初中英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài).ppt

1、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),Passive voice,被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)基本用法 當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)的形式是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由助動(dòng)詞be+過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成，時(shí)態(tài)通過(guò)be表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。,be + Vp.p(動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞） 1)be 動(dòng)詞可以隨時(shí)態(tài)人稱的變化而變化 am/ is / are + V(過(guò)去分詞） was/ were+ V(過(guò)去分詞） will be + V(過(guò)去分詞） 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be + V (過(guò)去分詞）,1.規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞：,1)一般情況在動(dòng)詞原形后加-ed,watch-watched,2)以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的加-d,practice-pract

2、iced,3)以輔音加y結(jié)尾的，去y變i加-ed,study-studied,4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母， 先雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母，再加-ed,stop-stopped,2.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞：,am,is,are,been,have,has,had,do,done,write,written,go,gone,He plants trees in spring.,主,謂,賓(受動(dòng)者),Trees,are planted,by,him,改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),in spring.,主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)口訣： 賓語(yǔ)提前主語(yǔ)變， 原主變賓by后見(jiàn)， 時(shí)態(tài)人稱be關(guān)鍵。,Tom will clean

3、the room tomorrow.,主,謂,賓(受動(dòng)者),The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,His brother washes bowls every day.,主,謂,賓(受動(dòng)者),Bowls,are washed,by,his brother,every day.,1.They make shoes in that factory. 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ),Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： S(主語(yǔ)）+am/is /are +過(guò)去分詞,變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),2. They bough

4、t ten computers last term,Ten computers were bought (by them) last term. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)：S+was/were +過(guò)去分詞,3Amy can take good care of Gina ,Gina can be taken good care of by Amy. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞： S+ can/may/must/should + be+過(guò)去分詞,各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成 1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：You are invited to do this. 2）一般過(guò)去時(shí)：The story was told by her. 3）一般將來(lái)時(shí)：Th

5、e problem will be discussed tomorrow.,看一看 想一想,4)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.,各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： 一般過(guò)去時(shí)： 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞： 一般將來(lái)時(shí)： 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)： 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：,S+am/is /are +P.P S+was/were +P.P. S+ can/may/must/should + be+ P.P. S+ will+be+ P.P. S+ am/is/are + being + P.P. S+ have/has + been+ P

6、.P. S+ was/were+being+ P.P.,何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)呢？ 一、行為主體不明確，不必說(shuō)出或者無(wú)法說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如： Football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如： My bike was stolen我的自行車(chē)被盜了。,三、漢語(yǔ)中含有“據(jù)說(shuō)”、“據(jù)悉”、“有人說(shuō)”、“大家說(shuō)”等時(shí)。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of

7、SARS. 眾所周知 It is well known that 據(jù)推測(cè)說(shuō) It is supposed that ,四、漢語(yǔ)中含有“被”、“由”等詞時(shí)。 例如： Tina is asked to come by Paul Tina是被Paul叫來(lái)的。 五、某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如： He was born in October，1989,1.People use knives for cutting things. Knives _ _ for cutting things. 2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twi

8、ce a month. The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.,EXERCISES,are used,are,cleaned,(變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）,3.I found the ticket on the floor. _ _ _ _ on the floor. 4.I told her to return the book in time. She _ _ to return the book in time.,The ticket was found,was told,5. His doctor made him have only two

9、 meals a day. He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day. 6.Now people can use computers to help them. Now computers _ _ _ to help them.,was made to have,can be,used,7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year? _ _ _ _ at this time last time? 8.Must we finish our work today? _ our work_ _ today?,Were ma

10、ny trees planted,Must be finished,9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps. 1) _ _ _ some wonderful stamps. 2) Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.,we were given,were,given to us,10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer. Tom _ _ to turn on the computer. 11.In this factory women do most

11、 of the work. Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory.,was asked,is done,12.He can mend the bike in two days. The bike _ _ _ in two days. 13.You must take this medicine three times a day. This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.,can be mended,must be,taken,14.The students study German in this sc

12、hool. German _ _ by the students in this school. 15.Do they often talk about this question? _ this question often _ about _ _?,is studied,Is,talked,by them,1)Teenagers should _ (allow) to go out at night. 2)The telephone _ (invent) by Bell. 3) English _ (speak) in China. 4) The car _ (make) in China

13、. 5) The room must _ (clean) every day.,be allowed,was invented,is spoken,is made,be cleaned,( ) The flowers _ every day,or theyll die. A must water B can be watered C should water D must be watered ( ) Many computers will _ to our school. A be bring B be brought C bring,4.They will finish the work

14、in ten days.,The work will be finished (by them) in ten days. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)： S+ will+be+過(guò)去分詞,5. Some workers are painting the rooms now,The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)： S+ am/is/are + being +過(guò)去分詞,6We have made twenty more keys,Twenty more keys have been made by us. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： S+ have/has + been+過(guò)去分詞,7I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night,My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)： S+ was/w