Unit 3 Discovering Useful Structures 分層練習（解析版）VIP

2/2Unit3DiscoveringUsefulStructures分層練習語言知識一、（2024·高一課時練習）單詞變形1．fitness

n．健康；健壯；適合→

adj.適合的；健康的

vt.適合→

adj.不適合的2．host

vt.主辦；主持

n．主人；東道主；節(jié)目主持人→

n．女主人3．honour

n．榮譽；尊敬；榮幸→

adj.可敬的；體面的→

adj.受尊敬的4．championship

n．錦標賽；冠軍賽；冠軍稱號→

n．冠軍；優(yōu)勝者5．determination

n．決心；決定→

v．決心；決意→

adj.堅決的6．injure

vt.使受傷；損害→

adj.受傷的；有傷的→

n．傷害；損傷7．strength

n．力量；體力→

v．增強→

adj.強壯的8．failure

n．失??；失敗的人(或事物)→

v．失敗9．compete

vi.競爭；對抗→

n．競爭；比賽→

n．競爭者；對手→

adj.競爭的10．stress

n．壓力；緊張；重音

vt.強調；重讀；使焦慮不安

vi.焦慮不安→

adj.造成壓力的→

adj.感到壓力的【答案】1．fitness

n．健康；健壯；適合→fit

adj.適合的；健康的

vt.適合→unfit

adj.不適合的2．host

vt.主辦；主持

n．主人；東道主；節(jié)目主持人→hostess

n．女主人3．honour

n．榮譽；尊敬；榮幸→honorable

adj.可敬的；體面的→honored

adj.受尊敬的4．championship

n．錦標賽；冠軍賽；冠軍稱號→champion

n．冠軍；優(yōu)勝者5．determination

n．決心；決定→determine

v．決心；決意→determined

adj.堅決的6．injure

vt.使受傷；損害→injured

adj.受傷的；有傷的→injury

n．傷害；損傷7．strength

n．力量；體力→strengthen

v．增強→strong

adj.強壯的8．failure

n．失??；失敗的人(或事物)→fail

v．失敗9．compete

vi.競爭；對抗→competition

n．競爭；比賽→competitor

n．競爭者；對手→competitive

adj.競爭的10．stress

n．壓力；緊張；重音

vt.強調；重讀；使焦慮不安

vi.焦慮不安→stressful

adj.造成壓力的→stressed

adj.感到壓力的二、（2024·高一課時練習）選用方框內合適的內容完成下面對話isn'tit,weren'tyou,willyou,doyou,won'tyou,didn'tyouLuke:Mia?Whatareyoudoinginmyroom?Youwereplayingonmycomputeragain,1.

________________?Mia:Er...no,Iwasn't.Luke:OK.Nowpleasegotoyourroomandletmemakeplansforthecomingsportsmeet,2.________________?Mia:Oh,youdon'thavetodoitrightnow,3.________________?Comeon.Tellmeaboutyourday.YouwenttoplayfootballwithRobtoday,4.________________?Luke:Yes,Idid.Now,Mia,I'mbusy!Don'tstayhere,5.________________?No,wait.What'sthatbehindyourback?It'smymedal,6.________________?Mia,letmeseeyourhands!No!You'vebrokenmymedal.Mia:Well,Ididn'tmeanit.Iwastryingto...Luke:Mia!【答案】1.weren'tyou

2.won'tyou

3.doyou

4.didn'tyou

5.willyou

6.isn'tit

三、（2024·高一課時練習）單詞拼寫1Don’trespondtoanye-mails________(要求)personalinformation.2Onlywhenthewarwasoverdidtheyoung________(士兵)returntohishometown.3Wehavegood________(聯(lián)系)withthelocalcommunity.4Thehouseissmallandredwith________(狹窄的)stepsinfront.5Windisnowtheworld’sfastestgrowing________(來源)ofpower.6Wefollowedthebear’s________(足跡)inthesnow.7MissHarperclosedhereyesand________(假裝)tobeasleep.8Iwassonervousthatmywholebodywasdampwith________(汗水).9Eachofushasourown________(強項)andweaknesses.10Adaughter’smarriageisquitean________(大事)foramother.11Whenhisfathercamein，he________(假裝)tobedoinghishomework.12PeoplewithhighEQsusuallyhave________(積極的)attitudestowardslife.13Toacertainpoint，themore________(壓力)youareunder，thebetteryourperformancewillbe.14I’mafraidheisin________(弄錯了)insayingthat.15Youngpeopleareoften________(比作)totherisingsun.16She________(減肥)downto60kilosbeforeherwedding.17WhenIgoona________(節(jié)食)，Ieatonlyfruits，andthatreducesmyweightquickly.18Lifeislikealongracewherewe________(競爭)withotherstogobeyondourselves.【答案】1requesting2soldier3contacts4narrow5source6tracks7pretended8sweat9strengths10event11pretended12positive13stress14error15compared16slimmed17diet18compete知識應用四、（2024·三湘名校教育聯(lián)盟）七選五WhatisaMobileBlog?Amobileblogisatypeofblogthatiswrittenandsubmittedviaacellulartelephone,internet-connectedpersonaldigitalassistantsorotherconnectedportabledeviceinmostcases.Theadvantageofamobileblogisthatitgivesthewriterachancetorecordhisorherthoughtsimmediately.___16___Whatmakesamobileblogpopularisthefactthatmanyphonesnowcomeequippedwithdigitalcameras.___17___Theycanbeselectedtobedisplayedonacomputermonitor.Thus,amobileblogcannotonlyincludetext,butapictureaswell,addingtotheoverallinterestofthepiece.Anythingthatsetsablogapart,suchasaphoto,canbeaveryusefultool.____18____Thesephonesoftenhavefullkeyboardslaidcutinafashionsimilartoacomputerkeyboard.Actually,judgingfromtherealexperienceofoperating,writingonthemcanbeinconvenient.___19___Thesesmartphonesalsohavetheabilityofconnectingtotheinternet,asmostpeopleusingthemwillchooseinternetservice,whichcanmakefilingamobileblogeveneasier.Themobileblogisbasedonthesameprincipleastheshortmessageservice,onlyexpandedalittlebittoincludelongerpieces,andadditionalmedia,suchasphotos.Theblogsmaybereadableonotherphonesormaybeavailable,insomecases,forreviewoncomputers.Itshouldbenotedthatmanymobilephonesmaynotsupporttraditionalonlinebloggingsoftwareprograms.___20___A.Therefore,aspecializedprogrammaybenecessary.B.Mostofthesecamerascantakefairlydecentpictures.C.Thus,moretoolsavailabletoconnectpeopleareneeded.D.Thereisnoneedtowaituntilthereisaccesstoacomputer.E.Thewriterareexpectedtosetdownthethoughtasquicklyaspossible.F.Thepopularityofsmartphoneshasmadethewritingofamobileblogeasier.G.However,itismucheasierthantypingoutwordsonatraditionalphonekeypad.【答案】16.D17.B18.F19.G20.A【導語】本文是一篇說明文。詳細描述了移動博客的概念、特點和優(yōu)勢，同時探討了智能手機對移動博客流行的影響，以及移動博客與傳統(tǒng)博客的區(qū)別?！?6題詳解】設空位于段尾，是對前文的總結，根據(jù)前文“Amobileblogisatypeofblogthatiswrittenandsubmittedviaacellulartelephone,internet-connectedpersonaldigitalassistantsorotherconnectedportabledeviceinmostcases.Theadvantageofamobileblogisthatitgivesthewriterachancetorecordhisorherthoughtsimmediately.(移動博客是一種通過移動電話、連接互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的個人數(shù)字助理或其他連接的便攜式設備撰寫和提交的博客。移動博客的好處是，它給了作者一個機會，記錄他或她的想法立即)”可知本段講述了什么是移動博客，以及移動博客的好處，所以D項“Thereisnoneedtowaituntilthereisaccesstoacomputer.(沒有必要等到有機會使用電腦)”是對前文的總結，符合文意。故選D項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Whatmakesamobileblogpopularisthefactthatmanyphonesnowcomeequippedwithdigitalcameras.(手機博客之所以受歡迎，是因為現(xiàn)在很多手機都配備了數(shù)碼相機)”以及后文“Theycanbeselectedtobedisplayedonacomputermonitor.(它們可以被選擇顯示在計算機顯示器上)”并結合下文“”可知，此處是在講述相機的作用，所以B項“Mostofthesecamerascantakefairlydecentpictures.(這些相機大多數(shù)都能拍出相當不錯的照片)”符合本段主題，其中cameras為同詞復現(xiàn)。故選B項?！?8題詳解】設空位于段首，為本段中心句，根據(jù)后文“Thesephonesoftenhavefullkeyboardslaidcutinafashionsimilartoacomputerkeyboard.Actually,judgingfromtherealexperienceofoperating,writingonthemcanbeinconvenient.(這些手機通常有完整的鍵盤，與電腦鍵盤類似。實際上，從實際操作經(jīng)驗來看，在上面寫字是不方便的)”以及“Thesesmartphonesalsohavetheabilityofconnectingtotheinternet,asmostpeopleusingthemwillchooseinternetservice,whichcanmakefilingamobileblogeveneasier.(這些智能手機還具有連接互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的能力，因為大多數(shù)使用它們的人都會選擇互聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務，這可以使撰寫移動博客變得更加容易)”可知，本段主要講述了智能手機使撰寫移動博客變得更加容易，所以F項“Thepopularityofsmartphoneshasmadethewritingofamobileblogeasier.(智能手機的普及使得寫移動博客變得更加容易)”符合本段主題，為本段中心句。故選F項?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Actually,judgingfromtherealexperienceofoperating,writingonthemcanbeinconvenient.(實際上，從實際操作經(jīng)驗來看，在上面寫字是不方便的)”以及下文“Thesesmartphonesalsohavetheabilityofconnectingtotheinternet,asmostpeopleusingthemwillchooseinternetservice,whichcanmakefilingamobileblogeveneasier(這些智能手機也有連接互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的能力，因為大多數(shù)使用它們的人會選擇互聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務，這可以使撰寫移動博客變得更加容易)”可知，空格處存在轉折關系；G項“However,itismucheasierthantypingoutwordsonatraditionalphonekeypad.(然而，它比在傳統(tǒng)的電話鍵盤上打字要容易得多)”和前文構成轉折關系，符合文意。故選G項。【20題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Themobileblogisbasedonthesameprincipleastheshortmessageservice,onlyexpandedalittlebittoincludelongerpieces,andadditionalmedia,suchasphotos.Theblogsmaybereadableonotherphonesormaybeavailable,insomecases,forreviewoncomputers.Itshouldbenotedthatmanymobilephonesmaynotsupporttraditionalonlinebloggingsoftwareprograms.(移動博客基于與短消息服務相同的原則，只是擴展了一點，包括較長的文章和額外的媒體，如照片。這些博客可以在其他手機上閱讀，或者在某些情況下，可以在電腦上閱讀。值得注意的是，許多手機可能不支持傳統(tǒng)的在線博客軟件程序)”可知，A項“Therefore,aspecializedprogrammaybenecessary.(因此，可能需要一個專門的程序)”和前文構成因果關系，是對前文提出的問題的解決方案。故選A項。五、（2024·江蘇省南通市名校聯(lián)盟）語法填空TheSilkRoadisneitheranactualroadnorasingleroute.Itinsteadreferstoatradenetworkwhich____36____(date)fromtheHandynastyofChina.GermangeographerandtravelerFerdinandfirstusedtheterm“silkroad”in1877C.E.____37____(describe)thewell-traveledpathwayofgoodsbetweenEuropeandEastAsia.Althoughthetradenetworkiscommonlyreferredto____38____theSilkRoad,somehistoriansfavorthetermSilkRoutesbecauseitbetterreflectsthemanypaths____39____(take)bytraders.Oneofthemost____40____(influence)travelersoftheSilkRoadwasMarcoPolo.HetraveledwithhisfathertoChinawhenhewasjust17.Uponhisreturn,hewroteabouthisadventures,____41____(make)himandtherouteshetraveledfamous.FromChina,merchantscarriedsilktoEurope,whereitwaswellreceivedbythenobilityandwealthypeople.____42____traveledtogetherwithsilkfromAsiawerejade,porcelain,teaandspices.Inexchange,horses,glassware,textilesandmanufacturedgoodstraveledeastward.ThesignificanceoftheSilkRoadtohumanhistoryhasreceivedwidespread____43____(recognize).Townsalong____44____routesgrewintomulticulturalcities.Theexchangeofinformationgaverisetonewtechnologiesandinnovations_____45_____wouldchangetheworld.Today,partsoftheSilkRoadarelistedonUNESCO’sWorldHeritageList.【答案】36.dates37.todescribe38.as39.taken40.influential41.making42.What43.recognition44.the45.that/which【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了絲綢之路的歷史、特點、影響以及重要人物馬可波羅的事跡，旨在向讀者解釋和闡述絲綢之路的多個方面?！?6題詳解】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：相反，它指的是一個可以追溯到中國漢代的貿(mào)易網(wǎng)絡。這里為從句的謂語動詞，時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時；主語“which”，即先行詞“atradenetwork”，單數(shù)，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填dates?！?7題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：1877年，德國地理學家和旅行家費迪南首次使用“絲綢之路”一詞來描述歐洲與東亞之間繁忙的商品貿(mào)易通道。非謂語動詞擔當目的狀語，構成短語：use…todo…，意為“用……去做……”，符合句意。故填todescribe?！?8題詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：盡管貿(mào)易網(wǎng)絡通常被稱為“theSilkRoad”，但一些歷史學家更傾向于使用“SilkRoutes”這一術語，因為它更好地反映了商人們走的許多條道路。固定短語：referto…as…，意為“將……稱為……”，符合句意。故填as?！?9題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：盡管貿(mào)易網(wǎng)絡通常被稱為“theSilkRoad”，但一些歷史學家更傾向于使用“SilkRoutes”這一術語，因為它更好地反映了商人們走的許多條道路。非謂語動詞擔當后置定語，被修飾詞“themanypaths”和動詞“take”之間為被動關系，用過去分詞形式。故填taken。【40題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：絲綢之路上最有影響力的旅行者之一是馬可波羅。分析句子成分可知，空處為形容詞形式，修飾空后的“travelers”。故填influential。【41題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：回到家鄉(xiāng)后，他寫下了自己的冒險經(jīng)歷，使他和他的旅行路線出名。非謂語動詞擔當結果狀語，表示主句一句話所產(chǎn)生的自然而然的結果，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填making。【42題詳解】考查主語從句。句意：與絲綢一起從亞洲來的還有玉器、瓷器、茶葉和香料。這里為主語從句的引導詞，主語從句中缺少主語，表示物，用what引導；出現(xiàn)在句首，首字母大寫。故填What?！?3題詳解】考查名詞。句意：絲綢之路對人類歷史的重要性已得到廣泛認可。分析句子成分可知，空處為名詞形式recognition作賓語，不可數(shù)。故填recognition?！?4題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：沿途的城鎮(zhèn)發(fā)展成為多元文化城市。修飾上文已經(jīng)提到的名詞，用定冠詞the。故填the?！?5題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：信息交流催生了改變世界的新技術和創(chuàng)新。這里為限制性定語從句的關系詞，先行詞為“newtechnologiesandinnovations”，在定語從句中擔當主語，用關系代詞which或that引導。故填which或that。六、（2024·山東高中名校）完型填空InavillageinMalawi,Africa,peoplefacedconstantdroughtandpoverty.AyoungboynamedWilliamKamkwambahadadreamofbringing____21____tohisvillage.Whenfamine(饑荒)came,Williamhadto____22____schooltohelpwithfarming.However,hekeptreadingbooksforthewondersof___23___andtheendlesspossibilitiesitoffered.____24____byhisteacher’sbicycleflashlight,hedecidedtobuildalargewindmill(風車)to____25____thebattery,andthenuseawaterpumptowaterthelandsoasto____26____solvethefamine.Aftermanydifficultconversations,hisfatherfinallychoseto____27____hissonandhandedovertheonlybroken____28____tohim.Williamusedthewheelsandalso___29___thelocaljunkyardforsome____30____parts.Heworkedreallyhardeveryday.Dueto____31____educationandresources,itwasa____32____challengetoturnbitsofoldmaterialsintoaworkingmachine.Aftercountless____33____andfailures,theboy’swindmillfinallystarted____34____.Weepingwithjoy,theboyandhisfatherhuggedtightly.Thisisthestoryof“TheBoyWhoHarnessedtheWind,”astoryofhope,strength,andthestrongspiritofayoungboywhochangedpeople’sliveswiththepowerof____35____.21.A.wind B.water C.fortune D.chance22.A.quit B.ignore C.attend D.enjoy23.A.art B.history C.magic D.science24.A.Amused B.Confused C.Inspired D.Annoyed25.A.enhance B.charge C.preserve D.repair26.A.barely B.hardly C.frequently D.completely27.A.abandon B.support C.forgive D.distrust28.A.bicycle B.radio C.car D.flashlight29.A.bought B.exchanged C.searched D.skipped30.A.old B.different C.unique D.spare31.A.acquired B.limited C.adequate D.potential32.A.complex B.simple C.financial D.tough33.A.attempts B.successes C.discoveries D.achievements34.A.floating B.sailing C.turning D.spreading35.A.awareness B.fantasy C.harmony D.knowledge【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.B26.D27.B28.A29.C30.D31.B32.D33.A34.C35.D【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在非洲馬拉維的一個村莊，一個名叫WilliamKamkwamba的男孩用自己所學到的科學知識，為村里發(fā)明了可以給土地澆水的裝置，從而徹底解決饑荒的故事?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一個名叫WilliamKamkwamba的小男孩夢想著把水帶到他的村莊。A.wind風；B.water水；C.fortune運氣；D.chance機會。根據(jù)上文“InavillageinMalawi,Africa,peoplefacedconstantdroughtandpoverty.(在非洲馬拉維的一個村莊，人們面臨著持續(xù)的干旱和貧困)”可知，村莊面臨干旱，男孩夢想著把水帶到他的村莊。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當饑荒來臨時，William不得不退學去幫忙種地。A.quit停止；B.ignore忽視；C.attend參加；D.enjoy欣賞。根據(jù)后文“schooltohelpwithfarming”可知，饑荒來臨時，William不得不退學去幫忙種地。故選A。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，他為了科學的奇跡和它提供的無限可能性而繼續(xù)讀書。A.art藝術；B.history歷史；C.magic魔法；D.science科學。根據(jù)后文William利用科學解決了村里的饑荒問題，可知是科學的奇跡。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：受到老師自行車手電筒的啟發(fā)，他決定建造一個大型風車給電池充電，然后用水泵給土地澆水，從而徹底解決饑荒。A.Amused被逗樂的；B.Confused困惑的；C.Inspired受鼓舞的；D.Annoyed生氣的。根據(jù)后文“byhisteacher’sbicycleflashlight”可知，他的靈感來自于自行車手電筒，即收到自行車手電筒的啟發(fā)。故選C。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：受到老師自行車手電筒的啟發(fā)，他決定建造一個大型風車給電池充電，然后用水泵給土地澆水，從而徹底解決饑荒。A.enhance增強；B.charge負責，充電；C.preserve保護；D.repair修理。根據(jù)后文“thebattery,andthenuseawaterpumptowater”可知，風車給電池充電，然后用水泵給土地澆水，故選B?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：受到老師自行車手電筒的啟發(fā)，他決定建造一個大型風車給電池充電，然后用水泵給土地澆水，從而徹底解決饑荒。A.barely幾乎不；B.hardly幾乎不；C.frequently頻繁地；D.completely徹底地，完全地。根據(jù)上文“awaterpumptowaterthelandsoasto”可知，有了水泵給土