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2021—2022學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)六年級(jí)英語(yǔ)試題聽(tīng)力部分一、聽(tīng)音,判斷下列語(yǔ)句與你所聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容是(T)否(F)相符。請(qǐng)將判斷結(jié)果寫(xiě)在答題紙相應(yīng)題號(hào)的橫線上。(5個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn))1.Keeptotheright,please.2ZhangPengisshorterthanTom.3.TheywatchedTVlastnight.4.Ilikeswimmingverymuch.5.Stopandwaitataredlight.二、聽(tīng)音,根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的對(duì)話內(nèi)容,給下面的情景圖片用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字排序,請(qǐng)將排序結(jié)果寫(xiě)在答題紙相應(yīng)題號(hào)的括號(hào)內(nèi)。(10個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn))三、聽(tīng)音,根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的短文內(nèi)容,填寫(xiě)單詞或短語(yǔ),補(bǔ)全短文。請(qǐng)寫(xiě)在答題紙相應(yīng)題號(hào)的橫線上。(15個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn))Hello!I’mLingling.I’m1goodbyeletterstomyfriends.Ilovethemverymuch.Darningisacleverboy.He2helpsmewithmymaths.Amyisalovelygirl.Shecan3.Samlikes4.Heteachesmebaseball.MissLiismymathsteacher.Sheisfunnyand5.Ilikefunnyteacher.筆試部分認(rèn)真讀句子,根據(jù)句意,寫(xiě)出單詞或短語(yǔ),補(bǔ)全句子。1.Therearesevendaysina_________________.2.Theeighthmonthoftheyearis_________________.3Myfatherteachesmathsinaschool.Heisa_________________.4.Tomisangry.Heshould_________________andcounttoten.5.Weplant_________________onMarch12th.請(qǐng)根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容,填寫(xiě)疑問(wèn)詞,補(bǔ)全對(duì)話6.A:_________________areyourshoes?B:Size8.7.A:_________________wasyoursummerholiday?B:Itwasfine8.A:_________________doyoulikewinterbest?B:BecauseIcanplayinthesnow9.A:_________________picturesarethese?B:Theyareours.10.A:_________________isDragonBoatFestival?B:It’susuallyinJune.補(bǔ)全對(duì)話。Mike:Hi,John.Youlooksotired.____11____John:IclimbedHuangshanMountainyesterday.Mike:____12____John:No.Iwenttherewithmyuncle.Mike:____13____John:Wewenttherebycar.Mike:____14____John:Yes,IamgoingtoclimbMt.Tianshannextweek.Mike:____15____John:Ofcourse!Let’sgotogethernextweek.A.Wheredidyougoyesterday?B.Howdidyougothere?C.Didyougowithyourparents?D.Whenareyougoingthere?E.Areyougoingtoclimbmountainnextweek?F.Whatdidyoudoyesterday?G.CanIgowithyou?閱讀短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,選擇正確的答案。Confucius(孔子)wasborninShandong.Whenhewasonlythreeyearsold,hisfatherdied(去世).Hismothergavehimagoodeducation(教育).Hestudiedhardandbecameagoodteacherwhenhewasthirtyyearsold.Hehadmorethanthreethousandstudentsinhislife(生命;一生).Hewrotelotsofbooks.Andhelivedtobe72.Heisagreatthinker(思想家)andeducationist(教育家).Heisfamousallovertheworld.16.Confuciuswasbornin_________________.()A.Shandong B.Beijing C.Shanghai17.Whenhewasthirtyyearsold,hebecamea_________________.()A.doctor B.teacher C.farmer18.Hehad_________________studentsinhislife.()A.seventy B.threehundred C.morethanthreethousand19.Heisagreat_________________.()A.scientist B.thinker C.thinkerandeducationist20.Heisveryfamous_________________.()A.inChina B.allovertheworld C.inShandong21.親愛(ài)的同學(xué)們,你們馬上就要小學(xué)畢業(yè)了,六年的小學(xué)時(shí)光一定給你們留下了深刻而又美好的記憶,請(qǐng)你們從自己的視角,把學(xué)校、朋友和自己的變化與成長(zhǎng)描述一下。具體要求:1.自擬題目,寫(xiě)一篇小短文。2.要點(diǎn)齊全,語(yǔ)句通順、準(zhǔn)確,書(shū)寫(xiě)規(guī)范、工整,注意時(shí)態(tài)的變化。不少于6句話。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
PAGE1PAGE名詞表示某一事物,有具體的和抽象的之分。分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。
強(qiáng)調(diào):不可數(shù)名詞都默認(rèn)為單數(shù),所以總是用is或者was;最好不要根據(jù)some、any、alotof等詞去作判斷,以免受誤導(dǎo)。1、可數(shù)名詞如何變“復(fù)數(shù)形式”:
a.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds;讀音:清輔音后讀[s],濁輔音和元音后讀[z]。
b.以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾,加-es,如:bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches;讀音:[iz]。
c.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i,再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries;讀音:[z]。
d.以“f或fe”結(jié)尾,變f或fe為v,再加-es,如:knife-knives,thief-thieves;讀音:[z]。
e.以“o”結(jié)尾的詞,分兩種情況1)有生命的+es讀音:[z]如:mango-mangoestomato-tomatoeshero-heroes2)無(wú)生命的+s讀音:[z]如:photo-photosradio-radiosf.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù):man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,snowman-snowmen,mouse-mice,child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese
2、不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)。如果要計(jì)算不可數(shù)名詞所表達(dá)的數(shù)量,就得在數(shù)詞和不可數(shù)名詞之間加上“量詞+of”。例如:aglassofwater,apieceofpaper,abottleofjuice
判斷步驟:
↗如是am、is或was→原形
讀句子→讀該單詞→認(rèn)識(shí)該單詞→理解意思→看be動(dòng)詞
↘如是are或were→加s或es
練一練:
1、寫(xiě)出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)。
I_________
him_________
this_______
her______
watch_______
mango_______child_______photo________diary______
day________
foot________dress________tooth_______sheep______
box_______
strawberry_____thief_______engineer______peach______
sandwich______
man______
woman_______
leaf_______
people________
2、用所給名詞的正確形式填空。
(1)Aretheretwo
(box)onthetable?
(2)Icanseesome
(people)inthecinema.
(3)Howmany
(day)arethereinaweek?
(4)Here’refive
(bottle)of
(juice)foryou.
(5)This
(violin)ishers.Those
(grape)areoverthere.
二、冠
詞冠詞是一種虛詞,不能獨(dú)立使用,通常放在名詞的前面,分為“不定冠詞”和“定冠詞”兩種。
1、不定冠詞:a、an。用在單數(shù)名詞前,表示“一個(gè),一件……”。an用在以元音“音素”開(kāi)頭的單詞前。如:ane-mail,anorange,anoldman,anEnglishwatch,anhour…
2、定冠詞:the。用在單數(shù)或者復(fù)數(shù)名詞前。the沒(méi)有具體意思,有時(shí)翻譯為這、那。它的基本用法:
(1)用來(lái)表示特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。如:Themaponthewallisnew.
(2)表示說(shuō)話者雙方都知道的人或事物。如:Lookatthepicture,please.
(3)表示再次提到前面談過(guò)的人或事物。如:Thisisastamp.Thestampisbeautiful.
(4)用在表示世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前。如:thesun太陽(yáng)
themoon月亮
theearth地球
(5)用在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專(zhuān)有名詞前。如:theGreatWall長(zhǎng)城
(6)用在江河、湖海等專(zhuān)有名詞前。如:theChangjiangRiver長(zhǎng)江
(7)此外,序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)、樂(lè)器名稱等詞前面和一些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中一般都用定冠詞the。如:thefirstday,thebestboy,playthepiano,inthesameclass
確定用a、an還是the時(shí)可根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思。
練一練:
1、用a或an填空。
____“U”
____ice-cream
____
goalkeeper
____teapot
____apple
____office
____Englishbook
____umbrella____unit
____hour
2、根據(jù)需要,填寫(xiě)冠詞a,an或the。
(1)Whois
____girlbehind
____tree?
(2)
____oldmanhastwochildren,
____sonand
____daughter.
(3)Thisis
____orange.
____orangeisLucy’s.
(4)Helikesplaying
____guitar.Wehave
____samehobby.
(5)Weallhad____goodtimelastSunday.
(6)Shewantstobe____doctor.數(shù)詞我們學(xué)過(guò)兩類(lèi):基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。基數(shù)用于表示數(shù)量多少,而基數(shù)詞用于表示次序,常在日期中出現(xiàn)。區(qū)別:基數(shù)詞前面沒(méi)有“the”;序數(shù)詞前一定要有“the”。
1、超過(guò)二十以上的兩位數(shù)需要在個(gè)位和十位之間加上“-”。如:21
twenty-one
2、三位數(shù)以上的則需要在百位數(shù)后再加上and。如:101
a/onehundredandone
3、用基數(shù)詞來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞時(shí),一定別忘了它的復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:十八個(gè)男孩
eighteenboys
4、用基數(shù)詞修飾不可數(shù)名詞時(shí),如是復(fù)數(shù),變它的量詞為復(fù)數(shù)。如:兩碗米飯
twobowlsofrice
5、序數(shù)詞一般加“th”,特殊的有:first,second,third,fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth以及二十及二十以外的整十:twentieth,thirtieth,fortieth…“第幾十幾”:前面整十不變,后面“幾”改為序數(shù)詞。如:88
eighty-eighth
練一練:
1、請(qǐng)翻譯下列短語(yǔ)。
(1)60名學(xué)生
(2)15本英語(yǔ)書(shū)
(3)九杯涼水
(4)4個(gè)孩子
(5)12月31
(6)6月2日
(7)第九周
(8)40年前
(9)11+7
(10)上學(xué)第一天
2、把下列基數(shù)詞改成序數(shù)詞。
one
two
three
nine
fourteen
twenty
thirty-five
eighty-one
四、代
詞代詞有兩種:人稱代詞和物主代詞。
1、人稱代詞分為:第一、第二、第三人稱,且有單復(fù)數(shù)之分。
2、人稱代詞的主格在句中做主語(yǔ),一般用在動(dòng)詞前(疑問(wèn)句除外);賓格在句中做賓語(yǔ),多用于動(dòng)詞、介詞后。
3、形容詞性物主代詞起形容詞的作用,后面一定要跟名詞,表示該名詞是屬于誰(shuí)的。
4、名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞。如:
Thisismybag.=Thisismine.
Thatisherruler.=Thatishers.
一般看后面有沒(méi)有名詞,如有,就用形容詞性物主代詞;如無(wú),就用名詞性物主代詞。
請(qǐng)牢記下表:
單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)人稱代詞主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey賓格meyouhimheritusyouthem物主代詞形容詞性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs練一練:
1、按要求寫(xiě)出相應(yīng)人稱代詞。
I(賓格)_______
she(形容詞性物主代詞)_______
we(名詞性物主代詞)_______
he(復(fù)數(shù))_______
us(單數(shù))_______
theirs(主格)_______its(賓格)_______2、想一想,把下表補(bǔ)充完整。人稱代詞物主代詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格形容詞性名詞性形容詞性名詞性第一人稱meusour第二人稱youyou第三人稱hethemhistheirheritits
3、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1)Thatisnot_________kite.Thatkiteisverysmall,but_________isverybig.(I)
2)Thedressis_________.Giveitto_________.(she)
3)Isthis_________watch?(you)No,it’snot_________.(I)
4)_________ismybrother.________nameisJack.Look!Thosestampsare_________.(he)
5)_________dressesarered.(we)Whatcolourare_________?(you)
6)Show_________yourkite,OK?(they)
7)Ihaveabeautifulcat._________nameisMimi.Thesecakesare_________.(it)
8)Arethese________tickets?No,________arenot_________.________aren’there.(they)
9)Shall_________havealookatthatclassroom?Thatis_________classroom.(we)
10)_________ismyaunt.Doyouknow_________job?_________isanurse.(she)
11)Whereare_________?Ican’tfind_________.Let’scall_________parents.(they)
12)Don’ttouch_________._________isnotacat,_________isatiger!(it)
13)_________sisterisill.Pleasegoandsee_________.(she)
14)Thegirlbehind_________isourfriend.(she)五、形容詞、副詞1、形容詞表示某一事物或人的特征,副詞表示某一動(dòng)作的特征。形容詞和副詞有三種形式:原形、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)。比較級(jí):+er
最高級(jí):the…+est兩個(gè)重要特征:as……as中間一定用原形,than的前面一定要+er。
2、形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)的規(guī)則變化如下:
(1)一般直接+er。如:tall-taller,fast-faster
單音節(jié)詞如果以-e結(jié)尾,只加-r。如:late-later
(2)重讀閉音節(jié)詞如末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母,須雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)字母,再加-er。如:big-bigger,fat-fatter
(3)以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的詞,變y為i,再加-er。如:heavy-heavier,early-earlier
(4)雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞的比較級(jí)應(yīng)在原級(jí)前加more構(gòu)成。如:beautiful-morebeautiful,
careful-morecareful,quietly-morequietly,interesting-moreinteresting
(5)有些不規(guī)則變化的,須逐一加以記憶。如:good/well–better,bad/ill–worse,many/much–more,far–farther/further,old–older/elder…
練一練:
1、寫(xiě)出下列形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)。
big
good
long
tall
old
short
thin
heavy
young
fat
light
strong
high
far
low
early
late
well
fast
slow
2、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1)Icanswimas
_______(fast)asthefish,Ithink.
2)Look!Hishandsare
_______
(big)thanmine.
3)Ithinkyoudothesethings_______(well)thanyourclassmates.
4)Whosebagis
_______(heavy),yoursormine?
5)DoesJimrunas
_______(slow)asDavid?Yes,butMikeruns_______(slow)thanthem.
6)Youhavesevenbooks,butIhave
_______(many)thanyou.Ihaveten.
7)Ijump
_______(far)thansomeoftheboysinmyclass.
8)I’mvery_______(thin),butshe’s
_______(thin)thanme.
9)Itgets
_______and_______(warm)whenspringcomeshere.六、介
詞1、一種虛詞。不能單獨(dú)作句子成分,它只有跟它后面的賓語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ),才能在句子中起作用。有:in,on,under,with,behind,about,near,before,after,for,to,up,down,from,infrontof,outof,from…to…,atthebackof…
2、表示時(shí)間的介詞有:at,on,in。(1)at表示“在某一個(gè)具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn)上”,或用在固定詞組中。如:atteno’clock,at9:30a.m.,atnight,attheweekend…(2)on表示“在某日或某日的時(shí)間段”。如:onFriday,onthefirstofOctober,onMondaymorning…(3)in表示“在某一段時(shí)間(月份、季節(jié))里”。如:intheafternoon,inSeptember,insummer,in2005…
3、in一詞還有其他的固定搭配,如:inblue(穿著藍(lán)色的衣服),inEnglish(用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)),takepartin(參加)。
練一練:
1、選用括號(hào)內(nèi)恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。
1)What’sthis
_______(at,on,in)English?
2)Christmasis
_______(at,on,in)the25thofDecember.
3)Theman_______(with,on,in)blackisSuHai’sfather.
4)Hedoesn’tdowell
_______(at,on,in)PE.
5)Lookatthosebirds
_______(on,in)thetree.
6)Wearegoingtomeet
_______(at,on,in)thebusstop
_______(at,on,in)halfpastten.
7)Isthereacat
_______(under,behind,in)thedoor?
8)Helen’swritingpaperis
_______(in,infrontof)hercomputer.
9)Welive
_______(at,on,in)anewhousenow.
10)Doesitoftenrain
_______(at,on,in)springthere?
2、圈出下列句子中運(yùn)用不恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~,并將正確的答案寫(xiě)在橫線上。
1)JimisgoodinEnglishandMaths.
2)Thefilmswereinthegroundjustnow.
3)Theyaretalkingtotheirplans.
4)HowmanystudentshavetheirbirthdaysonMay?
5)Women’sDayisatthethirdofMarch.
6)Icanjogtoschoolonthemorning.
7)Didyouwatertreesatthefarm?
8)CanyoucomeandhelpmeonmyEnglish?
9)IusuallytakephotosinSundaymorning.
10)WhatdidyoudoontheSpringFestival?
七、動(dòng)
詞這里所說(shuō)的動(dòng)詞是指各種動(dòng)詞總稱,其中包括be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、行為動(dòng)詞(就是我們平時(shí)總說(shuō)的那種動(dòng)詞)。
動(dòng)詞、名詞和形容詞不太容易區(qū)分,如不能一眼看出,可用如下方法:
先用“一(量詞)”(如:一個(gè)、一張等)和這個(gè)詞連起來(lái)說(shuō),如說(shuō)得通,一般認(rèn)為是名詞;說(shuō)不通再用“很”去判斷,就是把“很”和為個(gè)詞連起來(lái)說(shuō),說(shuō)得通一般就是形容詞;都說(shuō)不通就是動(dòng)詞。(目前我們學(xué)過(guò)的,以后可能不同)(另外一些很明顯的,如人稱代詞、數(shù)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等一下就可以知道)1、be動(dòng)詞(am,is,are,was,were)
1)am—was,is–was,are--were口訣:我用am,你用are,is用在他她它,所有復(fù)數(shù)全用are。
2)肯定和否定句Iam(not)fromLondon.Heis(not)ateacher.Sheis(not)inthediningroom.Myhairis(not)long.Hereyesare(not)small.
3)一般疑問(wèn)句AmIaChinese?Yes,youare.No,youaren’t.AretheyAmerican?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren’t.Isthecatfat?Yes,itis.No,itisn’t.
4)be動(dòng)詞的否定形式:amnot(沒(méi)有縮寫(xiě)形式),arenot=aren’t,isnot=isn’t。
用恰當(dāng)?shù)腷e動(dòng)詞填空。
練一練:
1、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1)I______aboy.______youaboy?No,I_____not.
2)Thegirl______Jack'ssister.
3)Thedog_______tallandfat.
4)Themanwithbigeyes_______ateacher.
5)______yourbrotherintheclassroom?
6)How_______yourfather?
7)MikeandLiuTao______atschool.
8)Whosedress______this?
9)Whosesocks______they?
10)Who______I?
11)Thejeans______onthedesk.
12)Here______ascarfforyou.
13)Here______somesweatersforyou.
14)Theblackgloves______forSuYang.
15)Thispairofgloves______forYangLing.
16)Thetwocupsofmilk_____forme.
17)Sometea______intheglass.
18)Gaoshan'sshirt_______overthere.
19)Mysister'sname______Nancy.
20)______DavidandHelenfromEngland?
21)There______agirlintheroom.
22)There______someapplesonthetree.
23)_______thereanyapplejuiceinthebottle?
24)There_______somebreadontheplate.
25)You,heandI______fromChina.
26)There_______aboy,twogirls,threemenandtenwomeninthepark.
2、助動(dòng)詞(do,does,did)
do,does用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),其過(guò)去式did用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)。它們通常用在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中。它們的否定形式:donot=don’t,doesnot=doesn’t,didnot=didn’t。
注意:在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中,does用于第三人稱單數(shù),其余一律用助動(dòng)詞do;助動(dòng)詞do,does,did后面一定要用動(dòng)詞原形。
練
1、用適當(dāng)?shù)闹鷦?dòng)詞填空。
1)______youlikethismagazine?
2)Thegirl______likebreadforbreakfast.
3)What
______she
______attheweekends?Sheusuallyplaysgameswithherfriends.
4)Wha______youdolastSunday?Iwrotetomyfriend.
5)DidyouseeaBeijingopera?No,I
______.
6)He
______notvisitafarmlastNationalDayholiday.
7)They______notlikeplayingvolleyball.
8)
______JimhaveapicnicwithhisfamilyeverySaturday?Yes,he
.
9)
______HelenandYangLinggotoschoolonfooteveryday?
10)Howmanykites
______wehave?Wehaveten.
2、找出下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤,將序號(hào)填入題前括號(hào)內(nèi),并改正。
(
)1)
DidyouhadabiglunchwithyourfamilylastSpringFestival?
A
B
C
(
)2)
Whatdotheboyhaveinhispencil-box?Hehasarubber.
A
B
C
(
)3)
Theydoesn’tlikethefilm.
A
B
C
(
)4)
DoJimgetupatsixeveryday?
A
B
C
(
)5)
Don'tgivingtheballtoLiuTao.
A
B
C3、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞也是一類(lèi)特殊的動(dòng)詞,平時(shí)我們不把它說(shuō)成是動(dòng)詞。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可以和行為動(dòng)詞同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在同一個(gè)句子中。
我們現(xiàn)在學(xué)過(guò)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有:can、could、shall、should、will、would、may、might、must。
注意:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后動(dòng)詞總是用原形。(不受其他任何條件影響)
其否定形式:cannot=can’t,mustnot=mustn’t,…
注意:maynot和shallnot(無(wú)縮寫(xiě)形式)
練一練:
選擇填空。
(
)1)Thesignonthewallmeansyou
______stayawayfromthebuilding.
A.must
B.can’t
C.shouldn't
(
)2)Howmanybooks
______youseeonthedesk?
A.may
B.can
C.should
(
)3)Itmeansyou
______makenoiseinthelibrary.
A.should
B..shouldn't
C.can
(
)4)
______youlikeaglassofmilk?Yes,please.
A.May
B.Could
C.Would
(
)5)
______youseethesignoverthere?Sorry,Ican’t.
A.Can
B.Can’t
C.Should
(
)6)
______wegototheparkbybus?
A.May
B.Must
C.Shall
4、行為動(dòng)詞
就是我們平時(shí)上課時(shí)說(shuō)的動(dòng)詞,表示某一動(dòng)作或行為。如:sweep、live等。行為動(dòng)詞我們已學(xué)過(guò)它們的四種形式:原形、第三人稱單數(shù)+s/es、現(xiàn)在分詞(也叫動(dòng)名詞)+ing、過(guò)去式+ed。
(1)動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則:
A、一般直接加“s”,如:play–plays,visit–visits,speak–speaks;B、以“s”,“x”,“sh”,“ch”結(jié)尾時(shí),加“es”,如:catch–catches,watch–watches;C、以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾時(shí),變“y”為“i”再加“es”,如:carry–carries,study–studies。
(2)現(xiàn)在分詞(動(dòng)名詞)構(gòu)成規(guī)則:
A、一般直接加“ing”,如:go–going,do–doing,look–looking;B、以不發(fā)音的“e”結(jié)尾的單詞,去“e”加“ing”,如:take–taking,make–making,have–having;C、以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞,如末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母,需要雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)字母再加“ing”,如:put–putting,stop–stopping,run–running,get–getting,swim–swimming,sit–sitting,begin–beginning,jog–jogging,forget–forgetting。
(3)過(guò)去式構(gòu)成規(guī)則:
A、一般直接加“ed”,如:plant–planted,visit–visited,pick–picked;B、以不發(fā)音字母“e”結(jié)尾,直接加“ed”,如:like–liked,hope–hoped,taste–tasted;C、以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾時(shí),變“y”為“i”再加“ed”,如:try–tried,carry–carried,study–studied;D、有些動(dòng)詞要雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)字母,再加“ed”,如:stop–stopped;E、還有很多動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式是不規(guī)則的,請(qǐng)記憶:是-am(be)-was-being;是-are(be)-were-being;是-be-was,were-being;成為-become-became-becoming;開(kāi)始-begin-began-beginning;彎曲-bend-bent-bending;吹-blow-blew-blowing;買(mǎi)-buy-bought-buying;能-can-could;捕捉-catch-caught-catching;選擇-choose-chose-choosing;來(lái)-come-came-coming;切-cut-cut-cutting;做-do,does-did-doing;畫(huà)-draw-drew-drawing;飲-drink-drank-drinking;吃-eat-ate-eating;感覺(jué)-feel-felt-feeling;發(fā)現(xiàn)-find-found-finding;飛-fly-flew-flying;忘記-forget-forgot-forgetting;得到-get-got-getting;給-give-gave-giving;走-go-went-going;成長(zhǎng)-grow-grew-growing;有-have,has-had-having;聽(tīng)-hear-heard-hearing;受傷-hurt-hurt-hurting;保持-keep-kept-keeping;知道-know-knew-knowing;學(xué)習(xí)-learn-learned,learnt-learning;允許,讓-let-let-letting;躺-lie-lay-lying;制造-make-made-making;可以-may-might;意味-mean-meant-meaning;會(huì)見(jiàn)-meet-met-meeting;必須-must-must;放置-put-put-putting;讀-read-read-reading;騎、乘-ride-rode-riding;響、鳴-ring-rang-ringing;跑-run-ran-running;說(shuō)-say-said-saying;看見(jiàn)-see-saw-seeing;將-shall-should;唱歌-sing-sang-singing;坐下-sit-sat-sitting;睡覺(jué)-sleep-slept-sleeping;說(shuō)-speak-spoke-speaking;度過(guò)-spend-spent-spending。
練一練:
1、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)。
drink__________go____________stay__________make__________look__________have_________
pass__________carry__________come___________watch__________plant_________fly________
study________brush_________do___________teach____________take__________see__________
2、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。
put__________give__________fly_________get
________dance________sit_________run________
plant_________take___________swim_________ask___________stop__________take_________
write__________have__________smoke_________think__________want__________tell__________
3、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。
is\am_________fly_______plant________are________drink_________play_______go________
make________does_________dance________worry___________ask________taste_________
eat__________draw________put______throw________kick_________pass_______do
________
4、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
(1)I______toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.Mybrotheroften_______toschoolwithme.Yesterdaywe_______toschooltogether.Welike________toschoolverymuch.
(go)
(2)Theyusually_______lunchathome.Butlastweek,they____lunchatschool.
(have)
(3)That______myEnglishbook.It_____new.Butnowit_____nothere.It______thereamomentago.
(be)
(4)Mysisterlikes________verymuch.Sheoften_______atourschoolfestival.Lastterm,she_______alotofsongsintheschoolhall.She_____beautifully.
(sing)(5)What_____heusually______onSunday?
Heusually______hishomework.Look!He__________hishomeworknow.
______he_______hishomeworklastSunday?
Yes,he_______.
(do)
(6)Dopeopleusually_______mooncakesatMid-autumnFestival?Yes,theydo.Didyou_______mooncakeslastMid-autumnFestival?Yes,Idid.I_______alotofdeliciousmooncakes.(eat)八、there/herebe結(jié)構(gòu)1、therebe結(jié)構(gòu)表示“某時(shí)、某地存在著什么事物或人”,包括thereis、thereare、therewas、therewere。herebe結(jié)構(gòu)與它類(lèi)似,用法也完全相同,只不過(guò)是表示“這里存在著什么事物或人”。
2、和have、has、had的區(qū)別:
(1)Therebe句型表示:在某地有某物(或人);而have、has、had表示:某人擁有某物。
(2)在therebe句型中,主語(yǔ)是單數(shù),be動(dòng)詞用is;主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù),be動(dòng)詞用are;如有幾件物品,be動(dòng)詞根據(jù)最近be動(dòng)詞的那個(gè)名詞決定——“就近原則”。
(3)therebe句型的否定句在be動(dòng)詞后加not,一般疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。
(4)therebe句型與have(has)的區(qū)別:therebe表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has)表示某人擁有某物。
(5)some和any在therebe句型中的運(yùn)用:some用于肯定句,any用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。
(6)and和or在therebe句型中的運(yùn)用:and用于肯定句,or用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。
(7)針對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:Howmany+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+arethere+介詞短語(yǔ)?Howmuch+不可數(shù)名詞+isthere+介詞短語(yǔ)?
(8)針對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:What’s+介詞短語(yǔ)?
(9)Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)一般用在句子的開(kāi)頭,而have等詞只能用于某一個(gè)主語(yǔ)后面。
練一練:
1、用恰當(dāng)?shù)腷e動(dòng)詞填空。
1)There
______fourseasonsinayear.
2)There
______notanytreestwoyearsago.
3)
______thereapostofficenearyourschool?Yes,there
______.
4)Howmanystops
______there?There______onlyone.
5)There
______notanystampsontheenvelope.
6)
______thereanybirdsinthetree?
7)There______
ashoppingcentrenearourschoollastyear.Butnowthere______noone.
8)There
______onlythreeofus:mydad,mymumandme.
9)Here
______somebreadforyou.
10)InNewYork,there
______alotofraininspring.
2、選用“have,has,had,thereis,thereare,therewas,therewere”填空。
1)I
______agoodfatherandagoodmother.
2)
______atelescopeonthedesk.
3)He
______atape-recorder.
4)
______abasketballintheplayground.
5)They
______anicegarden.
6)Myfather
______astory-booklastyear.
7)
______areading-roominthebuilding?
8)WhatdoesMike
______?
9)______anybooksinthebookcase?
10)Howmanystudents
______intheclassroom?
11)
______astory-bookonthetableamomentago.
12)Whatdoyou
______?
13)Myparents
______somenicepictures.
14)
______somemapsonthewall.
15)
______amapoftheworldonthewall.
16)David’sfriends
______sometents.
17)
__________manychildrenonthehill.九、some,any的用法some用于肯定句;any用于否定句和一般疑問(wèn)句。請(qǐng)注意看例句后擴(kuò)號(hào)中說(shuō)明的用法。
例:Thereissomewaterintheglass.(肯定句)
Therearesomeflowersinthegarden.(肯定句)Therearen’tanylampsinthestudy.(否定句)Arethereanymapsonthewall?(一般疑問(wèn)句)Wouldyoulikesomeorangejuice?(希望得到肯定回答)Doyouwanttotakeanyphotosattheparty?(一般疑問(wèn)句)
練一練:
選用some或any填空。
1)Thereisn’t
______milkinthefridge.
2)Icansee______cars,butIcan’tsee______buses.
3)Hehas
______friendsinEngland.
4)Werethere
______fruittreesonthefarm?
5)Hereare
______presentsforyou.6)DoesTomwanttotake______photos?
7)Isthere______riceinthekitchen?8)Thereare______newbuildingsinourschool.
9)Wouldyoulike______cakes?No,I’dnotlike
______cakes,butI’dlike
______coffee.
10)Arethere______picturesonthewall?No,therearen’t
______pictures.
十、動(dòng)詞不定式1、to加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成一種非謂語(yǔ)形式,在這里不是介詞,無(wú)詞義。
如:IwanttomakeaNewYearcard.
我想制作一張新年賀卡。
Wouldyouliketohaveapicnicwithus?
你愿意和我們一起去野餐嗎?
2、to保留原來(lái)動(dòng)詞的一些特征,它可以帶自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)等。
如:Togettherefaster,youcantakebusNo.5.
想快一點(diǎn)到那兒,你可以坐5路車(chē)。
3、to前有時(shí)帶疑問(wèn)詞what,when,where,which,why,how等。
如:He’saskingYangLinghowtogetthere.
他正在問(wèn)楊玲怎樣到達(dá)那里。
總而言之,一定要記?。簍o后面用動(dòng)詞原形。
練一練:
1、用擴(kuò)號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1)Peoplewouldlike________(go)tofarmsinthecountryside.2)It’stime
________(have)lunch3)Iwant
________(buy)somepresentsformyfriends.4)Thethiefbegan
________(run).5)Pleaseshouwmehow________(go)totheshoppingcentre.
6)Wouldyoulike
________(join)us?
7)Don’tforget________(write)“HappyNewYear”.8)Shewasveryglad________(see)them.9)Pleaseremember________(close)thewindowsbeforeyougohome.10)I’msorry________(hear)that.
2、圈出下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤,并改正。
1)Wouldyoulikegocampingwithus?
2)Helen,showuxhowdrawingasquare.
3)Iwanttowritesalettertomypenfriend.
4)It’stimeforusgotoschool.
5)LiuTaowantstoshowingPeter’sphotostohismum.
十一、動(dòng)名詞其實(shí)就是動(dòng)詞的“現(xiàn)在分詞”。它既有“名詞性質(zhì)”(可作主語(yǔ)),又具有動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)(可帶賓語(yǔ))。
如:Pleasekeepquietinthereadingroom.還有我們的一些課題:Askingtheway中是“名詞性質(zhì)”;Myhobbyiscollectingstamps.中是“動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)”,帶了賓語(yǔ)stamps.
1、remember(記住)后面跟動(dòng)名詞,表示“記得做過(guò)某事”;跟to+動(dòng)詞原形,表示“記得要去做某事”。如:
Irememberpostingthelettertoday.
我記得今天把信寄走了。
Pleaseremembertopostthelettertoday.
請(qǐng)記住今天要把信寄走。2、forget(忘記)后面跟動(dòng)名詞,表示“忘記做過(guò)某事(實(shí)際做過(guò))”;跟to+動(dòng)詞原形,表示“忘記去做某事(實(shí)際沒(méi)做)”。如:
Iforgetdoinghomeworkthismorning.
我忘記今天早上做過(guò)作業(yè)了。
Iforgettodohomeworkthismorning.
我忘記今天早上做作業(yè)了。3、stop(停止)后面跟動(dòng)名詞,表示“停止做某事”;跟to+動(dòng)詞原形,表示“停止正在做的事,而去做別的事”。如:
Stopsmoking,please.
請(qǐng)不要吸煙。
Wearetired.Let’sstoptohavearest.
我們累了,讓我們停下來(lái)休息一下。4、like(喜歡)后面跟動(dòng)名詞,表示一個(gè)人的愛(ài)好和習(xí)慣,意思是“喜歡干某事”;跟to+動(dòng)詞原形,常用于wouldliketodosomething,表示“某人想要、愿意干某事”。如:
Iliketakingawalkaftersuppereveryday.
我喜歡每天晚飯后去散步。
Iwouldliketohavesomechips.
我想要吃些薯?xiàng)l。練一練:
1、用擴(kuò)號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1)
_________(swim)isnotasfastasrunning.
2)It’ssunnytoday.Let’sgo
_________(fish).
3)Doyoulike_________(read)Englishinthemorning?
4)Areyougoodat
_________(dance)?
5)Whereisthe
_________(shop)centre?
6)Wouldyouliketogo
_________
(jog)withme?
7)Myhobbyis
_________(play)football.
8)SuHailikes
_________(watch)cartoonsonSundays.
2、選擇擴(kuò)號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1)I’msorry
_________(hearing,tohear)that.
2)Jimisgoodat_________(swimming,toswim).
3)Shallwego_________(skating,toskate)?
4)Today,myworkis
_________(looking,tolook)afterthebaby.
5)I’mgoing
_________(flying,tofly)akiteintheplayground.
6)Ilike
_________(playing,toplay)basketballafterschool.
7)Wouldyoulike_________
(going,togo)totheGreatWall?
8)JimisaskingLiuTaohow
________(getting,toget)totheHistoryMuseum.
十二、時(shí)間和日期的表達(dá)1、有兩種時(shí)間表達(dá)法:
A)直接讀寫(xiě)數(shù)詞。如:9:15ninefifteen
10:30tenthirty
11:45elevenforty-five7:05sevenofive
2:25twotwenty-five
5:55fivefifty-fiveB)借助past和to來(lái)表達(dá)。past一般用于30分鐘以內(nèi)(含30分鐘)的時(shí)間表達(dá);to一般用于超過(guò)30分鐘的時(shí)間
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