A. that B. whether C. that if D. that whether 20. A: Im waiting for the mail. Do you know _ it will arrive? B: Usually it comes by 4:00. A. how B. where C. when D. what,A,D,A,B,C,例題解析,21. Do you know _ during the coming holiday? A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do C. wha

31、t Tom will do D. what Tom did 22. The teacher told us that light _ much faster than sound. A. travels B. traveled C. would travel D. had traveled 23. Do you know if _ back next week? If he _ back, please let me know.A. he comes, will come B. will he come, comes C. he will come, comes D. will he come

32、, will come 24. The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.A. took B. take C. takes D. will take25.Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou.A. has never goneB. had never gone C. has never beenD. had never been,C,A,C,A,D,例題解析,26. The students want to know whether they_ dictation today.A. h

33、ad B. has . C. will have D. are27. She asked Linda if_ go and get some. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may28 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled29. Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty? A. whoB. whatC. whenD. that30. I dont kn

34、ow _ they have passed the exam. A. whatB. if C. when D. where,C,B,C,C,B,例題解析,31. I hardly understand._ he has told me. A. that B. what C. which D. who 32. She didnt know_ back soon.A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be D. if he will come33. Do you know _ they listened to yesterday e

35、vening? what B when C why D how 34.He asked me _told me the accident A whom B whichC whoD whose 35.They dont know _their parents are. A thatB what C whyD which,B,A,A,C,B,例題解析,36.Please tell me _ last year.A. where does your sister work B. where did your sister work C where your sister works D. where

36、 your sister worked37.She asked me if I knew _A. whose pen is itB. whose pen it was C. whose pen it isD. whose pen was it38. Did you know _?A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after39. Could you tell me _?A. when will they leave Beijing

37、 B. when would they leave Beijing C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing40. Could you tell me_?A .where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in,D,B,A,C,B,例題解析,按要求轉(zhuǎn)換句型。 1. Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China? Could you tell us?（

38、改寫句子） Could you tell us _Mr. Brown _ living in China? 2. Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.（變?yōu)閺?fù)合句） He asked me _ the girl _ some help 3. Jim is not a student. Tom is not a student, either.（合并為一個句子） _Jim _Tom is a student. 4. When does the train leave? I want to know.（改為含賓語從句的復(fù)合句） I want to k

39、now _ the train _.5. They went home after they had finished their homework. (用notuntil改寫) They _ go home _ they had finished their homework,If enjoys,If needs,Neither nor,when leaves,didnt until,例題解析,6. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. (改為含賓語從句的復(fù)合句) Li Lei wants to know _ Peter _

40、 here yesterday 7.How does he get on with his new classmates? Could you tell me? (改為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句)Could you tell me how _ _ on with his new classmates?8.What is he doing there? Mother didnt know. (改為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句Mother didnt know what _ _doing there.9.Youd better ask your mother whether is it cheap enough

41、 before you try it on.(改錯)10.Whats his name? I asked him.（改為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句）I asked him what _ _ _.,If came,he goes,he was,his name was,例題解析,11.Why didnt he look happy? Could you tell me?(改為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句)Could you tell me why _ _look happy?12.Does he still live in that street? I dont know(改為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句)I dont know _he still _ in that street.7)Whose children is the old woma