英語五種基本句型

1、請準備好你的筆記本、雙色筆, 極度的學習激情!,溫馨提示,The world belongs to the energetic. 世界屬于充滿活力的人。,初高中銜接課,第二講 五種基本句型結構 Miss Wu,review （一） 挑出下列句中的賓語 My brother hasnt done his homework. People all over the world speak English. How many new words did you learn last class? Some of the students in the school want to go swimmi

2、ng, how about you? The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.,(二) 挑出下列句中的表語 - The old man was feeling very tired. - The leaves have turned yellow. - Soon They all became interested in the subject.,(三) 挑出下列句中的定語 1. What is your given name? 2. I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. 3

3、. The man downstairs was trying to sleep. 4. I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!,(四) 挑出下列句中的賓語補足語 She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. He asked her to take the boy out of school. She found it difficult to do the work. They call me Lily sometimes. I saw M

4、r Wang get on the bus.,(五) 挑出下列句中的狀語 There was a big smile on her face. Every night he heard the noise upstairs. He began to learn English when he was eleven. The man on the motorbike was traveling too fast., With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. She loves the library because she

5、 loves books. I am afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay for it. The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.,Grammar Revision,Basic Sentence Patterns,簡單句基本句型,基本句型 一S+Vi (主+謂),特點：謂語動詞能表達完整意思。 這類動詞叫做不及物動詞，后面可跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等。,The sun,rises.,S +,Vi,flies,begins,doesnt smoke,am laughin

6、g,rises,They stopped to take a short rest. They talked for half an hour.,【活學活用】,請用“主語不及物動詞”的句型翻譯下列句子。 1太陽在照耀著。,_,2月亮升起了。,_,3我們勤奮學習。,_,4我們大家都要呼吸、吃和喝。,_,The sun was shining.,The moon has risen.,We study hard.,We all breathe, eat and drink.,基本句型 二 S+Link-V+P （主語+系動詞+表語） ， 說明主語的特征、類屬、狀態(tài)、身份。,S +,Link-V +

7、,P,I,am,a student.,am,feels,looks,becomes,seems,【活學活用】,請用“主語系動詞表語”的句型翻譯下列句子。 1這臺機器的情況良好。,_,2絲綢摸起來又軟又滑。,_,3他似乎對這本書感興趣。,_,4真相是他失蹤了。(表語從句),_,This machine is in good condition.,Silk feels soft and smooth.,He seemed interested in the book.,The truth is that he is missing.,基本句型 三 S+Vt+O (主+謂+賓) 特點：謂語動詞有實義

8、，但不能表達完整意思，必須跟一個賓語，即動作的承受者，才能使意思完整。這類動詞叫做及物動詞。,S +,Vt +,O,I,ate,an apple.,knows,laughed at,ate,【活學活用】,請用“主語及物動詞賓語”的句型翻譯下列句子。 1她微笑著表示感謝。,_,_,_,4我想喝杯茶。,_,She expressed her thanks with a smile.,I would like to have a cup of tea.,2他們想查明誰打爛了窗戶。,They wanted to find out who broke the window.,3他不介意受到老師的責備。,

9、He didnt mind being blamed by the teacher.,基本句型 四 S+Vt+DO+IO (主+謂+間賓+直賓) 特點：謂語動詞必須跟有兩個賓語才能表達完整的意思。一個是動作的直接承受者，另一個是動作的間接承受者。,S +,Vt +,Io,He,passed,me,a book.,Do +,passed,brought,bought,【活學活用】,請用“主語及物動詞間接賓語直接賓語”的句型翻,譯下列句子。,1我想為他挑選一份合適的禮物。,_,2太陽給了我們光和熱。,_,3Mr.Smith 教我們數學。,_,I want to choose a suitable

10、present for him.,The sun gives us light and warmth.,Mr.Smith teaches us Math.,基本句型 五 S+Vt+O+C 主+謂+賓+賓補 特點：動詞雖然是及物動詞，但是只跟一個賓語還不能表達完整的意思，必須加上一個補充成分來補足賓語，才使意思完整。,S +,Vt +,C,They,call,me,John.,O +,keep,call,makes,【活學活用】,請用“主語及物動詞賓語賓補”的句型翻譯下列句,子。,1那噪音快要使我發(fā)瘋了。,_,2我們要使學校變得更美麗。,_,3他請我們參加做游戲。,_,The noise is

11、driving me crazy.,We must make our school more beautiful.,He asked us to join in the game.,英語句子的基本結構可以歸納成五種基本句型及其擴大、組合、省略或倒裝。,掌握這五種基本句型，是掌握各種英語句子結構的基礎。,一： +Vi （主謂） 二： +Link-V+ （主系表） 三： +Vt+ （主謂賓） 四： +Vt+DO+IO （主謂間賓直賓） 五： +Vt+ （主謂賓賓補）,典型例題分析,1.Plants need water. 2.The flower is so fresh. 3.The sun ri

12、ses in the east. 4.He gives me some flowers. 5.We should keep the room clean.,主 + 謂+ 賓 +Vt+,主 + 系 + 表 +Link-V+,主 + 謂 +Vi,主 + 謂 +間賓 +直賓 +Vt+DO+IO,主 + 謂 + 賓 + 賓補 +Vt+,6.Her father looks young. 7.She teaches us English. 8.The children are jumping and laughing happily. 9. He often tells me some stories.

13、 10.The students must keep their eyes closed.,主 + 系 + 表 +Link-V+,主 + 謂 +間賓 +直賓 +Vt+DO+IO,主 + 謂 +Vi,主 + 謂 +間賓 +直賓 +Vt+DO+IO,主 + 謂 + 賓 + 賓補 +Vt+,ex. 1 Pleas tell us a story._ 2 She smiled._ 3. I have a lot work to do._ 4. His job is to train swimmers._ 5. He noticed a man enter the room._ 6. Please lo

14、ok at the picture._,不同的動詞使用的句型也不盡一樣，因此在學習動詞時，應掌握動詞的類型。以 get 為例： Hes getting angry. (_) He got through the window. (_) Youll get a surprise. (_) He got his shoes and socks wet. (_) He got himself into trouble. (_) He got her a splendid present. (_),S + v + P,S + v + O,S + v + O,S + v + O + Oc,S + v +

15、 O + Oc,S + v + O + O,Ex.,He can speak English fulently. We have read many books. They do shopping at the weekend. Buses run from dawn till midnight. We are studying hard. He became a scientist. We made him our monitor. I wont have you speaking to your mother like that. He had put the book on the de

16、sk .,S + v +O,S + v + O,S + v + O,S + vi,S + vi,S + v + P,S + v + O + Oc,S + v + O + Oc,S + v + O,1.We all think it a pity that she didnt come here. 2.Ill have my bike repaired. 3.I stayed awake until 11:30 one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself. 4.Anne named her dia

17、ry kitty because she thought it was her best friend.,S + V +O + Oc,S + V +O + Oc,S + V +P,S + V +O + Oc,5他突然病倒了。,_,6你長得比以前高了。,_,7他長大后當了教師。,_,8他靜靜地站著。,_,9電梯壞了。,_,He has suddenly fallen ill.,You have grown taller than before.,He became a teacher when he grew up.,He stood quite still.,The lift is out o

18、f order/has gone wrong.,5我認為他今晚不會來了。,_,6我忘了要在哪兒接她了。,_,7我們期待早日收到你的來信。,_,I dont think he will come tonight.,I forget where to pick her up.,We look forward to receiving your reply soon.,4那個老人給我們指路。,_,5請在本周末把所借的書都還回圖書館。,_,6為了你，我愿意做一切事情。,_,7請借我些錢，行嗎？,_,The old man showed us the way.,Please return all the

19、 books to the library by this weekend.,Ill do everything for you.,Please lend me some money, will you?,4我要你把真相告訴我。,_,5明天我要找人來修理機器。,_,6每天早晨我們都聽到他大聲朗讀英語。,_,7他們感到汽車行駛得很快。,_,8我們必須保持身體健康。(in good condition),_,I want you to tell me the truth.,I will have the machine repaired tomorrow.,We hear him reading

20、English aloud every morning.,They felt the car moving fast.,We must keep our health in good condition.,Translate the sentences,1.1939年爆發(fā)了第二次世界大戰(zhàn). 2.一天, 她高興地走進我的房間. 3.一輪紅日從東方升起. 4.張飛在三年級六班. 5.那個故事聽起來很有趣.,6.老師好像對我的工作很滿意. 7.早睡早起對人的身體有益. 8.胡姍姍讀過這本書多次了. 9.我還沒決定去還是不去. 10.周蘭借給我一些錢. 11.這件晚禮服花了她四十美元.,12.王小明常

21、常在課堂上問老師許多問題. 13.同學們把課室保持得干干凈凈. 14.我們注意到有許多人站在學校大門口.,句型練習- 簡單句,1.事故是昨天發(fā)生的。 2.我們已經在這個城市里生活了十年。 3.剛才他看上去有些焦急。 4.這棵樹比以前長得高多了。,1.The accident happened yesderday.,2.We have lived in the city for ten years.,3.He looked worried just now.,4.The tree has grown much taller than before.,5.他打算在即將到來的五一外出旅游。 6.他爸

22、爸給他買了一本詞典作為生日禮物。 7. 他父親告訴他不要在街上玩。 8. 老板讓他整天做那項工作。,5.She plans to travel in the coming May Day.,6.Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present.,7.His father told me not to play in the street.,8.The boss made him do the work all day.,并列句(compound sentence): 把兩個或幾個簡單句用并列連詞連接起來，則成為一個并列句。,I t

23、urned on the TV. I watched it. I turned on the TV and watched it. I bought my sister a present. She didnt like it. I bought my sister a present,but she didnt like it.,并列句,并列句,常用并列連詞coordinating conjunctions,平行并列連詞: 轉折并列連詞： 因果并列連詞: 選擇并列連詞:,and,bothand, not only but also, neithernor,but, while, yet,for,so,or,eitheror,請用合適的并列連詞把每組句子合并為一個并列句。 1. He was tired. He went to bed. 2. The child hid behind his mothers skirt. He was afraid of the dog.,He was tired, so he went to bed.,The child hid behind his mothers skirt,for he was afraid of the dog.,3.He made a promise. He didnt keep it.,He made a promi